Nitrogen requirements of the genus Linderina

1970 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 695-698 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. C. Stephen ◽  
Christina Chan
Keyword(s):  
Glutamic Acid ◽  
Organic Nitrogen ◽  
Liquid Culture ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Nitrate Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Good Growth ◽  
Poor Growth ◽  
Better Than

The influence of different nitrogen sources on the growth of Linderina was examined in liquid culture. Both species of Linderina were unable to assimilate nitrate nitrogen and nitrite seemed to be toxic. Ammonium nitrogen was used but the growth response was considerably lower than that with some organic nitrogen materials. Inclusion in the growth medium of succinic acid as a carbon source failed to improve the assimilation of ammonium.Amino nitrogen as aspartic acid and asparagine gave good growth though not as good as with L- or DL-glutamic acid. The response to DL-glutamic acid was markedly better than to the L-isomer whereas the D-isomer gave relatively poor growth.

The growth of Luffa aegyptiaca in response to various nitrogen sources and concentrations

1985 ◽  
Vol 63 (12) ◽  
pp. 2283-2287
Author(s):  
Olubukanla T. Okusanya ◽  
Olusola O. Lakanmi
Keyword(s):  
Nitrate Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Lateritic Soil ◽  
Sand Culture ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Poor Growth ◽  
Luffa Aegyptiaca

The growth responses of Luffa aegyptiaca to various nitrogen sources and concentrations were investigated. In sand culture at high concentrations of nitrogen, the species showed equally favourable responses to nitrate nitrogen (KNO3 or Ca(NO3)2), ammonium nitrogen ((NH4)2SO4), and the combination of nitrate and ammonium nitrogen (NH4NO3). There was poor growth in response to NaNO3, CO(NH2)2, and a solution lacking nitrogen. In lateritic soil, the species responded better to ammonium nitrogen and the combination of nitrate and ammonium nitrogen than to nitrate nitrogen. Growth was generally poorer in lateritic soil than in sand. Neither the nitrogen sources nor their concentrations had any significant effect on root weight or the leaf weight ratio. There was a significant decrease in growth as nitrogen concentration decreased in KNO3 and Ca(NO3)2 treatments but it was only at the low concentrations of (NH4)2SO4 and NH4NO3 that growth was significantly reduced. The shoot: root mass ratio decreased as nitrogen concentration decreased. The nature of the growth media and the ecological habit of the species are used to partly explain its responses to different nitrogen sources and concentrations. The possible application of these results to increasing the production of L. aegyptiaca is also discussed.

Nitrogen requirements of the fungal endophytes of Arundina chinensis

1971 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 407-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. C. Stephen ◽  
K. K. Fung
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Glutamic Acid ◽  
Yeast Extract ◽  
Organic Nitrogen ◽  
Fungal Endophytes ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
The Other ◽  
Atmospheric Nitrogen

The nitrogen requirements of two Rhizoctonia fungus endophytes of the orchid Arundina chinensis are reported. Both isolates were capable of using ammonium and organic nitrogen but not nitrate or atmospheric nitrogen. Glutamic acid and urea were the best of the nitrogen sources tested followed by arginine, then asparagine. Proline and methionine were not used. The addition of a mixture of vitamins to the amino acids increased growth of one of the isolates but not the other. Yeast extract supported greatest growth.

NITRIFICATION OF SEWAGE SLUDGE USING MISCIBLE DISPLACEMENT AND PERFUSION TECHNIQUES

1975 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 467-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. E. STEWART ◽  
C. T. CORKE ◽  
E. G. BEAUCHAMP ◽  
L. R. WEBBER
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Organic Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrate Nitrogen ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Miscible Displacement ◽  
Digested Sludge ◽  
Displacement Experiments ◽  
Digested Sewage Sludge ◽  
Lower Flow Rate

Miscible displacement and soil perfusion techniques were used to study the transformations of nitrogen in fractions of anaerobically digested sewage sludge. In miscible displacement experiments the rates of nitrification of NH4+-N of supernates of sludge were 115 μg NO3−-N/g soil/day at a flow rate of 0.17 cm h−1, and 81 μg NO3−-N/g soil/day at the lower flow rate of 0.10 cm h−1. The soil perfusion experiments indicated that only the ammonium-nitrogen of the sludge solids was oxidized to nitrate-nitrogen. The rates of nitrification of sludge were 37 μg NO3−-N/g soil/day for an application of 5.0 cm ha−1 and 15 μg NO3−-N/g soil/day for a sludge application equivalent to 2.5 cm ha−1. The experiments were not of sufficient duration to determine that mineralization of the organic-nitrogen in the digested sludge and subsequent nitrification occurred.

