Interindividual variability and individual responses to exercise training in adolescents with obesity

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy J. Walsh ◽  
Jacob T. Bonafiglia ◽  
Gary S. Goldfield ◽  
Ronald J. Sigal ◽  
Glen P. Kenny ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Lean Body Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Interindividual Variability ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Body Fat Mass

This study investigated the impact of exercise training on interindividual variability and response rates in body composition and cardiometabolic outcomes in adolescents with obesity. Postpubertal males and females (n = 143) were randomly assigned to 6 months of a diet-only control or aerobic, resistance, or combined exercise training. Body composition indices were percentages of body fat mass and lean body mass and waist circumference. Biomarkers of cardiometabolic health were systolic blood pressure and plasma fasting glucose, triglycerides, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Interindividual variability was examined by comparing the standard deviation of individual responses (SDIR) to a smallest robust change (SRC). The typical error of measurement was used to classify responses. SDIR exceeded the SRC for percent body fat mass in all exercise groups (SRC = 1.04%; aerobic SDIR = 1.50%; resistance SDIR = 1.22%; combined SDIR = 2.29%), percent lean body mass (SRC = 1.38%; SDIR = 3.2%,), systolic blood pressure (SRC = 2.06 mm Hg; SDIR = 4.92 mm Hg) in the resistance group, and waist circumference (SRC = 2.33 cm; SDIR = 4.09 cm), and fasting glucose (SRC = 0.08 mmol/L; SDIR = 0.28 mmol/L) in the combined group. However, half of the reported variables (11/21) did not have a positive SDIR. Importantly, adverse response rates were significantly lower in all 3 exercise groups compared with control for body composition. Although exercise had a small influence on interindividual variability for indices of body composition, the rate of adverse responses did not increase for any outcome. Novelty Interindividual variability and individual responses to exercise training have not been investigated in adolescents with obesity. Six months of exercise training does not increase interindividual variability in adolescents with obesity. Exercise created a positive, uniform shift in responses.

scholarly journals Peculiarities of Physical Fitness and Body Composition of 5—7 Year-Old Children of Several Kaunas Preschools and Interaction between those Indexes

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (73) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandrija Čapkauskienė ◽  
Kristina Visagurskienė ◽  
Rima Bakienė ◽  
Irena Vitkienė ◽  
Daiva Vizbaraitė
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Body Fat Mass ◽  
Percentage Body Fat ◽  
General Physical

Childhood obesity is a key public health issue around the globe in developed and developing countries (Dugan, 2008). The recent worldwide increase in the prevalence of childhood obesity may be due in part to a decrease in children’s physical activity levels (Ball et al., 2001). It is necessary to develop early interventions to improve physical fitness in children and to prevent the increase of childhood obesity (Brunet et al., 2006). So, the aim of this study was to evaluate the body composition and physical fitness of children aged 5—7 years and to estimate the interaction between body composition components and physical fitness tests. Participants: 216 children participated in this study: 104 girls, mean age 5.90 ± 0.63 years and 112 boys — mean age 5.98 ± 0.50 years from Kaunas city (Lithuania) preschools. Methods: all the subjects have been measured for their height, body mass, waist circumference (WC) and skinfolds at 2 different places — triceps and subscapular. Body mass index (BMI) and percentage body fat mass (BFM) were evaluated. All the participants did four physical fitness tests including speed shuttle run, 20 meters distance run, standing long jump and throwing 1 kg ball. General physical fitness level was evaluated based on B. Sekita (1988) methods. Results. Results showed that BMI did not significantly differ between boys and girls, and was evaluated as “optimal” for both groups. BFM was significantly higher in girls (p < 0.001), and WC did not differ between genders. But WC had a tendency to increase with age in both boys and girls. Strong relationship was observed between BMI and BFM (r = 0.660, r = 0.660 respectively; p < 0.01), and between BMI and WC (r = 0.703, r = 0.826 respectively; p < 0.01) for both boys and girls. The results of physical tests showed that boys did all the tests better than girls (p < 0.01). When we evaluated the general physical fitness of each child, the results indicated that their physical fitness waslow, evaluated as “good enough” for most boys and girls. General physical fitness of children negatively but slightly correlated with BFM (r = –0.201; p < 0.001), it indicated that higher BFM determined lower evaluation of general physical fitness.Conclusions. Optimal body weight, according to body mass index, percentage body fat mass and waist circumference, was established for the bigger part of children, aged 5—7 years old. This study shows that physical fitness of children was low — evaluated as “good enough” and negatively correlated with body fat mass, showing that high body fat mass negatively impacted physical fitness.Key words: body mass index, percentage body fat mass, waist circumference, physical fitness.

