scholarly journals Does working beyond the statutory retirement age have an impact on health and functional capacity? The Finnish Retirement and Aging cohort study

2020 ◽  
pp. oemed-2020-106964
Author(s):  
Prakash KC ◽  
Marianna Virtanen ◽  
Jaana Pentti ◽  
Mika Kivimäki ◽  
Jussi Vahtera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Physical Functioning ◽  
Retirement Age ◽  
Comparable Group ◽  
Self Rated Health ◽  
Extension Group ◽  
Aging Study ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Study Participants

ObjectiveThis study aimed to compare the development of self-rated health, psychological distress and physical functioning between those retired on time and those who continued working beyond the individual retirement age.MethodsThe study population consisted of 2340 public sector employees from the Finnish Retirement and Aging study. Participants were categorised into no extension of employment (retired at the individual retirement date or <3 months past) and extension of employment (≥12 months). Propensity score matching (1:1 ratio) was used to identify comparable group of participants in the no-extension (n=574) and extension (n=574) groups by taking into account preretirement characteristics and their interactions.ResultsThe prevalence of suboptimal self-rated health and psychological distress changed a little among the extension group during the follow-up from 1 year before (T1) to 18 months (T2) and 30 months (T3) after individual pensionable date. Compared with no extension, the risk of having suboptimal self-rated health in the extension group was 0.89 (95% CI 0.68 to 1.17) at T1, 1.16 (95% CI 0.88 to 1.53) at T2 and 0.96 (95% CI 0.68 to 1.37) at T3. For psychological distress, the corresponding risk ratios were 0.93 (0.65 to 1.32), 1.15 (0.78 to 1.69) and 1.04 (0.61 to 1.79). The mean differences in the number of physical functioning difficulties between the extension and no-extension groups were 0.06 (−0.16 to 0.29) at T1, 0.05 (−0.18 to 0.27) at T2 and −0.11 (−0.39 to 0.17) at T3.ConclusionsThis study found no evidence that voluntarily extending the working career beyond retirement age would pose a risk to health and physical functioning among ageing workers.

scholarly journals Differences in self-rated health among older adults according to socioeconomic circumstances: the Bambuí Health and Aging Study

2005 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 830-839 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Fernanda Lima-Costa ◽  
Josélia Oliveira Araújo Firmo ◽  
Elizabeth Uchôa
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Access To Health Services ◽  
Physician Visits ◽  
Self Rated Health ◽  
Access To Health ◽  
Aging Study ◽  
Cruzi Infection

Self-rated health is influenced by socioeconomic circumstances, but related differences in its structure have received little attention. The objective of this study was to examine whether self-rated health structure differs according to socioeconomic circumstances in later life. The study included 1,505 individuals (86.4%) residing in Bambui and aged 60 years or older. Correlates of self-rated health among lower-income older adults (monthly household income < US$ 240.00) and higher-income seniors were assessed. Social network stood out as a major factor in the structure of self-rated health among the poorest. Psychological distress was independently associated with worse self-rated health among the poorest, while perceptions by the wealthiest were broader, including psychological distress, insomnia, Trypanosoma cruzi infection, use of medications, and access to health services. Physician visits and hospitalizations were associated with self-rated health in both groups. Our results show important differences in the structure of self-rated health according to socioeconomic circumstances and reinforce the need for policies to reduce health inequalities in later life.

Employee, Partner, and Mother

2009 ◽  
Vol 30 (8) ◽  
pp. 1122-1150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisa Kostiainen ◽  
Tuija Martelin ◽  
Laura Kestilä ◽  
Pekka Martikainen ◽  
Seppo Koskinen
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Cumulative Effect ◽  
Job Control ◽  
Multiple Role ◽  
Important Work ◽  
Self Rated Health ◽  
Work Characteristic ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Role Occupancy

A large number of Western women today occupy the roles of an employee, a partner, and a mother. The three life spheres may spell contradictory expectations, demands, and rewards. The aim of this article is to examine self-rated health (SRH) and psychological distress of Finnish women aged 30 to 49 years. In addition to the number of roles the respondent occupies, the quality and the characteristics of each role are analyzed. The employee role is most strongly associated with SRH, whereas job control (jc) is the most important work characteristic. The partner role and, in more detail, support from partner determines psychological distress most significantly. Multiple-role occupancy is associated with good SRH. This, however, appears to be a cumulative effect of the individual roles and mostly not due to interactions between the roles the women occupy.

scholarly journals Racial discrimination and health: a prospective study of ethnic minorities in the United Kingdom

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth A. Hackett ◽  
Amy Ronaldson ◽  
Kamaldeep Bhui ◽  
Andrew Steptoe ◽  
Sarah E. Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Racial Discrimination ◽  
Physical Functioning ◽  
Mental Functioning ◽  
Self Rated Health ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Limiting Longstanding Illness ◽  
Fair Poor ◽  
Longstanding Illness

