Attendance at a psychiatric day centre

1994 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 180-182
Author(s):  
Gerry Lynch ◽  
Margaret McKee ◽  
Daniel M Brennan
Keyword(s):  
Service Quality ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Satisfaction Survey ◽  
First Year ◽  
Service Utilisation ◽  
Diagnostic Data ◽  
Drop Out Rate ◽  
At Home

AbstractObjective: To examine the service utilisation of a newly opened psychiatric day centre. We wished to determine if different diagnostic groups had different perspectives of the day centre, and to see if the drop-out rate differed among clients with neurotic or psychotic disorders.Method: Demographic and diagnostic data was gathered for all clients referred in the first year of operation of the day centre. Those who defaulted from attendance were visited at home and asked to detail reasons for non-attendance. Those who continued to attend 16 months after the centre opened completed a satisfaction survey.Results: The drop-out rate was high for both clients with neurotic and psychotic disorders. Clients who continued to attend were very positive about the day centre. Both client groups saw the benefits of attendance in social rather than therapeutic terms.Conclusions: Consumer opinion may have a valuable part to play in overall measure,measurement of service quality, particularly if it includes the opinion of those who no longer use that service.

Postal self-exposure treatment of recurrent nightmares

1998 ◽  
Vol 172 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Burgess ◽  
Isaac M. Marks ◽  
Michael Gill
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Method ◽  
The Self ◽  
Waiting List ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Drop Out Rate ◽  
Intent To Treat ◽  
Treatment Manuals ◽  
At Home

BackgroundMarry nightmare sufferers do not consult a health care professional. Though behaviour and cognitive therapy can help, they have not been tested as a self-treatment method at home using a manual.MethodOne hundred and seventy adults with primary nightmares were randomised to four weeks' self-exposure or self-relaxation at home using manuals posted to them, or to a waiting-list as a control group for four weeks. Individuals recorded nightmare frequency and intensity in four-week diaries.ResultsAt one- and six-month follow-up, the self-rated nightmare frequency felt more significantly in exposure subjects than relaxation or waiting-list subjects. The self-exposure group had the most drop-outs but remained superior in an over-cautious intent-to-treat analysis. The individuals' partners confirmed the superiority of self-exposure to self-relaxation at one- and six-month follow-up.ConclusionsRecurrent nightmare sufferers improved more with self-exposure manuals than with self-relaxation manuals or by being on a waiting-list. Self-exposure may be needed for longer than four weeks in order to reduce nightmare intensity as well as frequency. Despite a high drop-out rate, some sufferers of other conditions may benefit from self-treatment manuals.

Factors affecting student drop out from the university introductory physics course, including the anomaly of the Ontario double cohort

2008 ◽  
Vol 86 (6) ◽  
pp. 839-847 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Slavin
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Grade Inflation ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
First Year ◽  
Drop Out Rate ◽  
University Physics ◽  
Physics Course ◽  
The University

The course drop-out rate is the fraction of students per year who drop a course after starting it. This statistic is important both as a measure of the difficulty or relevance of the course compared to others at a university, and as one indication of the success of measures taken to improve teaching. The drop-out rate of students from the first-year university physics course at Trent University increased from about 8% in the 1980s to over 20% in 1999, primarily under the same instructor, with the exception of the Ontario “double-cohort” years 2003–2004 and 2004–2005 when it plummeted to about 9% before rebounding in 2005–2006. A similar decrease in this rate for the double-cohort years has been observed at Brock University and the University of Guelph, and so was probably widespread. It is speculated that the main cause of the decrease for these two years was an improved work ethic of the double-cohort students. Possible causes of the steady increase in the drop-out rate from the 1980s to the present are discussed including high-school courses taken; gender balance; and grade inflation. The last of these combined with a dramatic increase in the percentage of high-school students continuing their education, appears to have resulted in weaker and less motivated students being admitted to university. Results are also given of a survey of recent first-year Trent University physics students for possible reasons for dropping out of the course: students who have not taken the final-year high-school physics course, do not live in residence, or do not work together on their assignments are much more likely to drop the course. PACS No.: 01.40.gb

Entwicklung und Evaluation einer internetbasierten begleiteten Selbsthilfe-Intervention zur Bewältigung von Albträumen

2015 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Max Böckermann ◽  
Annika Gieselmann ◽  
Marjolijn Sorbi ◽  
Reinhard Pietrowsky
Keyword(s):  
Drop Out ◽  
Drop Out Rate

