STUDIES OF THE CULTURE OF ATROPELLIS PINIPHILA

1961 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 1521-1529 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Hopkins
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Optimum Ph ◽  
Ammonium Succinate ◽  
Cardinal Temperatures

Isolates of Atropellis piniphila were grown from single ascospores, and from cankers on lodgepole pine. A variety of media were tested for their capacity to support growth of the isolates. Descriptions of cultural and microscopical characters were prepared. Endoconidia were produced abundantly by most of the isolates after growth at 50%, or higher, relative humidity, but they were absent from most of the cultures which had been grown at 10% relative humidity. Attempts to grow apothecia in culture were unsuccessful. The cardinal temperatures for growth occurred at 4°, 18°, and at 24 °C. The optimum pH for growth in buffered media occurred at between 3.0 and 4.0. In media containing varying concentrations of carbon and nitrogen, growth was maximal on those containing 4% dextrose and 0.4% ammonium succinate. Of seven vitamins tested, a deficiency for thiamine alone was demonstrated.

Modeling the effects of fire and climate change on carbon and nitrogen storage in lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta) stands

2009 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 535-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. A. H. SMITHWICK ◽  
M. G. RYAN ◽  
D. M. KASHIAN ◽  
W. H. ROMME ◽  
D. B. TINKER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Pinus Contorta ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Nitrogen Storage ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen

EFFECT OF PROCESSING AND STORAGE ON THE QUALITY OF GELOSE FROM IRISH MOSS (CHONDRUS CRISPUS)

1948 ◽  
Vol 26f (3) ◽  
pp. 160-167
Author(s):  
D. MacDougall
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Chondrus Crispus ◽  
Irish Moss ◽  
Optimum Ph ◽  
Processing And Storage ◽  
And Storage

Irish moss (Chondrus crispus) from Canada's east coast was used to study possible improvements in the production and storage of gelose. The optimum pH for the extraction of gelose from Irish moss was between 6 and 7. Fine leaf particles, which prevent rapid filtration, were readily removed by supercentrifuging. Comparison of drum drying and drying from the frozen state showed that the former caused a marked lowering of viscosity but had little effect on suspending power or jelly strength. The logarithm of the viscosity determined by means of a MacMichael viscosimeter was related directly to the concentration; therefore, viscosity measurements can be corrected for the moisture content of the samples. The effect of storage temperature on deterioration was greater than the effect of relative humidity. Samples stored at 0° and 40° F. for 12 weeks showed no significant changes in viscosity or suspending power, whereas those stored at 80° and 120° F. deteriorated very rapidly. Material was vacuum ice-dried to 2% moisture without damage but the quality decreased when the extracts were stored at high temperatures.

scholarly journals Assessment of the flocculating potentials of Alcaligenes faecalis Isolated from the Estuary of Sodwana Bay

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Anthony M. Ugbenyen ◽  
Thandakile A. Madonsela ◽  
John J. Simonis ◽  
Albertus K. Basson
Keyword(s):  
Time Course ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Alcaligenes Faecalis ◽  
Inoculum Size ◽  
Production Potential ◽  
Inoculum Sources ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Flocculating Activity ◽  
Optimum Ph ◽  
Time Courses

AbstractAlcaligenes faecaliswas previously isolated from Sodwana Bay, South Africa and was shown to be a bioflocculant producing microorganism. The bioflocculant production potential was further assessed through the optimization of the standardized culture media. The production of biofloculant as well as the flocculation was evaluated using different variables such as the size of inoculum, sources of carbon and nitrogen, time course and pH. Through optimizationA. faecalisshowed an improvement in the production of its bioflocculant and also flocculating activity for the following factors: flocculating activity of 71% for an inoculum size of 1%. The bioflocculant produced when maltose was used as source of carbon, showed flocculating activity of 91%, urea, as the most efficient nitrogen source, showed a flocculating activity of 97%, the optimum pH was 9. The time courses analysis between 60 and 72 hours showed the peak for flocculation and by implication highest level of bioflocculant production.

