Factored moment resistance of composite bridge girders with singly symmetric non-compact steel sections

1993 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 828-833 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Picard ◽  
D. Beaulieu
Keyword(s):  
Stress Distribution ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Composite Beams ◽  
Elastoplastic Analysis ◽  
Bending Resistance ◽  
Composite Section ◽  
Composite Bridge ◽  
Steel Sections ◽  
The Web ◽  
Steel Section

According to standards CAN/CSA-S6-88 and OHBDC (1983), a fully plastic stress distribution or a linear stress distribution at first yielding of the steel section should be used to determine the factored bending resistance of a composite section made of a non-compact steel section, depending upon the depth of the compression portion of the web. In this paper, an elastoplastic analysis is presented and is illustrated by an example. Comments on some clauses from the S6 Standard are also presented. Key words: bridges, composite beams, elastoplastic analysis.

scholarly journals Shear connection requirements for composite cellular beams

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleftherios Aggelopoulos ◽  
Francois Hanus ◽  
Mark Lawson
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Minimum Degree ◽  
Composite Beams ◽  
Beam Test ◽  
Current Version ◽  
Web Openings ◽  
Shear Connection ◽  
Low Degree ◽  
Steel Sections ◽  
Steel Section

Beams with regular circular web openings (cellular beams) are often used in composite construction. Rules for the minimum degree of shear connection in composite beams are presented in Eurocode 4 but were derived for solid web beams in propped construction. This paper investigates the degree of shear connection requirements for composite cellular beams, focusing on the combined effect of using a steel section with regularly spaced, large circular web openings and unpropped construction conditions. The effect of the diameter and the spacing of the openings is also investigated. In order to provide rules for the minimum degree of shear connection in cellular beams, parametric finite element (FE) analyses were carried out for beams in the span range of 9 to 18 m. The results were calibrated against a 15.3 m span composite cellular beam test with a low degree of shear connection. The proposed minimum degree of shear connection requirements for beams with regular circular web openings are presented for both propped and unpropped construction, and for symmetric and asymmetric steel sections. Comparisons are made with equivalent beams with solid webs (no openings) and it is shown that significant relaxation in the codified minimum degree of shear connection to the current version of Eurocode 4 can be justified for composite cellular beams.  

scholarly journals Part I: The Analytical Model Predicting Post-Yield Behavior of Concrete-Encased Steel Beams Considering Various Confinement Effects by Transverse Reinforcements and Steels

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (14) ◽  
pp. 2302
Author(s):  
Nguyen ◽  
Hong
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Model ◽  
Limit State ◽  
Maximum Load ◽  
Composite Beams ◽  
Steel Beams ◽  
Compression Zone ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Yield Behavior ◽  
Steel Sections ◽  
Steel Section

The purpose of the work was to propose analytical model considering double confinements (provided by both transverse reinforcements and a wide flange steel section), which was verified by the nonlinear finite element analysis considering concrete-damaged plasticity. The scope of the effort and the procedures to achieve the aim of this study included the identification of the concrete confinements provided by both transverse reinforcements and a wide flange steel section based on the elasto-plastic model in tension for both rebar/steel sections and elasto-buckling for rebars in compression. The influence of rebar buckling in the compression zone on flexural moment strength was also investigated with and without considering confining effects offered by steel sections. The analytical approach predicted a post-yield behavior of composite beams based on the confining effect offered by both the shear reinforcement and wide steel flange sections. However, for beams without axial loads, the compressive zones with high and partial confinements for concrete sections at the yield and maximum load limit state were limited when compressive buckling failure was not considered, preventing the confining factors from significantly influencing the flexural load resisting capacity. An accurate flexural capacity of composite beams can be obtained when rebar was modeled with buckling in the compression zone.

Towards Light-Weight Composite Construction: Innovative Shear Connector for Composite Beams

2013 ◽  
Vol 351-352 ◽  
pp. 427-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.O. Bamaga ◽  
M.Md. Tahir
Keyword(s):  
Composite Beam ◽  
Concrete Slab ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Composite Beams ◽  
Shear Connectors ◽  
Steel Sections ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Cold Formed Steel ◽  
Steel Section

Introducing low cost housing is one of the challenges face civil engineers now-days. Using lightweight construction materials i.e. cold formed steel sections is an alternate solution to overcome the challenge. In this study, a lightweight composite beam was introduced. It consists of cold formed steel section and profiled concrete slab. Experimental push tests were conducted to investigate the ductility and strength capacities of new and innovative shear connectors. The shear connectors were easy to form and give advantages to speed up the fabrication process of the proposed composite beam. The shear connectors showed large deformation and strength capacities. It is concluded that the proposed shear connectors could be used for lightweight composite beams.

Fuzzy Set Based Clustering Algorithm of Web Text

2014 ◽  
Vol 678 ◽  
pp. 19-22
Author(s):  
Hong Xin Wan ◽  
Yun Peng
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Fuzzy Set ◽  
Clustering Algorithm ◽  
Text Clustering ◽  
Classification Methods ◽  
Comparative Experiment ◽  
Fuzzy Algorithm ◽  
Pattern Clustering ◽  
The Web ◽  
Computing Accuracy

Web text exists non-certain and non-structure contents ,and it is difficult to cluster the text by normal classification methods. We propose a web text clustering algorithm based on fuzzy set to increase the computing accuracy with the web text. After abstracting the key words of the text, we can look it as attributes and design the fuzzy algorithm to decide the membership of the words. The algorithm can improve the algorithm complexity of time and space, increase the robustness comparing to the normal algorithm. To test the accuracy and efficiency of the algorithm, we take the comparative experiment between pattern clustering and our algorithm. The experiment shows that our method has a better result.

