Cardiac-Autonomic and Hemodynamic Responses to a Hypertonic, Sugar-Sweetened Sports Beverage in Physically Active Men

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Christiani ◽  
Gregory J Grosicki ◽  
Andrew A Flatt
Keyword(s):  
Water Intake ◽  
Fluid Intake ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Random Order ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Water Control ◽  
Hemodynamic Responses ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Overnight Fasting ◽  
Sports Beverage

Hydration practices may confound heart rate variability (HRV) measurements when collected in the pre-training period. We aimed to determine the effects of ingesting a hypertonic, sugar-sweetened sports beverage on HRV and hemodynamic parameters in physically active young men. Fifteen subjects consumed 591 ml of Gatorade (6% carbohydrate, ~330 mOsmol/kg), 591 ml water, or 10 ml water (control) in random order on separate days following overnight fasting. HRV and hemodynamics were evaluated in 5-min windows immediately before (T1) and 5-10 min (T2), 25-30 min (T3), 40-45 min (T4), and 55-60 min (T5) post-drinking. Root-mean square of successive differences and the standard deviation of normal RR intervals increased post-water intake at all time-points relative to T1 (P <0.05). No increases were observed post-Gatorade intake, though small effect sizes (ES) were noted at T2 and T3 (P >0.05, ES = 0.27 - 0.32). Systemic vascular resistance increased at T2 post-Gatorade intake and at T2 and T3 post-water intake (P <0.05). No interactions were observed for blood pressure measures, stroke volume, or cardiac output. Gatorade does not evoke cardiovascular adjustments to the same magnitude as water. Practitioners should wait at least 45 min to record HRV post-Gatorade intake and >60 min post-water intake. Key Findings: ● Equal volumes of cold water and Gatorade produce inequivalent cardiac-autonomic and hemodynamic responses. ● HRV responses of greater amplitude and duration were observed following intake of water versus Gatorade. ● Failure to account for recent fluid intake may result in misinterpretation of autonomic status.

scholarly journals Changes of Ankle Dorsiflexion Using Compression Tissue Flossing: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Devin S. Kielur ◽  
Cameron J. Powden
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Effect Size ◽  
Evidence Synthesis ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Lower Extremity Injury ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Evidence Database

Context: Impaired dorsiflexion range of motion (DFROM) has been established as a predictor of lower-extremity injury. Compression tissue flossing (CTF) may address tissue restrictions associated with impaired DFROM; however, a consensus is yet to support these effects. Objectives: To summarize the available literature regarding CTF on DFROM in physically active individuals. Evidence Acquisition: PubMed and EBSCOhost (CINAHL, MEDLINE, and SPORTDiscus) were searched from 1965 to July 2019 for related articles using combination terms related to CTF and DRFOM. Articles were included if they measured the immediate effects of CTF on DFROM. Methodological quality was assessed using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database scale. The level of evidence was assessed using the Strength of Recommendation Taxonomy. The magnitude of CTF effects from pre-CTF to post-CTF and compared with a control of range of motion activities only were examined using Hedges g effect sizes and 95% confidence intervals. Randomeffects meta-analysis was performed to synthesize DFROM changes. Evidence Synthesis: A total of 6 studies were included in the analysis. The average Physiotherapy Evidence Database score was 60% (range = 30%–80%) with 4 out of 6 studies considered high quality and 2 as low quality. Meta-analysis indicated no DFROM improvements for CTF compared with range of motion activities only (effect size = 0.124; 95% confidence interval, −0.137 to 0.384; P = .352) and moderate improvements from pre-CTF to post-CTF (effect size = 0.455; 95% confidence interval, 0.022 to 0.889; P = .040). Conclusions: There is grade B evidence to suggest CTF may have no effect on DFROM when compared with a control of range of motion activities only and results in moderate improvements from pre-CTF to post-CTF. This suggests that DFROM improvements were most likely due to exercises completed rather than the band application.

Advancing Cold Water Intake Riser Design through Model Test

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peimin Cao ◽  
Sherry Xiang ◽  
Jingxi He ◽  
Steve Kibbee ◽  
Sean Bian
Keyword(s):  
Water Intake ◽  
Model Test ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Riser Design

Drinking Behavior and Perception of Thirst in Untrained Women during 6 Weeks of Heat Acclimation and Outdoor Training

2003 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer K. Ormerod ◽  
Tabatha A. Elliott ◽  
Timothy P. Scheett ◽  
Jaci L. VanHeest ◽  
Lawrence E. Armstrong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Intake ◽  
Physiological Response ◽  
Response Pattern ◽  
Fluid Intake ◽  
Drinking Behavior ◽  
Heat Acclimation ◽  
Acclimation Period ◽  
Outdoor Training

The purposes of this study were to characterize measures of fluid intake and perception of thirst in women over a 6-week period of exercise-heat acclimation and outdoor training and examine if this lengthy acclimation period would result in changes in fluid intake that differ from those previously reported in men utilizing a shorter acclimation protocol of 8–10 days. Voluntary water intake (11–17 °C) and perception of thirst were measured in a group of 5 women (21–26 yr) undergoing exercise-heat acclimation for 90 min/day, 3 days/wk (36 °C, rh 50–70%) and outdoor training 3 days/wk for 6 weeks. Decreased drinking during acclimation was characterized by a decrease in the number of drinks (35 ± 10 to 17 ± 5; p < .05), greater time to first drink (9.9 ± 2.0 to 23.1 ± 4.7 min; p < .05), and a decrease in total volume ingested per week (3310 ± 810 to 1849 ± 446 ml; p < .05) through the 6-week study. Mean perceived thirst measurements remained low and showed only slight variance (3 ± 0.4 to 5 ± 0.4). These observations support a psycho-physiological response pattern different than that previously observed during 8–10 day acclimation protocols in men.