Hintergrund: Dieser Artikel beschreibt die Entwicklung eines internetbasierten begleiteten Selbsthilfetrainings (Albtraumcoach) zur Bewältigung von Albträumen, das innerhalb zweier Pilotstudien auf seine Durchführbarkeit und Anwendbarkeit getestet wurde. Methoden: Innerhalb eines neunstufigen Modells wird die Entwicklung der Intervention beschrieben. Dabei wird neben der wissenschaftlichen Evidenz, die die Basis für die Intervention bildet, auf technische, ethische, datenschutzrechtliche und weitere spezifische Maßnahmen innerhalb der Interventionsentwicklung eingegangen. In zwei Pilotstudien evaluierten zudem 10 Personen mit schlechten Träumen in der Vergangenheit die Durchführbarkeit (Studie 1) und 12 Personen mit wiederkehrenden Albträumen die Anwendbarkeit sowie den Nutzen der Intervention (Studie 2). Abhängige Variablen waren die Qualität der einzelnen Sitzungen, die Zufriedenheit mit der Intervention sowie Albtraumfrequenz, Albtraumbelastung, Schlafqualität und Depressivität. Ergebnisse und Diskussion: Die Durchführbarkeit und Anwendbarkeit des Trainings wurden positiv beurteilt. Während die Drop-out-Rate verhältnismäßig hoch war, ergaben sich erste, zurückhaltend zu beurteilende, Hinweise für einen Nutzen der Intervention.

Ohrakupunktur in der Therapie alkohol- und substanzbezogener Störungen – eine Übersicht

2004 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 196-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Kunz ◽  
Michael Schulz ◽  
Gabriele Syrbe ◽  
Martin Driessen
Keyword(s):  
Drop Out ◽  
Randomisierte Kontrollierte Studien ◽  
Drop Out Rate ◽  
Kontrollierte Studien ◽  
Methodische Qualität

<B>Fragestellung:</B> Lässt die wissenschaftliche Datenlage positive Behandlungseffekte durch Ohrakupunktur in der Entzugsbehandlung von Alkohol- und Opiatabhängigen erwarten? </P><P> <B>Methodik:</B> Die im Rahmen der Recherche gefundenen Studien bezogen sich auf den Entzug von Alkohol (sechs) und von Kokain und Opiaten (acht). Die Studien wurden auf ihre methodische Qualität hin überprüft. </P><P> <B>Ergebnisse:</B> Es konnten 14 randomisierte kontrollierte Studien (RCT) zu Ohrakupunktur in der Behandlung von Alkohol- und Opiatabhängigkeit identifiziert werden. Dabei weisen die meisten Studien methodische Mängel auf. Ein Vergleich der Studien ist aufgrund unterschiedlicher Paradigmen kaum möglich, die Drop Out Rate liegt häufig über 20%. </P><P> <B>Schlussfolgerung:</B> Insgesamt reicht die verfügbare wissenschaftliche Datenlage nicht aus, um eine positive Wirkung der Akupunktur bei substanzbezogenen Störungen als gesichert anzunehmen.

Effectiveness of Classification Measures in Predicting Achievement in the Israel Defence Forces - Fitness Instruction Trainers Courses as a Case Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 145-172
Author(s):  
Yair Galily ◽  
Orly Kayam ◽  
Michael Bar-Eli
Keyword(s):  
Training System ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Screening Process ◽  
Training Course ◽  
Drop Out Rate ◽  
Army Service ◽  
Israeli Army ◽  
Israel Defense Forces

Abstract Human resources are the most crucial element in the selection of suitable fitness instruction trainers (FIT) and the results of the screening process impact greatly on the entire physical training system in the Israeli army, both in the short-term and the long-term (potential officers, young officers and developing and veteran officers). The aim of the current study is to examine the effectiveness, validity and reliability of the screening process for acceptance to the female fitness instructors training course in the Israel Defense Forces (IDF). The screening process aims to identify those that are most suitable from a large pool of candidates, in order to ensure the highest possible level of candidates and the lowest possible drop-out rate from the training course and subsequent army service. The paper examines the reliability of the classification exam currently administered in the course and its validity in predicting those candidates who will succeed in the course and in their assignments afterwards. The sample is based on a data analysis of nine screening dates over three years (three each year). The evaluation of validity is based on the relationship between the course entrance exam grades (administered a year before enlistment), exam grades at the beginning of the course and additional data relating to success in the field.

scholarly journals Potential Virus Involvement in Alzheimer’s Disease: Results from a Phase IIa Trial Evaluating Apovir, an Antiviral Drug Combination

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Nina Lindblom ◽  
Lars Lindquist ◽  
Jacob Westman ◽  
Mikael Åström ◽  
Roger Bullock ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Drug Combination ◽  
Antiviral Treatment ◽  
Antiviral Drug ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Large Drop ◽  
Drop Out Rate