ISOLATION OF SEAWEED ASSOCIATED BACTERIA'S AND THEIR PRODUCTION OF BIOPOLYMER BY SOLID-STATE FERMENTATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (7) ◽  
pp. 134-141
Author(s):  
Viswapriya B ◽  
Balamurugan V ◽  
Jayaprakash K
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Source ◽  
Plastic Material ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Peak Time ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Optimum Ph ◽  
Other Substances ◽  
Continuous Use

Plastic material is any of a wide range of synthetic or semi-synthetic organic solids that are moldable. Plastics are typically organic polymers of high molecular mass, but they often contain other substances. They are usually synthetic, most commonly derived from petrochemicals, but many are partially natural. Environmental pollution by the disposal of non-degradable conventional plastics is a fast-growing problem worldwide, especially in India. Nowadays, plastics are replacing by other constructional materials like glass, wood, metal in numerous applications. In this study, there has been considerable interest in the development and production of biodegradable polymer to solve the current problem of pollution caused by the continuous use of synthetic polymer from seaweed associated Bactria. . Based on the dry weight of total biopolymer content, the strain SBT 09 showed maximum accumulation and selected for optimizing at different pH, temperature, salinity, carbon, and nitrogen source and the peak time of PHB accumulation. Based on the biochemical tests, the strain SBT 09 was found.The optimum pH, temperature, and salinity were found to be 7, 300C, and 5%. The peak time of PHB accumulation was found to be 36hrs. The best carbon and nitrogen source was found to be sucrose and (NH4)2 HPO4. The selected strain was mass cultured using the optimized media and PHB was extracted by solvent extraction. Keywords: Marine Bacteria, PHB, Biosynthesis, Biopolymer.

Production and Optimization of Cellulase Activity of Thermomonospora Viridis Isolated From Rice Straw

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 395-404
Author(s):  
Faozia Faleha Sadida ◽  
Ma Manchur
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Cellulase Activity ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Cellulase Production ◽  
Tetraacetic Acid ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Optimum Ph

A highly cellulolytic actinomycete SR1 was locally isolated from rice straw and provisionally identified as Thermomonospora viridis. Optimum pH, temperature, carbon and nitrogen sources for its cellulase production were 6.5, 35°C, Carboxymethyl cellulase (CMC) and yeast extract, respectively whereas those of cellulase activity were 7.5, 40°C, CMC and peptone respectively. The effects of various metal ions and different reductant and inhibitors on its cellulase activity were investigated. Univalent Ag+ was found to decrease the enzyme activity whereas increased by bivalent Mg2+. Ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) caused remarkable decrease of cellulase activity but β-Mercaptoethanol stimulated its cellulase activity. Bangladesh J. Bot. 50(2): 395-404, 2021 (June)

Cone moisture and relative humidity effects on seed release from lodgepole pine cones from Alberta

1982 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 102-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. Hellum
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Moisture Loss ◽  
Humidity Effects ◽  
Seed Extraction ◽  
Pine Cones

Cones from two stands of lodgepole pine (Pinuscontorta Dougl. var. latifolia Engelm.) from southwestern Alberta were bulked for approximately 10 trees per location. The effects of cone moisture content and relative humidities (RH) on seed release within the extraction kiln were noted.Cone moisture content was the most important factor for seed extraction and the greater the moisture loss the more seed was released. Kiln RH of 10, 15, and 20% were equally effective, as was dropping the RH from 20 to 10% during extraction. A final RH of < 10% probably is required for full seed release.

scholarly journals Characterization of Azo Reduction Activity in a Novel Ascomycete Yeast Strain

2004 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 2279-2288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrícia A. Ramalho ◽  
M. Helena Cardoso ◽  
A. Cavaco-Paulo ◽  
M. Teresa Ramalho
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Source ◽  
Azo Dye ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Resting Cells ◽  
Mineral Salts ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Azo Reduction ◽  
Optimum Ph ◽  
Dye Reduction ◽  
Ascomycete Yeast

ABSTRACT Several model azo dyes are reductively cleaved by growing cultures of an ascomycete yeast species, Issatchenkia occidentalis. In liquid media containing 0.2 mM dye and 2% glucose in a mineral salts base, more than 80% of the dyes are removed in 15 h, essentially under microaerophilic conditions. Under anoxic conditions, decolorization does not occur, even in the presence of pregrown cells. Kinetic assays of azo reduction activities in quasi-resting cells demonstrated the following: (i) while the optimum pH depends on dye structure, the optimum pH range was observed in the acidic range; (ii) the maximum decolorizing activity occurs in the late exponential phase; and (iii) the temperature profile approaches the typical bell-shaped curve. These results indirectly suggest the involvement of an enzyme activity in azo dye reduction. The decolorizing activity of I. occidentalis is still observed, although at a lower level, when the cells switch to aerobic respiration at the expense of ethanol after glucose exhaustion in the culture medium. Decolorization ceased when all the ethanol was consumed; this observation, along with other lines of evidence, suggests that azo dye reduction depends on cell growth. Anthraquinone-2-sulfonate, a redox mediator, enhances the reduction rates of the N,N-dimethylaniline-based dyes and reduces those of the 2-naphthol-based dyes, an effect which seems to be compatible with a thermodynamic factor. The dye reduction products were tested as carbon and nitrogen sources. 1-Amino-2-naphthol was used as a carbon and nitrogen source, and N,N-dimethyl-p-phenylenediamine was used only as a nitrogen source. Sulfanilic and metanilic acids did not support growth either as a carbon or nitrogen source.