Polyuria and imparied ADH release following medial preoptic lesioning in the rat

1975 ◽  
Vol 228 (5) ◽  
pp. 1293-1297 ◽  
Author(s):  
M van Gemert ◽  
M Miller ◽  
RJ Carey ◽  
AM Moses
Keyword(s):  
Water Intake ◽  
Fluid Intake ◽  
Plasma Osmolality ◽  
Histological Evidence ◽  
Impaired Ability ◽  
Access To Water ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Urine Concentrating Ability ◽  
Supraoptic Nuclei

Studies were carried out in the rat to detemine if hypothalamic lesions which caused polydipsia and polyuria had their effect mediated through an alteration of the ability of the neurohypophyseal system to release ADH. Rats with medial preoptic lesions hadincreased water intake while on ad libitum access to water and slightly impaired ability to conserve water following dehydration, but with no impairment of urine-concentrating ability. These were associated with an increase in plasma osmolality both during ad libitum fluid intake and after dehydration. Urinary ADH excretion was at leastas great as in shamoperated controls during ad libitum water intake, but failed to increase during dehydration in spite of a marked increase in plasma osmolality. Pituitary ADH content did not differ from control animals either during ad libitum water intake of after dehydration. Animals with lesions in the lateral preoptic and septal areas did not differ from control animals during ad libitum fluid intake and after dehydration even though lateral preoptic lesions produced polydipsia. In all animals, lesions were remote from the supraoptic nuclei, which showed no histological evidence of damage. It is concluded thatareas of the central nervous system away from the supraoptic nuclei are involved in the regulation of both water intake and ADH release.

scholarly journals Effect of Commercially Available Sugar-Sweetened Beverages on Subjective Appetite and Short-Term Food Intake in Boys

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly Poirier ◽  
Julia Totosy de Zepetnek ◽  
Lorianne Bennett ◽  
Neil Brett ◽  
Terence Boateng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Random Order ◽  
Chocolate Milk ◽  
Water Control ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Sugar Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Beverage Consumption ◽  
Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Fruit Drink ◽  
Regulatory Controls

It is unclear whether sugar sweetened beverages bypass regulatory controls of food intake (FI) in boys. The objective of the present study was to determine the effects of isovolumetric preloads (350 mL) of a fruit-flavoured drink (154 kcal), cola (158 kcal), 1% M.F. chocolate milk (224 kcal), and water (0 kcal) on subjective appetite and FI in boys aged 9–14 years. On four separate mornings, boys consumed one of the preloads in a random order; subjective appetite was measured at 15 min intervals, and FI was measured via an ad libitum pizza lunch at 60 min post-beverage consumption. In the 32 boys (age: 11.8 ± 0.3 years), FI was reduced (p < 0.001) after cola (940 ± 46 kcal) and chocolate milk (878 ± 41 kcal) compared with the water control (1048 ± 35 kcal) and after chocolate milk compared to the fruit drink (1005 ± 44 kcal). Cumulative FI after the fruit drink was greater than the water control (1159 ± 44 vs. 1048 ± 35 kcal; p = 0.03). Average appetite was not affected by the treatment, but the cola treatment resulted in greater fullness (p = 0.04) and lower prospective food consumption (p = 0.004) compared with the fruit drink. In conclusion, chocolate milk and cola suppressed next-meal FI at 60 min, while fruit drink increased cumulative FI (beverage + next meal) over 60 min in boys. Results from this study suggest that beverage composition is an important determinant of FI suppression in boys.

scholarly journals Hydration Status: Influence of Exercise and Diet Quality

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 414-423
Author(s):  
Ismael San Mauro Martín ◽  
Elena Garicano Vilar ◽  
Denisse Aracely Romo Orozco ◽  
Paula Mendive Dubourdieu ◽  
Victor Paredes Barato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Water Intake ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Fluid Intake ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Hydration Status ◽  
Total Water ◽  
Essential Components ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Total Water Intake