scholarly journals Positive Improvements on Body Composition and Muscle Strength in Older Adults Consuming the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension Diet Containing Beef (OR18-01-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cydne Perry ◽  
Gary Van Guilder
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Time Effects ◽  
Dash Diet ◽  
Lean Beef

Abstract Objectives To determine the effect of beef consumption as a part of the DASH diet on measures of anthropometric and muscle health in adults 65 and older. Methods Twenty-eight older adults were randomly assigned to consume either 3 oz. (n = 14) or 6 oz. (n = 14) of fresh, lean beef as a part of the DASH diet for 12-wks. Anthropometrics and muscle strength were measured at wks 0, 3, 6, 9, and 12 throughout the study. The seven-day cyclical DASH menu contained fresh lean beef. Other red meats, poultry and seafood were excluded. Breakfast, lunch and dinner were provided every day for 12-wks and all food items were purchased, prepared and weighed to the nearest gram by the research staff. The portions of beef were evenly distributed throughout each meal provided every day. Results Changes in body composition and muscle strength were observed during the 12-wk study regardless of beef intake. Significant time effects were detected for: body weight (P < 0.001); BMI (P < 0.001); waist circumference (P < 0.001); hip circumference (P < 0.001); %body fat (P < 0.001); absolute fat mass (P < 0.001); systolic blood pressure (P < 0.001); and diastolic blood pressure (P < 0.001) such that a decrease was observed over the 12-wk intervention. Time effects were detected for sit-to-stand (P < 0.001) such that an increase was observed over the 12-wk intervention. Body weight decreased (P = 0.001) by 6.7% from baseline (90 kg) to study-end (84 kg); BMI decreased (P < 0.001) from baseline (31.2) to study-end (29.4); waist circumference decreased (P < 0.001) from baseline (98.1 cm) to study-end (94.4 cm); %body fat decreased (P < 0.001) from baseline (36.1%) to study-end (34.2%); absolute fat mass decreased (P < 0.001) from baseline (33.1 kg) to study-end (29.4 kg); systolic blood pressure decreased (P < 0.001) from baseline (134 mmHg) to study-end (118 mmHg). Handgrip strength and REE were well-maintained (P > 0.05) despite the weight loss. Of the obese participants, 33% were overweight and 29% of the overweight participants were normal weight by study-end. Conclusions The results of this highly-controlled dietary intervention study indicate that daily consumption of high-quality protein as a part of the DASH diet positively influences body composition and muscle strength in older adults. These results also suggest that beef can be included in healthy dietary patterns. Funding Sources South Dakota Beef Industry Council.

scholarly journals Exploiting dietary supplementation trials to assess the impact of the prenatal environment on CVD risk

2008 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Hawkesworth
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Maternal Diet ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Protein Energy ◽  
The Impact