Abstract Background Racism has been linked with poor health in studies in the United States. Little is known about prospective associations between racial discrimination and health outcomes in the United Kingdom (UK). Methods Data were from 4883 ethnic minority (i.e. non-white) participants in the UK Household Longitudinal Study. Perceived discrimination in the last 12 months on the basis of ethnicity or nationality was reported in 2009/10. Psychological distress, mental functioning, life satisfaction, self-rated health, physical functioning and reports of limiting longstanding illness were assessed in 2009/10 and 2011/12. Linear and logistic regression analyses adjusted for age, sex, income, education and ethnicity. Prospective analyses also adjusted for baseline status on the outcome being evaluated. Results Racial discrimination was reported by 998 (20.4%) of the sample. Cross-sectionally, those who reported racial discrimination had a greater likelihood on average of limiting longstanding illness (odds ratio (OR) = 1.78, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.49; 2.13) and fair/poor self-rated health (OR = 1.50; 95% CI 1.24; 1.82) than those who did not report racial discrimination. Racial discrimination was associated with greater psychological distress (B = 1.11, 95% CI 0.88; 1.34), poorer mental functioning (B = − 3.61; 95% CI -4.29; − 2.93), poorer physical functioning (B = − 0.86; 95% CI -1.50; − 0.27), and lower life satisfaction (B = − 0.40, 95% CI -0.52; − 0.27). Prospectively, those who reported racial discrimination had a greater likelihood on average of limiting longstanding illness (OR = 1.31, 95% CI 1.01; 1.69) and fair/poor self-rated health (OR = 1.30; 95% CI 1.00; 1.69), than those who did not report racial discrimination. Racial discrimination was associated increased psychological distress (B = 0.52, 95% CI 0.20; 0.85) and poorer mental functioning (B = − 1.77; 95% CI -2.70; − 0.83) over two-year follow-up, adjusting for baseline scores. Conclusions UK adults belonging to ethnic minority groups who perceive racial discrimination experience poorer mental and physical health than those who do not. These results highlight the need for effective interventions to combat racial discrimination in order to reduce inequalities in health.

scholarly journals Trajectories of work ability from mid-life to pensionable age and their association with retirement timing

2021 ◽  
pp. jech-2021-216433
Author(s):  
Prakash K C ◽  
Marianna Virtanen ◽  
Mika Kivimäki ◽  
Jenni Ervasti ◽  
Jaana Pentti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Work Ability ◽  
Occupational Status ◽  
Latent Trajectory ◽  
Retirement Timing ◽  
Aging Study ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Excellent Work ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Study Participants

BackgroundThis study aimed to identify the trajectories of work ability over 16 years preceding the individual pensionable age and to examine the association with retirement timing.MethodsThe study population consisted of 2612 public sector employees from the Finnish Retirement and Aging study and the Finnish Public Sector study. Participants were grouped into ‘no-extension’ (retired at the individual pensionable date or worked no longer than 6 months after that date) and ‘extension’ (worked more than 6 months after individual pensionable age). Trajectories of self-reported work ability score (0–10) in maximum of eight measurement points over 16 years preceding retirement were examined using the group-based latent trajectory analysis. Log-binomial regression was used to analyse the association between trajectory groups and extended employment.ResultsFour stable (‘Stable excellent’, 7%; ‘Stable high’, 62%; ‘Stable medium’, 24%; ‘Low’, 4%) and one decreasing (‘Declining’, 3%) work ability trajectories were identified. After taking into account gender, age, occupational status, marital status and self-rated health, ‘Stable excellent’ trajectory was associated with a higher likelihood of extended employment compared with the ‘Low’ (risk ratio (RR) 2.38, 95% CI 1.21 to 4.68) and to the ‘Declining’ (RR 2.82, 95% CI 1.32 to 6.01) trajectories. There was no difference in retirement timing between ‘Declining’, ‘Low’ and ‘Stable medium’ trajectories.ConclusionWork ability remained relatively stable among majority of the participants over 16 years of follow-up. Stable excellent work ability from mid-life to late career was associated with higher likelihood of extending employment beyond individual pensionable age than those with low or declining work ability.

1534-P: Protein Intake below the Individual Recommendation Is Associated with Lower Physical Functioning among Adults with Diabetes: 2005-2016, NHANES

Diabetes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 1534-P
Author(s):  
SARA THOMAS ◽  
STEPHANIE M. FANELLI ◽  
OWEN KELLY ◽  
JESSICA L. KROK-SCHOEN ◽  
CHRISTOPHER A. TAYLOR
Keyword(s):  
Physical Functioning ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
P Protein ◽  
Individual Recommendation ◽  
The Individual

scholarly journals Profile Groups Based on Lifestyle and Differences in Mental Health and Cognition

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 404-404
Author(s):  
Joseph Kim ◽  
Kyuree Kim
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Mail Survey ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Self Rated Health ◽  
Final Sample ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Mean Differences