Background: Accumulating data suggest infectious agents are involved in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The two primary aims of this trial were to assess safety and efficacy of an antiviral drug combination on AD progression. Objective: The trial evaluated whether Apovir, a combination of two antiviral agents, pleconaril (active on enteroviruses) and ribavirin (active on several viruses), could slow AD progression. Methods: Sixty-nine patients 60–85 years were treated with Apovir or placebo for 9 months and followed until 12 months after end of treatment. Cognitive tests, safety, biomarkers, drug plasma, and cerebrospinal fluid concentrations were assessed. Results: The tolerability of Apovir was compromised as demonstrated by the large drop-out rate and increased frequency and severity of adverse events. The primary endpoint, demonstrating a difference in change from baseline to 9 months between groups in ADAS-cog total score, was not met (p = 0.1809). However, there were observations indicating potential effects on both ADAS-cog and CDR-SB but these effects need to be verified. Also, there was a decrease in cerebrospinal fluid amyloid-β in Apovir at 9 months (p = 0.0330) but no change in placebo. Conclusion: This was the first randomized, placebo controlled clinical trial exploring antiviral treatment on AD progression. The trial is considered inconclusive due to the large drop-out rate. New trials are needed to verify if the indications of effect observed can be confirmed and which component(s) in Apovir contributed to such effects. Pleconaril alone may be studied to improve the tolerability and to verify if enterovirus is involved in the disease process.

scholarly journals One‐year clinically important deterioration and long‐term clinical course in Japanese patients with COPD: a multicenter observational cohort study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuki Abe ◽  
Masaru Suzuki ◽  
Hironi Makita ◽  
Hirokazu Kimura ◽  
Kaoruko Shimizu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Disease Progression ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Japanese Patients ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
First Year ◽  
Severe Exacerbation ◽  
Clinically Important Deterioration

Abstract Background Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a heterogeneous disease with a complex progression of many clinical presentations, and clinically important deterioration (CID) has been proposed in the Western studies as a composite endpoint of disease progression. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships between 1-year CID and the following long-term clinical outcomes in Japanese patients with COPD who have been reported to have different characteristics compared to the Westerners. Methods Among Japanese patients with COPD enrolled in the Hokkaido COPD cohort study, 259 patients who did not drop out within the first year were analyzed in this study. Two definitions of CID were used. Definition 1 comprised ≥ 100 mL decrease in forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), ≥ 4-unit increase in St George’s Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) score from baseline, or moderate or severe exacerbation. For Definition 2, the thresholds for the FEV1 and SGRQ score components were doubled. The presence of CID was evaluated within the first year from enrollment, and analyzed the association of the presence of CID with following 4-year risk of exacerbations and 9-year mortality. Results Patients with CID using Definition 1, but not any single CID component, during the first year had a significantly worse mortality compared with those without CID. Patients with CID using Definition 2 showed a similar trend on mortality, and had a shorter exacerbation-free survival compared with those without CID. Conclusions Adoption of CID is a beneficial and useful way for the assessment of long-term disease progression and clinical outcomes even in Japanese population with COPD. The definition of CID might be optimized according to the characteristics of COPD population and the observation period for CID.

scholarly journals Service Use, Drop-Out Rate and Clinical Outcomes: A Comparison Between High and Low Intensity Treatments in an IAPT Service

2014 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 747-759 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stella W. Y. Chan ◽  
Malcolm Adams
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Recovery Rate ◽  
Service Use ◽  
Evaluation Study ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Stepped Care ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Drop Out Rate

Background: The IAPT services provide high and low intensity psychological treatments for adults suffering from depression and anxiety disorders using a stepped care model. The latest national evaluation study reported an average recovery rate of 42%. However, this figure varied widely between services, with better outcomes associated with higher “step-up” rates between low and high intensity treatments. Aims: This study aimed to compare the two intensity groups in an IAPT service in Suffolk. Method: This study adopted a between groups design. A sample of 100 service users was randomly selected from the data collected from an IAPT service in Suffolk between May 2008 and February 2011. The treatment outcomes, drop-out rate, and other characteristics were compared between those who received high and low intensity treatments. Results: The high intensity group received, on average, more sessions and contact time. They received more CBT sessions and less guided self-help. There were no group differences in terms of the drop-out and appointment cancellation rates. Analyses on clinical outcomes suggested no group difference but demonstrated an overall recovery rate of 52.6% and significant reduction in both depression and anxiety symptoms. Conclusions: Despite methodological limitations, this study concludes that the service as a whole achieved above-average clinical outcomes. Further research building upon the current study in unpacking the relative strengths and weaknesses for the high and low intensity treatments would be beneficial for service delivery.

WHY IS THE SCHOOL DROP-OUT RATE SO HIGH?

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 336-336
Author(s):  
Student
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Fifth Grade ◽  
Drop Out Rate ◽  
School Drop Out ◽  
Positive Statements ◽  
Negative Statements ◽  
Years Of Schooling

Eighty percent of students entering school feel good about themselves and who they are. By the fifth grade only 20 percent have high self-esteem. By the time students become seniors in high school, the percentage who have managed to keep a positive level of self-esteem has dropped to 5 percent. Students encounter the equivalent of 60 days each year reprimanding, nagging and punishment. During 12 years of schooling a student is subject to 15,000 negative statements. That's three times the amount of positive statements received.

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