Animal studies have demonstrated that altering the maternal diet during pregnancy affects offspring disease risk. Data from human subjects on the early-life determinants of disease have been derived primarily from birth-weight associations; studies of the impact of the maternal diet are scarce and inconsistent. Investigating CVD risk factors in the offspring of women who have participated in maternal supplementation trials provides a useful resource in this research field, by virtue of employing an experimental design (as compared with observational studies). To date, follow-up studies have been published only for a small number of trials; these trials include the impact of maternal protein–energy, multiple-micronutrient and Ca supplementation on offspring disease risk. In Nepal maternal micronutrient supplementation has been shown to be associated with lower offspring systolic blood pressure at 2 years of age. Data from Guatemala on a pre- and postnatal protein–energy community intervention have suggested long-term improvements in fasting glucose and body composition but not in blood pressure. In The Gambia no association has been found between prenatal protein–energy supplementation and markers of CVD risk including body composition, blood pressure and fasting glucose and insulin in childhood and adolescence. Little evidence of an effect of maternal Ca supplementation on offspring blood pressure has been demonstrated in four trials, although the risk of high systolic blood pressure was found to be reduced in one trial. The present paper reviews the current evidence relating maternal nutritional supplementation during pregnancy to offspring CVD risk and explores the potential explanations for the lack of association.

scholarly journals Sex Differences in Blood Pressure and Body Composition in Hypertensive Adults with Central Obesity

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-26
Author(s):  
Riza Adriyani ◽  
Dody Iskandar ◽  
Ahmad Hendra Dana
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
High Intensity Interval

Regular exercise is recommended for adults experiencing hypertension with low and moderate cardiovascular risk. High intensity interval training (HIIT) is an efficient training method and has a better cardiometabolic protective effect. The purpose of this study was to determine sex differences in blood pressure and body composition after high intensity interval training. Twenty two adults with hypertension and central obesity (male n = 16, age 35.56 ± 4.56 years, waist circumference 98.85 ± 6.85 cm, systolic blood pressure 134.22 ± 2.86 mmHg, diastolic blood pressure 85.03 ± 6.58 mmHg) - (female n = 6, age 37.83 ± 5.46 years, waist circumference 95.09 ± 7.49 cm, systolic blood pressure 133.50 ± 6.47 mmHg, diastolic blood pressure 89.80 ± 5.94 mmHg) participated in a high intensity interval training (HIIT). The HIIT consisted of 3x4 minutes training at 77– 95% of maximum heart rate interspersed by 3 minutes of active rest at 64-76% of of maximum heart rate. The training was conducted three sessions per week for 10 weeks. Systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure were significantly reduced in men. There was an improvement in body composition parameters, including a decrease in waist-to-hip ratio, visceral fat, and body fat mass in men (p 0.05). Waist circumference decreased in both men and women (p 0.05). It concludes that there are sex differences in cardiometabolic adaptation after HIIT.

The impact treatment has on cardiovascular risks factors for breast cancer survivors.

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (26_suppl) ◽  
pp. 106-106
Author(s):  
John R. Keyserlingk ◽  
David H. Jones ◽  
Melisa Nestore ◽  
Alain Steve Comtois ◽  
Sara Henophy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
The Other ◽  
Resting Heart Rate ◽  
Total Body Fat ◽  
Total Body

106 Background: The Integrative Health and Wellness center at VM Medical was established to monitor the body composition, activity level and vital signs of both the regular patients and the cancer survivors during their annual mammography screening. To determine if body composition and basic cardiovascular function of cancer survivors may vary depending on the type of adjuvant therapy dispensed. Methods: Kinesiologists performed base line measurements on 4,414 patient at The VM Medical Breast Center. Measurements were obtained on 3,674 non-oncology female patients and 740 cancer survivors. The data included BMI, resting heart rate, blood pressure, total body fat, lean muscle and waist circumference. The cancer survivors were stratified into 8 different groups (G1-G8) according to the type of surgery they underwent and compared to the regular patients(R). A one way ANOVA was performed with Dunnet post hoc analysis, significance was set at p < 0.05. The two largest groups were; women who underwent surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy and hormone therapy (G5) 243 patients, as part of their treatment and women who underwent surgery, radiotherapy and hormone therapy (G6) 207 patients, as part of their treatment. The other 290 patients were separated into the other 6 treatment groups. Results: Significant differences were seen between the cancer survivors in all groups and the regular patients with p= 0.00 in 7 key variables. BMI(F=4.30) µ= 26.08 (R) vs µ= 27.10 (G6), resting heart rate (F= 6.24) µ= 73.04 bts/min (R) vs µ= 76.45 bts/min (G5), diastolic blood pressure (F= 4.65) µ= 74.18 mmHg (R) vs µ= 77.00 mmHg (G5), systolic blood pressure (F= 8.75) µ= 123.04 mmHg (R) vs µ= 130.14 mmHg (G6), lean muscle (F= 3.48) µ= 10.09 kgs (R) vs µ= 9.74 kgs (G6), total body fat (F=9.02) µ= 34.45% (R) vs µ= 37.49% (G6) and waist circumference (F= 4.44) µ= 84.91 cm (R) vs µ= 87.68 cm (G5). Conclusions: It would appear that different treatment protocols are associated with an increase in negative body composition and blood pressure measurements in cancer survivors. This information is important for the medical team to consider when directing the cancer survivors on healthy lifestyle choices post treatment.

