EUTECTIC SOLIDIFICATION IN METALS

1951 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 320-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. C. Winegard ◽  
S. Majka ◽  
B. M. Thall ◽  
B. Chalmers
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Eutectic Structure ◽  
The Other ◽  
Eutectic Solidification ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Two Phases

A study has been made of the process of solidification of the alloys of tin and lead the eutectic structure of which is typically lamellar. A technique was developed in which the rate and direction of solidification were controlled. It was demonstrated that freezing takes place by the simultaneous edgewise growth of the lamellae, the thickness of which depends on the rate of freezing. It was also shown that the interface between solid and liquid at any instant is corrugated, owing to the fact that one of the phases is in advance of the other. This is attributed to the difference in thermal conductivity of the two phases. A detailed description is given of the process of eutectic solidification

Modifying infants’ sensitivity to audiovisual temporal mismatch

2012 ◽  
Vol 25 (0) ◽  
pp. 84-85
Author(s):  
Ferran Pons ◽  
Maria Teixidó ◽  
Joel García-Morera ◽  
Jordi Navarra
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Bouncing Ball ◽  
Speech Stimuli ◽  
Short Term Exposure ◽  
Ball Bouncing ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Av Synchrony ◽  
Paired Preference

Studies in adults reveal that a short-term exposure to asynchronous audiovisual signals induces temporal realignment between these signals (Di Luca et al., 2009; Fujisaki et al., 2004; Navarra et al., 2009; Vroomen et al., 2004). In contrast with this evidence in adults, Lewkowicz (2010) observed that infants increased their sensitivity to AV asynchrony after exposure to asynchronous AV speech. We investigated whether brief experience with an asynchronous AV event would increase infants’ ability to discriminate AV synchrony from asynchrony in non-speech stimuli or else induce temporal realignment as observed in adults. Twenty-four 6-month-old infants were tested in two phases (Test 1 and 2) using an intersensory paired-preference procedure, with simple stimuli (two balls bouncing against the floor — one ball bouncing in synchrony while the other one in asynchrony with respect to the bouncing sound). Between Test 1 and 2, infants were exposed to AV asynchrony (a presentation of an audiovisually asynchronous bouncing ball). The results revealed that infants detected the difference between AV synchrony and asynchrony only after being exposed to an asynchronous AV event. Our findings support the idea that experience with AV asynchrony has different consequences for adults and infants: while temporal AV recalibration is observed in adults, an increase of the sensitivity to AV asynchrony is observed in infants.

scholarly journals Empirical Study Regarding the Influence of Communication Upon the Purchasing Decision

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 430-437
Author(s):  
Dan Popescu ◽  
Alina Dinu ◽  
Cristina State ◽  
Cătălina Picu
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Study ◽  
The Other ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Price Difference ◽  
Purchasing Decision ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Purchasing Process

Abstract The aim of the present study is to emphasize the influence of communication upon the customer’s purchasing decision. This objective is translated through determining the change of products in the sales’ structure using communication by omission. The study is focused upon the purchasing selection between two similar products by the subjects included in the study. The difference between the two products lies in the customers’ care for the environment. Thus, one of the two products does not pollute, in the conditions in which the application with care and attention is applied (this being expressed through a price difference compared to the other, polluting, product). The study has two phases in order to compare the sales structure in the situations in which it is used the communication through omission (in the second phase of the study) with the sales structure when the communication through omission is not used. The hypothesis according to which the purchasing process takes place according to the care for the environment and not necessarily according to the direct utility allocated to some apparently similar products has been tested through econometric instruments.

