A COMPARISON OF THE X-RAY DIFFRACTION AND NITROGEN ADSORPTION SURFACE AREAS OF CARBON BLACKS AND CHARCOALS
The surface areas, as determined from X-ray diffraction and low temperature nitrogen adsorption data, were compared for a number of carbon blacks and activated charcoals. Comparative data were also obtained on samples of charcoal at various stages of activation and after calcination. The X-ray diffraction data indicated that all the samples examined were composed of small graphitelike crystallites of the same order of magnitude, which had specific surfaces of about 2500 to 3000 sq. m. per cc. The nitrogen adsorption surface of a highly activated charcoal was found to be about equal to the X-ray surface. It is suggested that the crystallite surface represents the potential adsorption surface of a carbonaceous material and, providing that crystal growth does not occur during activation, the activation process makes these surfaces available to external adsorbate.