The Effects of an Incremental Approach to 10,000 Steps/Day on Metabolic Syndrome Components in Sedentary Overweight Women

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 737-745 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Musto ◽  
Kevin Jacobs ◽  
Mark Nash ◽  
Gianluca DelRossi ◽  
Arlette Perry
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Resting Heart Rate ◽  
Overweight Women ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome Components

Background:Pedometer programs can increase physical activity in sedentary individuals, a population that is at risk for developing metabolic syndrome and each of its individual components. Although the popular 10,000 steps/day recommendation has shown to induce many favorable health benefits, it may be out of reach for sedentary individuals. This study observed the effects of incremental increases in steps/day on metabolic syndrome components in sedentary overweight women.Methods:This study was a longitudinal, quasiexperimental design. Participants were recruited from a 12-week work-site pedometer program and grouped as either ‘active’ or ‘control’ after the intervention based on their steps/day improvement. Self-reported physical activity, pedometer assessed physical activity, BMI, resting heart rate, waist circumference, blood pressure, triglycerides, HDLC, and fasting glucose were measured before and after the program.Results:The active group showed significant within-group improvements in waist circumference and fasting glucose. Significant group differences were observed in resting heart rate, BMI, and systolic blood pressure; however, the changes observed in systolic blood pressure were not independent of weight loss.Conclusions:Incremental increases in steps/day induced favorable changes in some MetS components suggesting that this approach is a viable starting point for sedentary individuals that may find it difficult to initially accumulate 10,000 steps/day.

scholarly journals Body Fat Distribution Measured by Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis is Associated with Occurrence of Colorectal Adenoma: A Case Control Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhong-Hui Liu ◽  
Gui-Xi Zhang ◽  
Hao Zhang ◽  
Li Jiang ◽  
Yang Deng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Colorectal Adenoma ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Body Fat Mass

Abstract ObjectivesSome studies have reported that visceral fat volume measured by computed tomography (CT) was a risk factor for colorectal adenoma (CRA). However, CT is not a good method for risk stratification in clinical use for its radiation. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is a non-invasive method for assessment of body composition. The aim of current study was to evaluate the association of body fat measured by BIA with occurrence of CRA.Patients and methods:A total of 410 participants who had underwent screening colonoscopy from Jul 2017 to Dec 2019 in our center were recruited, including 230 with adenoma and 180 without adenoma detected. Body fat of participants were measured by BIA, including body fat mass (BFM), body fat percent (BFP), and waist-to-hip fat ratio. Parameters of metabolic syndrome (MetS) were also measured, including waist circumference, blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, blood level of triglyceride, cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein.ResultsAccording to univariate analysis, age, male proportion, BMI, waist circumference, body fat mass, waist-to-hip fat ratio, blood pressure, and FBG were higher in adenoma group than adenoma-free group, p < 0.05. On multivariate analysis (adjusted for age, sex, smoking, drinking, family history of CRC, etc.), High waist-to-hip fat ratio measured by BIA was associated with occurrence of CRA (compared with normal waist-to-hip fat ratio, OR 1.84; 95% CI, 1.09–3.09; p = 0.02). High waist circumference, as a component of MetS, was also independently associated with CRA (OR 1.90; 95% CI 1.17–3.08, p = 0.01).ConclusionBody fat distribution measured by BIA is associated with occurrence of CRA. Central obesity is a risk factor for CRA.Trial registration: This study was prospectively registered in Chinese Clinical Trials Registry (www.chictr.org.cn; registry number: ChiCTR-RRC-17010862).