The Causes of Asymmetric Deformation of Surface Roughness Asperities in EHL Contacts

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-38
Author(s):  
Motohiro Kaneta ◽  
Kenji Matsuda ◽  
Hiroshi Nishikawa
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Contact Pressure ◽  
Elastic Moduli ◽  
Elastohydrodynamic Lubrication ◽  
The Other ◽  
Contact Materials ◽  
Oil Film ◽  
Asymmetric Deformation ◽  
The Difference

Abstract This paper provides the main causes of asymmetric or directional deformation of surface roughness based on a transient non-Newtonian thermal elastohydrodynamic lubrication (EHL) model, where the contact materials have different thermal conductivities and elastic moduli. It is clarified that the asymmetric deformation of the asperities appears due to two causes. One depends on the slide-roll ratio and the difference in thermal conductivity between contact materials, and the other is caused by the contact pressure between the asperities through the oil film.

scholarly journals Effect of graphite and graphene oxide on thorium carbide microstructural and thermal properties

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Corradetti ◽  
S. M. Carturan ◽  
M. Ballan ◽  
R. Eloirdi ◽  
P. Amador Celdran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Carbothermal Reduction ◽  
Target Material ◽  
High Reactivity ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Core ◽  
High Release ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Increasing Temperature

AbstractThorium carbide to be tested as target material for the production of 225Ac with the ISOL method, was produced via carbothermal reduction of ThO2 nanoparticles by graphite and graphene oxide, respectively. The use of graphene oxide (GO) as carbon source resulted in a reduced reactivity compared to graphite, confirmed by the presence of unreacted ThO2 mainly in the core of the samples. The reacted ThO2 or ThC2–GO showed a faster reactivity in air, mainly observed as ThC2 amorphization. The specific surface area of the ThC2–GO samples was almost doubled compared to ThC2–graphite samples. The effect of these microstructural features was analysed in terms of thermal diffusivity and calculated thermal conductivity that were both reduced in ThC2–GO samples, however the difference with ThC2–graphite samples decreased at increasing temperature. The present study shows that the use of unreduced GO inhibits the solid-state reaction between ThO2 and C; on the other hand, the high reactivity of the ThC2 so produced is expected to be beneficial for the 225Ac production with the ISOL method, affording a high release efficiency. It is expected that the use of reduced GO could represent a good solution for highly efficient ThC2 targets.

Enhancement of ADP-induced Platelet Aggregation by Adrenaline in Vivo and Its Prevention

1973 ◽  
Vol 29 (02) ◽  
pp. 490-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroh Yamazaki ◽  
Itsuro Kobayashi ◽  
Tadahiro Sano ◽  
Takio Shimamoto
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Count ◽  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
The Other ◽  
Endothelial Surface ◽  
Important Interaction ◽  
Blood Coagulability ◽  
The Difference

SummaryThe authors previously reported a transient decrease in adhesive platelet count and an enhancement of blood coagulability after administration of a small amount of adrenaline (0.1-1 µg per Kg, i. v.) in man and rabbit. In such circumstances, the sensitivity of platelets to aggregation induced by ADP was studied by an optical density method. Five minutes after i. v. injection of 1 µg per Kg of adrenaline in 10 rabbits, intensity of platelet aggregation increased to 115.1 ± 4.9% (mean ± S. E.) by 10∼5 molar, 121.8 ± 7.8% by 3 × 10-6 molar and 129.4 ± 12.8% of the value before the injection by 10”6 molar ADP. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.01-0.05). The above change was not observed in each group of rabbits injected with saline, 1 µg per Kg of 1-noradrenaline or 0.1 and 10 µg per Kg of adrenaline. Also, it was prevented by oral administration of 10 mg per Kg of phenoxybenzamine or propranolol or aspirin or pyridinolcarbamate 3 hours before the challenge. On the other hand, the enhancement of ADP-induced platelet aggregation was not observed in vitro, when 10-5 or 3 × 10-6 molar and 129.4 ± 12.8% of the value before 10∼6 molar ADP was added to citrated platelet rich plasma (CPRP) of rabbit after incubation at 37°C for 30 second with 0.01, 0.1, 1, 10 or 100 µg per ml of adrenaline or noradrenaline. These results suggest an important interaction between endothelial surface and platelets in connection with the enhancement of ADP-induced platelet aggregation by adrenaline in vivo.

