The effect of soaking and drying seeds before planting on the germination and growth of Triticum vulgare under normal and saline conditions

The soaking of wheat seed (Triticum vulgare L.) in water or CaCl2 solutions followed by air-drying before planting accelerated the germination but did not affect the final percentage germination and subsequent growth of the seedlings under normal conditions. However, under conditions of 0.5% NaCl salinity the soaking and drying of the seeds before planting stimulated the germination and growth of the seedlings. In no case were the presowing treatments more effective in improving the germination and root and shoot growth under 0.5% NaCl salinity than under normal condition. Under 0.5% NaCl salinity the seedlings grown from treated seeds had more extensive and deeper root systems than the seedlings grown from untreated seeds. Presowing soaking of the seed failed to improve the germination under increasing salinity of 1.0 and 1.5% NaCl.

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ALLELOPATHIC POTENTIAL OF EXTRACTS AND LEACHATES OF AZADIRACHTA INDICA A. JUSS LEAVES ON GERMINATION AND GROWTH OF ELEUSINE CORACANA (L.) GAERTNER

Kongunadu Research Journal ◽

10.26524/krj109 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 129-132

Author(s):

Elavazhagan P

Keyword(s):

Azadirachta Indica ◽

Shoot Growth ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Eleusine Coracana ◽

Leaf Extracts ◽

Allelopathic Potential ◽

Root And Shoot Growth ◽

Germination And Growth

Various concentrations (5%, 10%, 15% and 20%) of leaf leachates and leaf extracts prepared from fully senesced fallen and matured leaves of Azadirachta indica A. Juss. and used for the present experiments to determine their allelopathic potential on growth and developmental changes on Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertner. Leaf leachates and leaf extracts sowed an inhibitory effect on germination percentage, root and shoot growth, and fresh and dry weight of E. coracana seedlings. The leaf extracts had more inhibitory effect at 20%concentration,than that of leaf leachates on morphological parameters of E. coracana

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Chemical composition and phytotoxicity of essential oils of Croton doctoris S. Moore (Euphorbiaceae)

Brazilian Journal of Biology ◽

10.1590/1519-6984.231957 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 82 ◽

Author(s):

A. C. S. Cândido ◽

S. P. Q. Scalon ◽

C. B. Silva ◽

E. Simionatto ◽

A. F. Morel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Essential Oils ◽

Chlorophyll Content ◽

Root Respiration ◽

Shoot Growth ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Physiological Processes ◽

Root And Shoot Growth ◽

Leaf Oil ◽

Germination And Growth ◽

Increased Activity

Abstract Essential oils from the stems and leaves of Croton doctoris were analyzed by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry, resulting in 22 identified compounds. The effects of these essential oils on the germination, root and shoot growth, total chlorophyll content, potential root respiration, peroxidase activity, catalase, superoxide dismutase, and mitotic index in lettuce and onion were determined. Antioxidant, antimicrobial, and cytotoxic activity were also investigated. The results revealed that the stem oil consisted of 15 compounds, of which caryophyllene oxide (24.5%) and E-caryophyllene (13.3%) were the major constituents. The leaf oil contained E-caryophyllene (39.6%) and α-humulene (13.2%) as major compounds. The oils inhibited the germination and growth of lettuce and onion seedlings and reduced chlorophyll content, root respiration, and cell division. They also caused oxidative stress, indicated by the increased activity of the evaluated antioxidant enzymes. These abnormal physiological processes contributed to the inhibition of plant growth. The most pronounced phytotoxic effects were observed in the stem oil. The cytotoxicity tests indicated that leaf oil was more active than stem oil, resulting from the presence of biologically active sesquiterpenes that inhibit the growth of cancer cells.

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Agricultural concepts of roots: from morphogenetic to functional equilibrium between root and shoot growth.

Netherlands Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.18174/njas.v35i4.16707 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 35 (4) ◽

pp. 487-496 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M. van Noordwijk ◽

P. de Willigen

Keyword(s):

Crop Production ◽

Shoot Growth ◽

Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽

Root Systems ◽

Nutrient Loss ◽

Rooting Depth ◽

Past Century ◽

Functional Equilibrium ◽

Nutrient Use ◽

Root And Shoot Growth

Over the past century, emphasis has changed towards water and nutrient uptake by root system ('functional equilibrium') from relations between root and shoot growth, ('morphogenetic equilibrium'). Separate optima for root growth and shoot growth can often be distinguished. Relatively small root systems can suffice for maximum crop production, provided the supply of water and nutrients is plentiful. Deep tillage or water-table lowering, intended to increase rooting depth, can be counterproductive for plant growth. Larger root systems may, however, withstand rapidly changing environmental conditions better, and may increase nutrient use efficiency or reduce nutrient loss. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)