scholarly journals Effect of Smartphone-Based Lifestyle Coaching App on Community-Dwelling Population With Moderate Metabolic Abnormalities: Randomized Controlled Trial

10.2196/17435 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. e17435 ◽  
Author(s):  
So Mi Jemma Cho ◽  
Jung Hyun Lee ◽  
Jee-Seon Shim ◽  
Hyungseon Yeom ◽  
Su Jin Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Body Fat Mass ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Diet And Exercise

Background Metabolic disorders are established precursors to cardiovascular diseases, yet they can be readily prevented with sustained lifestyle modifications. Objective We assessed the effectiveness of a smartphone-based weight management app on metabolic parameters in adults at high-risk, yet without physician diagnosis nor pharmacological treatment for metabolic syndrome, in a community setting. Methods In this 3-arm parallel-group, single-blind, randomized controlled trial, we recruited participants aged 30 to 59 years with at least 2 conditions defined by the Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program expert panel (abdominal obesity, high blood pressure, high triglycerides, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and high fasting glucose level). Participants were randomly assigned (1:1:1) by block randomization to either the nonuser group (control), the app-based diet and exercise self-logging group (app only), or the app-based self-logging and personalized coaching from professional dieticians and exercise coordinators group (app with personalized coaching). Assessments were performed at baseline, week 6, week 12, and week 24. The primary outcome was change in systolic blood pressure (between baseline and follow-up assessments). Secondary outcomes were changes in diastolic blood pressure, body weight, body fat mass, waist circumference, homeostatic model of assessment of insulin resistance, triglyceride level, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level between baseline and follow-up assessments. Analysis was performed using intention-to-treat. Results Between October 28, 2017 and May 28, 2018, 160 participants participated in the baseline screening examination. Participants (129/160, 80.6%) who satisfied the eligibility criteria were assigned to control (n=41), app only (n=45), or app with personalized coaching (n=43) group. In each group, systolic blood pressure showed decreasing trends from baseline (control: mean –10.95, SD 2.09 mmHg; app only: mean –7.29, SD 1.83 mmHg; app with personalized coaching: mean –7.19, SD 1.66 mmHg), yet without significant difference among the groups (app only: P=.19; app with personalized coaching: P=.16). Instead, those in the app with personalized coaching group had greater body weight reductions (control: mean –0.12, SD 0.30 kg; app only: mean –0.35, SD 0.36 kg, P=.67; app with personalized coaching: mean –0.96, SD 0.37 kg; P=.08), specifically by body fat mass reduction (control: mean –0.13, SD 0.34 kg; app only: mean –0.64, SD 0.38 kg, P=.22; app with personalized coaching: mean –0.79, SD 0.38 kg; P=.08). Conclusions Simultaneous diet and exercise self-logging and persistent lifestyle modification coaching were ineffective in lowering systolic blood pressure but effective in losing weight and reducing body fat mass. These results warrant future implementation studies of similar models of care on a broader scale in the context of primary prevention. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03300271; http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03300271

scholarly journals Effect of pomegranate extract on blood pressure and anthropometry in adults: a double-blind placebo-controlled randomised clinical trial

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Stockton ◽  
G. Farhat ◽  
Gordon J. McDougall ◽  
E. A. S Al-Dujaili
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Lean Body Mass ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Antioxidant Properties