Abstract The purpose of this study was to identify the profiles of older adults according to lifestyle. Data for the study were from the 2017 Consumption and Activities Mail Survey (CAMS). CAMS 2017 is a questionnaire mailed to a sub-sample of respondents from the Health and Retirement Study. Participants were limited to older adults 65 and older, and the final sample consisted of 1136 older adults. The sample included 443 men and 693 women. Caucasians comprised 82.0% of the participants. Lifestyle was measured through items assessing the amount of time spent on activities. Due to high skewness, the items were dichotomized, 0=no time spent on activity and 1=time spent on the activity. Latent class analysis (LCA) was performed to identify groups based on lifestyle. LCA is a person-centered approach for identifying unobserved subgroups based on similarity in responses to items. Three lifestyle groups were identified. Group 1 was “Outgoing” with 471 individuals. Group 2 was “Adequate” with 229 individuals. Group 3 was “Inactive” with 436 individuals. An ANOVA was then conducted to assess mean differences in self-rated health, cognition, depressive symptoms, and loneliness for the three lifestyle groups. The “Outgoing” and “Adequate” groups had significantly higher scores on self-rated health and cognition, and in addition, significantly lower scores on depressive symptoms and loneliness compared to the “Inactive” group. No significant differences were observed between the “Outgoing” and “Adequate” groups. An implication from this study is the importance of maintaining an active lifestyle in later life for better mental health and cognition.

Abstract MP78: Validity of Predictive Equations for 24-Hour Urine Sodium Excretion in Young Black and Other Adults

Circulation ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 127 (suppl_12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Cogswell ◽  
Chia-Yih Wang ◽  
Te-Ching Chen ◽  
Christine Pfeiffer ◽  
Paul Elliott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Excretion ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Urine Collection ◽  
Urine Sodium ◽  
Predictive Equations ◽  
Spot Urine ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Urine Sodium Excretion ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
The Individual

Introduction: Reducing mean population sodium intake by ~1200 mg is projected to reduce thousands of deaths from heart disease and stroke and save billions of health care dollars annually. Twenty-four hour urine collection is recommended for assessing changes in mean population sodium intake, but can be difficult to implement. Predicting 24-hour urine sodium excretion using spot urines is not recommended due to diurnal variations in excretion. Further, sodium excretion patterns differ between black and white persons. We assessed the validity of previously published prediction equations for 24-hour sodium excretion in black and other young adults by timing of spot urine collection. Design: Of 481 adult volunteers aged 18-39 years (50% Blacks) asked to participate in a 2011 study in the Metropolitan DC area, 407 collected each urine void in a separate container for 24 hours. Four timed voids from the 24-h urine collection were selected (morning, afternoon, evening, and overnight) to use with previously published predictive equations. Predictive equations were based on one of two approaches; 1) an indirect approach using spot urine sodium-to-creatinine concentrations and predicted 24-hour creatinine excretion ( Tanaka, Kawasaki, Mage ), and 2) a direct approach using spot urine sodium, potassium, and creatinine concentrations, and age, and body mass index with separate equations by sex ( Brown ). We assessed mean differences between predicted and measured 24-hour sodium excretion (bias) and individual differences across levels of sodium excretion using Bland-Altman plots. Results: Among participants, mean measured 24-hour sodium excretion was ~3300 mg (SD ~1400 mg). Of the equations evaluated, mean bias in predicted 24-hour sodium excretion was least from Brown equations when using morning (-165 mg, 95% confidence interval [CI], -295, -36 mg), afternoon (-90 mg, 95% CI, -208, 28 mg) or evening ( -120 mg, 95% CI -230, -11 mg) spot urines. When using overnight spot urines, mean bias from Brown equations was greatest and statistically significant (-247 mg, 95% CI, -348, -151 mg). When using overnight spot urines, mean bias from Tanaka (-23 mg) or Mage (-145 mg) equations was not significant, however, when stratified by sex, mean biases were significant and in opposite directions. Among Blacks, mean biases from Brown were not significant (-167 to 122 mg) except using overnight specimens among Black females (-267 mg, 95% CI, -525, -47 mg). Across equations and time periods, Bland-Altman plots indicated significant bias at the individual level. Conclusions: Of the evaluated equations, predicted 24-hour urine sodium excretion using the Brown equations with morning, afternoon, or evening specimens may provide the least biased estimates of group mean sodium intake among young US adults. None of the equations adequately predicted individual 24-hour sodium excretion measured on the same day.

THE RELEVANCE OF RESEARCH ON INFERTILITY IN SOCIOLOGY

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 183-187
Author(s):  
B.Zh. Smagambet ◽  
◽  
F.M. Ashirbayeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Social Problem ◽  
Urgent Problem ◽  
Demographic Development ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Individual

The article considers the relevance of the study of infertility in sociology. A decrease in the fertility of men and women leads to a reduction in the reproductive capabilities of demographic development. The need for research is due to the fact that infertility in marriage is an urgent problem not only for the individual and the family, but also for society as a whole. The inability of spouses to have children leads to conflicts in the family, social and psychological distress, and an increase in the number of divorces, which is an urgent social problem.

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