Local buckling capacity of C-shaped cold-formed steel sections with punched webs

1984 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Loov
Keyword(s):  
Local Buckling ◽  
Effective Width ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Average Yield ◽  
Steel Sections ◽  
Load Tests ◽  
Cold Formed Steel ◽  
Stub Column ◽  
Best Fit ◽  
The Web

Load tests were carried out on 36 stub column samples of cold-formed steel studs having 38.1 mm wide × 44.5 mm long holes punched through their webs, steel thicknesses of 1.21–2.01 mm, and overall section depths of 63–204 mm. Based on these tests a best-fit equation for the effective width of the unstiffened portion of the web beside the holes has been developed. Suggested design equations have been proposed. The test results support the present equation for the average yield stress [Formula: see text] in Canadian Standards Association Standard S136-1974 but the present code equations for unstiffened plates are unduly conservative when applied to the design of the web adjacent to openings of the size considered.

Reinforced Circular Holes in Bending With Shear

1953 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 279-285
Author(s):  
S. R. Heller
Keyword(s):  
Stress Distribution ◽  
Arbitrary Shape ◽  
Theoretical Solution ◽  
Bead Type ◽  
Circular Holes ◽  
Radial Thickness ◽  
Bending With Shear ◽  
The Web

Abstract The object of this paper is the determination of the effect of the reinforcement of circular holes on the stress distribution in the webs of beams subjected to bending with shear. A theoretical solution for a bead-type reinforcement, i.e., small radial thickness, is developed. The stress distribution in the web for arbitrary shape reinforcement is based on the work of Reissner and Morduchow (1). The theory developed is valid provided the diameter of the hole does not exceed one fourth of the depth of the beam.

scholarly journals Effect of radiation inside square hollow section under moderate non-symmetric fire

Fire Research ◽  
2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jolanta Bączkiewicz ◽  
Sami Pajunen ◽  
Markku Heinisuo
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Standard Procedure ◽  
Surface Heat ◽  
Heat Radiation ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Hollow Section ◽  
Temperature Calculation ◽  
Steel Sections ◽  
Method Analysis ◽  
Steel Section

The temperature calculation of hollow steel sections at elevated temperatures is a well-documented and standard procedure. Through this standard procedure, the temperature can be calculated by assuming a uniform gas temperature all around the section, which is called a symmetric fire in this paper. Embedding in surrounding structures or connecting to another steel member results in non-symmetric heat distribution in the member. This non-symmetricity of the surrounding temperature may cause surface- to-surface heat radiation inside the member, thus affecting the steel section temperature distribution. This effect is considered in this paper by adopting analytical and finite element method analysis.

FLEXURAL BEHAVIOR AND SHEAR CONNECTION OF SHALLOW CELLULAR COMPOSITE FLOOR BEAM

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiming Chen ◽  
Toi Limazie ◽  
Ping Gu
Keyword(s):  
Shear Resistance ◽  
Flexural Behavior ◽  
Horizontal Shear ◽  
Shear Transfer ◽  
Shear Connection ◽  
Shear Connections ◽  
Cellular Composite ◽  
Transfer Mechanisms ◽  
The Web ◽  
Steel Section

An experimental study of the flexural behavior and shear transfer mechanisms of shallow cellular composite floor beams is presented. Four full-scale specimens were designed and tested. The four composite shallow cellular beams are composed with “asymmetric I” steel section with regularly spaced circular openings along the web and “inverted T” steel section with regularly spaced clothoidal openings along the web. The shear connections are formed by combination of tie-bar elements with the infill concrete passing through openings. The aims of the study are to provide information on the flexural behavior of the shallow cellular composite floor beams, and to assess the shear resisting properties of the proposed shear connections. The tested composite beams showed satisfactory composite behavior and possessed satisfactory horizontal shear resistance. The proposed shear connections significantly increased the shear resistance, slip capacity and ductility of the shear connections. A tentative calculation method of the shear resistance of the proposed shear connections is developed.

Experimental Study on Lateral -Torsional Buckling of Triangular Web Profile Steel Section

2015 ◽  
Vol 802 ◽  
pp. 178-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hazwani Hasan ◽  
Fatimah De’nan ◽  
Kok Keong Choong
Keyword(s):  
Bending Test ◽  
Lateral Torsional Buckling ◽  
Torsional Buckling ◽  
Four Point Bending ◽  
Percentage Difference ◽  
Design Values ◽  
Triangular Profile ◽  
Steel Sections ◽  
Manual Calculation ◽  
Steel Section

Triangular web profile (TriWP) is a structural steel section made of two flanges connected to a web plate of triangular profile. The ability of TriWP to resist lateral–torsional buckling (LTB) is one of the most important criteria considered in the design of this steel section. This study examined the LTB behavior of TriWP steel section and determined the buckling moment resistance (Mb,Rd) for TriWP. Beam specimens were analyzed using a four-point bending test. Four types of specimen sizes were used: 200 mm × 100 mm × 6.3 mm × 6 mm; 200 mm × 100 mm × 9 mm × 6.3 mm; 200 mm × 100 mm × 8 mm × 6 mm; and 200 mm × 100 mm × 6 mm × 5 mm sections. Testing results for all specimen sizes showed that the values for Mb,Rdof the TriWP steel sections were higher than those of the flat web section. The percentage difference of Mb,Rdfrom the experimental results for all specimen sizes ranged from 10.38% to 17.37%. The percentage difference of Mb,Rdof the experimental and design values based on manual calculation by using Eurocode 3 ranged from 9.13% to 43.8%.

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