AbstractPomegranate (Punica granatum), a polyphenol-rich fruit, has been suggested to reduce cardiovascular risk due to its antioxidant properties. Hypertension and obesity are the most preventable cardiovascular risk factors. Few studies on blood pressure and/or body-weight status have been conducted in human subjects. Previous investigations have tended to focus on pomegranate juice. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of pomegranate extract (PE) on blood pressure and anthropometric measures in adults with no symptomatic disease. A total of fifty-five participants enrolled in a randomised double-blinded placebo-controlled clinical trial where they were assigned to either PE capsules or placebo capsules for 8 weeks. Blood pressure, body weight, waist circumference, waist:hip ratio (WHR) and body composition (lean body mass, body fat) were measured at baseline, week 4 and week 8. Results showed a significant decrease in diastolic blood pressure after 8 weeks (by 2·79 (sd 5·32) mmHg; P < 0·05), while the decrease in systolic blood pressure did not reach statistical significance (2·57 (sd 7·4) mmHg; P > 0·05). Body fat percentage, lean body mass, waist circumference and WHR did not significantly differ between groups at the end of the intervention. Results suggest that PE may reduce blood pressure and possibly prevent hypertension in the normotensive population. Further large trials are required to elucidate this effect.

scholarly journals Effect of Smartphone-Based Lifestyle Coaching App on Community-Dwelling Population With Moderate Metabolic Abnormalities: Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
So Mi Jemma Cho ◽  
Jung Hyun Lee ◽  
Jee-Seon Shim ◽  
Hyungseon Yeom ◽  
Su Jin Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Body Fat Mass ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Diet And Exercise

BACKGROUND Metabolic disorders are established precursors to cardiovascular diseases, yet they can be readily prevented with sustained lifestyle modifications. OBJECTIVE We assessed the effectiveness of a smartphone-based weight management app on metabolic parameters in adults at high-risk, yet without physician diagnosis nor pharmacological treatment for metabolic syndrome, in a community setting. METHODS In this 3-arm parallel-group, single-blind, randomized controlled trial, we recruited participants aged 30 to 59 years with at least 2 conditions defined by the Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program expert panel (abdominal obesity, high blood pressure, high triglycerides, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and high fasting glucose level). Participants were randomly assigned (1:1:1) by block randomization to either the nonuser group (control), the app-based diet and exercise self-logging group (app only), or the app-based self-logging and personalized coaching from professional dieticians and exercise coordinators group (app with personalized coaching). Assessments were performed at baseline, week 6, week 12, and week 24. The primary outcome was change in systolic blood pressure (between baseline and follow-up assessments). Secondary outcomes were changes in diastolic blood pressure, body weight, body fat mass, waist circumference, homeostatic model of assessment of insulin resistance, triglyceride level, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level between baseline and follow-up assessments. Analysis was performed using intention-to-treat. RESULTS Between October 28, 2017 and May 28, 2018, 160 participants participated in the baseline screening examination. Participants (129/160, 80.6%) who satisfied the eligibility criteria were assigned to control (n=41), app only (n=45), or app with personalized coaching (n=43) group. In each group, systolic blood pressure showed decreasing trends from baseline (control: mean –10.95, SD 2.09 mmHg; app only: mean –7.29, SD 1.83 mmHg; app with personalized coaching: mean –7.19, SD 1.66 mmHg), yet without significant difference among the groups (app only: <i>P</i>=.19; app with personalized coaching: <i>P</i>=.16). Instead, those in the app with personalized coaching group had greater body weight reductions (control: mean –0.12, SD 0.30 kg; app only: mean –0.35, SD 0.36 kg, <i>P</i>=.67; app with personalized coaching: mean –0.96, SD 0.37 kg; <i>P</i>=.08), specifically by body fat mass reduction (control: mean –0.13, SD 0.34 kg; app only: mean –0.64, SD 0.38 kg, <i>P</i>=.22; app with personalized coaching: mean –0.79, SD 0.38 kg; <i>P</i>=.08). CONCLUSIONS Simultaneous diet and exercise self-logging and persistent lifestyle modification coaching were ineffective in lowering systolic blood pressure but effective in losing weight and reducing body fat mass. These results warrant future implementation studies of similar models of care on a broader scale in the context of primary prevention. CLINICALTRIAL ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03300271; http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03300271

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