Optimization of poly-β-hydroxybutyrate production by halotolerant bacterial strains isolated from saline environment

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (08) ◽  
pp. 4775 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nabila Fathima ◽  
Veena Gayathri Krishnaswamy*
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Saline Environment ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Nacl Concentration ◽  
Phb Production ◽  
Optimum Ph ◽  
Nitrogen Ratio

PHB is a biodegradable plastic which is becoming an environmentally friendly substitute to the synthetic plastics that are persistent and accumulate in large amounts and are non-degradable. PHB is a class of Polyhydroxyalkanoate which are similar to commercial plastics like polypropylene but with an added advantage of being biodegradable. To overcome the problem of commercializing PHB production by microorganisms because of the high cost involved, Halotolerant organisms can be used as they are easier to cultivate and do not require strict sterile conditions. In this present study PHB producing halotolerant bacterial strains were isolated from a marine environment and cultivated under saline conditions. The growth conditions of the bacterial strains were optimized for maximum production of PHB. The parameters such as pH, temperature, NaCl concentration, carbon sources, nitrogen sources and carbon and nitrogen ratio were optimized and studied.  The growth conditions for each of the parameter were optimized and the PHB production was estimated for the bacterial strains under saline conditions. The optimum pH and temperature range yielded maximum PHB production of about 42 – 45 mg/100ml and 30 – 40 mg/100ml respectively. The perspective application of PHB could be in the medicinal field for manufacturing medical devices as implants for various surgeries such as dental, cranio – maxillofacial and dental surgeries. 

Metabolic signalling and the partitioning of resources in plant storage organs

1999 ◽  
Vol 133 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
NIGEL G. HALFORD
Keyword(s):  
Dry Weight ◽  
Wild Relatives ◽  
Crop Plants ◽  
Wild Plants ◽  
Young Plant ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Cultivated Potato ◽  
Metabolic Signalling ◽  
Storage Organs ◽  
Plant Storage

The most important harvested organs of crop plants, such as seeds, tubers and fruits, are often described as assimilate sinks. They play little or no part in the fixation of carbon through the production of sugars through photosynthesis, or in the uptake of nitrogen and sulphur, but import these assimilated resources to support metabolism and to store them in the form of starch, oils and proteins. Wild plants store resources in seeds and tubers to later support an emergent young plant. Cultivated crops are effectively storing resources to provide us with food and many have been bred to accumulate much more than would be required otherwise. For example, approximately 80% of a cultivated potato plant's dry weight is contained in its tubers, ten times the proportion in the tubers of its wild relatives (Inoue & Tanaka 1978). Cultivation and breeding has brought about a shift in the partitioning of carbon and nitrogen assimilate between the organs of the plant.

Precipitation in silicon: Microanalysis

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 474-475
Author(s):  
R.W. Carpenter
Keyword(s):  
Transition Metals ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Thin Foil ◽  
Precipitation Reaction ◽  
High Current ◽  
Reaction Products ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Dielectric Layers ◽  
Precipitation Processes ◽  
Areas Of Interest

Interest in precipitation processes in silicon appears to be centered on transition metals (for intrinsic and extrinsic gettering), and oxygen and carbon in thermally aged materials, and on oxygen, carbon, and nitrogen in ion implanted materials to form buried dielectric layers. A steadily increasing number of applications of microanalysis to these problems are appearing. but still far less than the number of imaging/diffraction investigations. Microanalysis applications appear to be paced by instrumentation development. The precipitation reaction products are small and the presence of carbon is often an important consideration. Small high current probes are important and cryogenic specimen holders are required for consistent suppression of contamination buildup on specimen areas of interest. Focussed probes useful for microanalysis should be in the range of 0.1 to 1nA, and estimates of spatial resolution to be expected for thin foil specimens can be made from the curves shown in Fig. 1.

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