Effect of various nitrogen sources on growth of Sclerotinia

1968 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 1035-1037 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. B. Willis
Keyword(s):  
Glutamic Acid ◽  
Sodium Nitrite ◽  
Calcium Nitrate ◽  
Casein Hydrolysate ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Nitrate Sources ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Potassium Nitrite

A wide range in growth responses was obtained by two isolates each of Sclerotinia trifoliorum Erikss. and S. sclerotiorum (Lib.) d By. in stationary culture in a synthetic liquid medium containing a number of nitrogen sources representing both organic and inorganic forms. Good sources of nitrogen were casein hydrolysate, L-proline, DL-asparagine, L-arginine, L-glutamic acid, L-aspartic acid, L-histidine, L-alanine, ammonium chloride, ammonium nitrate, L-tryptophan, ammonium sulfate, and DL-phenylalanine. Poor nitrogen sources included potassium nitrite, sodium nitrite, DL-lysine, L-valine, L-cysteine, DL-threonine, and DL-methionine. An additional eight sources were intermediate in the amount of growth supported. Growth by the S. trifoliorum isolates on the ammonium nitrogen sources was significantly greater than on the nitrate sources. No such difference was observed for the S. sclerotiorum isolates. DL-Phenylalanine ranked much lower and L-glutamic acid and calcium nitrate much higher as nitrogen sources for the S. sclerotiorum isolates than for S. trifoliorum isolates. Significant differences between the isolates of each species were observed on a number of nitrogen sources.

scholarly journals Factors influencing mycelial growth of Sclerotium rolfsii

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 26-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Imdramani Bhagat
Keyword(s):  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Organic Nitrogen ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Sclerotium Rolfsii ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Maximum Growth ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
The World ◽  
Better Than

Sclerotial blight of tea (Camellia sinensis L.) caused by Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. is one of the destructive diseases in tea growing areas of the world. In the present investigation, an attempt was made to know the optimum conditions for the mycelial growth of S. rolfsii. Factors influencing mycelial growth of S. rolfsii were studied with special reference to their growth in different media, variable pH and variable sources of carbon (viz., 6 types) as well as organic (viz., 4 types) and inorganic (viz., 4 types) nitrogen sources. Maximum growth of pathogen occurred after 8 days of inoculation at pH 6. Dextrose was the most effective carbon source and yeast extract (organic source) was found most optimum for growth of S. rolfsii. Organic nitrogen sources were found to be better than inorganic nitrogen sources. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njbs.v1i0.7466 Nepalese Journal of Biosciences 1: 26-31 (2011)

Medium Optimization for the Production of Antioxidants from Aspergillus candidus

1999 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 657-661 ◽  
Author(s):  
GOW-CHIN YEN ◽  
YUNG-CHI CHANG
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Organic Nitrogen ◽  
Strong Influence ◽  
Medium Optimization ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Activity Inhibition ◽  
Aspergillus Candidus ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extracts

The objective of this study was to optimize the factors for the production of antioxidant from Aspergillus candidus CCRC 31543. Extracts of broth filtrate had higher antioxidant activity (inhibition of peroxidation [IP] >98%) when sucrose or lactose was used as a carbon source. Sucrose in the medium also resulted in a higher yield of extracts. Ethyl acetate extracts had the highest yield and antioxidant activity compared with the other two solvents. For the production of antioxidant, inorganic nitrogen sources were found to be more suitable than organic nitrogen sources, and ammonium sulfate was better than sodium nitrate. Yeast extract had a strong influence on the yield of antioxidant extracts. Both mycelium and broth filtrate of A. candidus CCRC 31543 showed similar antioxidant activity (IP = 95%), and they also had similar extraction yields.