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Growth of Rooted `Gala' Apple Microcuttings ex Vitro as Influenced by Initial Adventitious Root Count

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.28.6.664 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 28 (6) ◽

pp. 664-666 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Dennis P. Stimart ◽

James F. Harbage

Keyword(s):

Adventitious Root ◽

Significant Interaction ◽

Adventitious Roots ◽

Shoot Growth ◽

Ex Vitro ◽

Subsequent Growth ◽

Root And Shoot Growth ◽

Main Effects

The role of the number of adventitious roots of Malus domestics Borkh. `Gala' microcuttings in vitro on ex vitro root and shoot growth was investigated. Root initiation treatments consisted of IBA at 0, 0.15, 1.5, 15, and 150 μm in factorial combination with media at pH 5.5, 6.3, and 7.0. IBA concentrations significantly influenced final root count and shoot fresh and dry weights, but not plant height, leaf count, or root fresh and dry weights at 116 days. Between 0 and 0.15 μm IBA, final root counts were similar, but at 1.5, 15, and 150 μm IBA, root counts increased by 45%, 141%, and 159%, respectively, over the control. The pH levels did not affect observed characteristics significantly. There was no significant interaction between main effects. A significant positive linear relationship was found between initial and final root count. The results suggest a limited association between high initial adventitious root count and subsequent growth. Chemical name used: 1 H -indole-3-butyric acid (IBA).

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Root and crop growth of oats as affected by the length of periods of high water-table.

Netherlands Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.18174/njas.v28i1.17040 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 28 (1) ◽

pp. 20-28

Author(s):

J.J. Schuurman

Keyword(s):

Root Growth ◽

Water Table ◽

Growth Stage ◽

Shoot Growth ◽

Root Systems ◽

High Water ◽

Early Growth ◽

High Water Table ◽

Nodal Roots ◽

Root And Shoot Growth

The influence of the duration of a high water-table on root and shoot growth of oats in an early growth stage was studied. Root wt., depth of rooting and number of nodal roots with a length of < 10 cm reacted favourably on a low water-table. In this experiment shoot growth, however, hardly reacted to better root growth. This meant that the plants with restricted root growth could absorb water and nutrients as well as those with larger root systems. The fertilization of the top 0-25 cm of soil could have been an important factor in this report. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)

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Use of Dyes to Facilitate Measurement of New Root Growth of Apple

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.25.1.116 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 25 (1) ◽

pp. 116-118 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Michael A. Arnold ◽

Eric Young

Keyword(s):

Methylene Blue ◽

Adverse Effects ◽

Shoot Growth ◽

Root Systems ◽

Neutral Red ◽

Water Control ◽

Alizarin Red ◽

Effective Separation ◽

Root And Shoot Growth ◽

Safranin O

The root systems of dormant l-year-old apple (Malus domestics Borkh. `Starkrimson') grafted on seedling rootstock were dipped for 15 seconds in one of six dye treatments or a water control. Trees were destructively harvested at 15, 30, and 90 days after treatment to monitor new root and shoot growth and effectiveness of dyes for distinguishing between regenerated roots and those present at planting. Neutral red and methylene blue allowed effective separation of new and old roots through 90 days after treatment, and had few adverse effects on root or shoot growth, with a water control being the standard. Crystal violet and safranin-O allowed effective separation between regenerated and previously existing roots, but these dyes adversely affected new root and shoot growth. Alizarin red S and Hantover meat branding ink were ineffective for distinguishing between regenerated and previously existing roots by 15 days after treatment.

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Isolation and identification of IAA producing endosymbiotic bacteria from Gracillaria corticata (J. Agardh)

International Journal of Bioassays ◽

10.21746/ijbio.2016.12.0012 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 5 (12) ◽

pp. 5179

Author(s):

Ilahi Shaik* ◽

P. Janakiram ◽

Sujatha L. ◽

Sushma Chandra

Keyword(s):

Acetic Acid ◽

Culture Filtrate ◽

Indole Acetic Acid ◽

Shoot Growth ◽

High Salinity ◽

Saline Soils ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Isolation And Identification ◽

Endosymbiotic Bacteria ◽

Root And Shoot Growth

Indole acetic acid is a natural phytohormone which influence the root and shoot growth of the plants. Six (GM1-GM6) endosymbiotic bacteria are isolated from Gracilaria corticata and screened for the production of IAA out of six, three bacterial strains GM3, GM5 and GM6 produced significant amount of IAA 102.4 µg/ml 89.40 µg/ml 109.43 µg/ml respectively. Presence of IAA in culture filtrate of the above strains is further analyzed and confirmed by TLC. As these bacterial strains, able to tolerate the high salinity these can be effectively used as PGR to increase the crop yield in saline soils.

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