Physical activity, adherence to a healthy diet, and healthy beverage pattern are considered essential components of a healthy lifestyle. We aimed to evaluate the associations between physical exercise, diet quality, and total fluid intake, along with fluid recommendations compliance in a sample of adults. Data on fluid intake from different types of beverages were collected in a cross-sectional study, in 1161 men and women between 18 and 65 years of age, using a fluid-specific diary. Exercise was evaluated with a self-reported questionnaire, and quality of diet was assessed using the Healthy Eating Index-2010 (HEI). Mean volume of water consumed was 1497.5 mL for men, 1309.5 mL for women. A total of 37.4% did not follow the recommendations of the European Food Safety Agency for total water intake. There was a statistically significant difference ( P = .002) between total water intake and follow-up of recommendations, as well as for sex ( P < .001). Mean HEI-2010 score was 65.21. There were no statistically significant differences ( P = .301) in HEI index among better or worse hydration. Sport variables had influence on milliliters of water consumed ( P < .001). Participants who engaged in more physical exercise exhibit a healthier pattern of fluid intake. Healthy individuals with the highest scores for HEI-2010 did not present the healthiest beverage patterns.

scholarly journals Awareness of dehydration state and fluid intake practice among adults population in the Jazan Region of Saudi Arabia, 2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osama B. Albasheer ◽  
Abdullah Hakami ◽  
Abdullah A. Al Faqih ◽  
Ibrahim Akkam ◽  
Safwan K. Soraihy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Water Intake ◽  
Fluid Intake ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Good Knowledge ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hot Climate ◽  
Daily Water Intake

Abstract Despite the hot climate and high humidity in the Jazan Region of Saudi Arabia, which increases risk for dehydration, no previous studies have assessed awareness of dehydration and fluid intake practice among adults in this region. Therefore, the aim of this cross-sectional study was to determine awareness of the dehydration state and fluid intake practices among 440 adults in the Jazan Region of Saudi Arabia. Out of the total, 51⋅8 % were male and 48⋅2 % were females. Good knowledge of dehydration definition and prevention and recommended minimum water intake was observed in 98, 95 and 75 % of the participants, respectively. Fifty-nine percent of the participants met the minimum daily requirement of 3 l or more per day. The age (95 % CI 1⋅003, 1⋅017, P value = 0⋅006), diabetes (95 % CI 1⋅028, 1⋅459, P value = 0⋅023) and prior hospitalisation due to dehydration (95 % CI 1⋅010, 1⋅378, P value = 0⋅037) were associated with higher water intake. Additional glasses of coffee (95 % CI 1⋅02, 1⋅115, P value = 0⋅004) and juice (95 % CI 1⋅039, 1⋅098, P value < 0⋅001) were associated with more water intake. The participants exhibited good knowledge of dehydration definition, symptoms and consequences. Intake of fluids such as ‘juice and coffee’ enhances more water intake. Although two-thirds of the participants met the recommended daily water intake, still one-third of them did not meet this level. Innovative approaches to enhance healthy drinking are warranted and may include partnering with patients to take an active role in hydration monitoring and increasing communication with the different healthcare providers.

scholarly journals Drinking Water Upon Awakening, a Habit Related To a Higher Total Fluid Intake and Water Intake

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabelle Guelinckx ◽  
Rizki Pohan ◽  
Romain Monrozier ◽  
Saptawati Bardosono
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Intake ◽  
Fluid Intake ◽  
Total Fluid Intake ◽  
Total Fluid

scholarly journals Harmonized Cross-Sectional Surveys Focused on Fluid Intake in Children, Adolescents and Adults: The Liq.In7 Initiative

2016 ◽  
Vol 68 (Suppl. 2) ◽  
pp. 12-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Homero Martinez ◽  
Isabelle Guelinckx ◽  
Jordi Salas-Salvadó ◽  
Joan Gandy ◽  
Stavros A. Kavouras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Water Intake ◽  
Fluid Intake ◽  
Major Contributor ◽  
Adequate Intake ◽  
Total Fluid Intake ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increase Water Intake ◽  
Adolescents And Adults ◽  
Total Fluid

Objective: To assess the intake of water and all other beverages in children, adolescents and adults. Methods: Three thousand six hundred eleven children (8 ± 2 years), 8,109 adolescents (13 ± 2 years) and 16,276 adults (40 ± 14 years) (47% men) were recruited in 15 cross-sectional surveys (liquid intake across 7 days, Liq.In7 study) and completed a 7-day fluid-specific record to assess total fluid intake (TFI), where TFI was defined as the sum of drinking water and other type of beverages. Results: The median TFI was 1.2, 1.2 and 1.8 liters/day in children, adolescents and adults respectively, with important differences observed between countries. Only 39% of children, 25% of adolescents and 51% of adults met the European Food Safety Authority adequate intake (AI) recommendations of water from fluids. In the surveys of Spain, France, Belgium, Germany, Turkey, Iran, Indonesia and China, water was the major contributor (47-78%) to TFI. In the adult surveys of UK, Poland, Japan and Argentina, hot beverages were the highest contributor to TFI. The fluid intake of children and adolescents in Mexico, Brazil, Argentina and Uruguay was characterized by a contribution of juices and sweet beverages that was as important as the contribution of water to TFI. Conclusion: Given that a relatively high proportion of subjects, especially children and adolescents, failed to meet the recommended AI of water from fluids and that water intake was not the highest contributor to TFI in all countries, undertaking actions to increase water intake are warranted.

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