Structure and chemical composition of yeast chlamydospores of Aureobasidium pullulans

1973 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert G. Brown ◽  
Louis A. Hanic ◽  
May Hsiao
Keyword(s):  
Cell Walls ◽  
Nitrate Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Nutrition ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Wall Layer ◽  
Outer Cell ◽  
Yeastlike Cells

Cellular form in Aureobasidium pullulons can be partially controlled by nitrogen nutrition. Ammonium nitrogen supports a mixture of filamentous and yeastlike growth, whereas only a few filaments develop on nitrate nitrogen. On nitrate 97% of the cell material consists of a mixture of yeastlike cells and chlamydospores. Chlamydospores are produced on both nitrogen sources; however, with ammonium nitrogen chlamydospores occur in an intercalar position, whereas nitrate nitrogen supports development of chlamydospores as separate structures containing one, two, or occasionally three cells. This mode of production allows separation of yeast chlamydospores from other cell types and subsequent isolation of their cell walls. Yeast chlamydospores and filaments have an electron dense, melanin-rich, granular, outer cell-wall layer which yeastlike cells lack. This granular material is also found in cross walls of filaments and chlamydospores. Glucose is the main component of chlamydospore walls and accounts for 36% of the dry weight. Yeastlike cell walls contain only 13% glucose, but more mannose, galactose, and bound lipid. Most of the glucan portion of chlamydospore walls is insoluble in dilute alkali; methylation analysis indicates that this material contains linear chains of (1 → 3) and (1 → 6) linked glucose. About one residue in five forms a branch point having both (1 → 3) and (1 → 6) linkages.

The organic nitrogen exigency of and effects of manganese on coremia production in Penicillium clavigerum and Penicillium claviforme

1974 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. H. Tinnell ◽  
B. L. Jefferson ◽  
R. E. Benoit
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Organic Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrate Nitrogen ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Mineral Salts ◽  
Amino Acid Nitrogen ◽  
Optimum Quantity ◽  
The Media ◽  
Penicillium Claviforme

The production of mycelium and conidia of Penicillium clavigerum and Penicillium claviforme is severely restricted if an amino acid is not present in a maltose–mineral salts medium. This requirement can be satisfied by any L-amino acid, although the optimum quantity varies with the type of amino acid. When ammonium–nitrogen is substituted for nitrate–nitrogen or amino acid–nitrogen in the P. clavigerum medium, the formation of coremia and conidia is prevented, mycelial growth is inhibited, and an orange intracellular pigment is produced. The numbers of coremia and conidia produced by both organisms are regulated by the quantity of manganese in the media.

THE UTILIZATION OF AMMONIUM CHLORIDE-15N BY UREDOSPORES OF WHEAT STEM RUST

1966 ◽  
Vol 44 (11) ◽  
pp. 1511-1518 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. B. McConnell ◽  
E. W. Underhill
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Glutamic Acid ◽  
Ammonium Chloride ◽  
Stem Rust ◽  
Organic Nitrogen ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Wheat Stem Rust ◽  
Carbon 14

When uredospores of wheat stem rust, Puccinia graminis van tritici (race 15B), were incubated with a 3 mM solution of ammonium chloride-15N, a significant amount of nitrogen 15 was converted into organic nitrogen. Most of this organic nitrogen 15 was found in the ethanol and water extracts, with lesser amounts in the buffer and in extracted spores.Amino acids extracted from the spores all contained excess nitrogen 15. Nitrogen 15 from the inorganic source was diluted by factors of 1.7 and 2.7 in free aspartic and glutamic acids respectively; these amino acids were the most heavily labeled with the isotope. Proline was the most weakly labeled amino acid, the nitrogen 15 being diluted by a factor of 102. Good incorporation of nitrogen 15 into glutamic acid compared to simultaneous poor incorporation into the biochemically related amino acid, proline, parallels previous observations made during carbon 14 experiments with rust uredospores.Fourteen "bound" amino acids were isolated after acid hydrolysis of extracted spores. All contained nitrogen 15, the dilution of the added ammonia nitrogen ranging from 96 for glutamic acid to 7660 for proline.The results are taken as evidence that uredospores of wheat stem rust can incorporate ammonium nitrogen into free amino acids and into proteins.

Nutritional requirements for growth of Cryptoporus volvatus

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (8) ◽  
pp. 2532-2534
Author(s):  
Thomas M. Pettey
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Glutamic Acid ◽  
Nitrogen Source ◽  
Agar Medium ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Nutritional Requirements ◽  
Good Growth ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Partial Deficiency

Carbon and nitrogen sources were examined in a defined agar medium to determine the nutritional requirements of Cryptoporus volvatus, a Hymenomycete. Good growth was obtained with D-glucose, D-fructose, D-mannose, D-xylose, or dextrin as the carbon source. Good growth was obtained with ammonium sulfate, casein, peptone, glutamic acid, glycine, lysine, serine, or tyrosine as the nitrogen source. In a defined agar medium, C. volvatus exhibited a deficiency for thiamine, and a partial deficiency for biotin, inositol, and pyridoxine.

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