Energy Approximation

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Isett
Keyword(s):  
Main Lemma ◽  
The Other ◽  
Coarse Scale ◽  
Continuous Solutions ◽  
Material Derivative ◽  
Energy Variation ◽  
Energy Approximation ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Derivatives Of

This chapter presents the equations and calculations for energy approximation. It establishes the estimates (261) and (262) of the Main Lemma (10.1) for continuous solutions; these estimates state that we are able to accurately prescribe the energy that the correction adds to the solution, as well as bound the difference between the time derivatives of these two quantities. The chapter also introduces the proposition for prescribing energy, followed by the relevant computations. Each integral contributing to the other term can be estimated. Another proposition for estimating control over the rate of energy variation is given. Finally, the coarse scale material derivative is considered.

Pengaruh Unsur Budaya Lokal dalam Ungkapan Berbahasa Perancis

Metahumaniora ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 378
Author(s):  
Vincentia Tri Handayani
Keyword(s):  
Mental Representation ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Oral Tradition ◽  
Minimal Element ◽  
The Other ◽  
Local Culture ◽  
Community Groups ◽  
Cultural Community ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Complex Words

AbstrakFolklor yang menghasilkan tradisi lisan merupakan perwujudan budaya yang lahirdari pengalaman kelompok masyarakat. Salah satu bentuk tradisi lisan adalah ungkapan yangmengandung unsur budaya lokal dalam konstruksinya yang tidak dimiliki budaya lainnya.Ungkapan idiomatis memberikan warna pada bahasa melalui penggambaran mental. Dalambahasa Perancis, ungkapan dapat berupa locution dan expression. Perbedaan motif acuansuatu ungkapan dapat terlihat dari pengaruh budaya masyarakat pengguna bahasa. Sebuahleksem tidak selalu didefinisikan melalui unsur minimal, tidak juga melalui kata-kata,baik kata dasar atau kata kompleks, namun dapat melalui kata-kata beku yang maknanyatetap. Hubungan analogis dari makna tambahan yang ada pada suatu leksem muncul dariidentifikasi semem yang sama. Semem tersebut mengarah pada term yang diasosiasikan danyang diperkaya melalui konteks (dalam ungkapan berhubungan dengan konteks budaya).Kata kunci: folklor, ungkapan, struktur, makna idiomatis, kebudayaanAbstractFolklore which produces the oral tradition is a cultural manifestation born out theexperience of community groups. One form of the oral tradition is a phrase that containsthe elements of local culture in its construction that is not owned the other culture. Theidiomatic phrase gives the color to the language through the mental representation. InFrench, the expression can consist of locution and expression. The difference motivesreference of an expression can be seen from the influence of the cultural community thelanguage users. A lexeme is not always defined through a minimal element, nor throughwords, either basic or complex words, but can be through the frost words whose meaningsare fixed. The analogical connection of the additional meanings is on a lexeme arises fromthe identification of the same meaning. The meaning ‘semem’ leads to the associated termsand which are enriched through the context (in idiom related to the cultural context).Keywords : folklore, idioms, structure, idiom meaning, cultureI PENDAHULUAN

Rhetoric and argumentation: the unity of the field

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel Meyer
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Classic Problem ◽  
False Dilemma ◽  
The Difference ◽  
As If

Rhetoric has always been torn between the rhetoric of figures and the rhetoric of conflicts or arguments, as if rhetoric were exclusively one or the other. This is a false dilemma. Both types of rhetoric hinge on the same structure. A common formula is provided in Chapter 3 which unifies rhetoric stricto sensu and rhetoric as argumentation as two distinct but related strategies adopted according to the level of problematicity of the questions at stake, thereby giving unity to the field called “Rhetoric.” Highly problematic questions require arguments to justify their answers; non-divisive ones can be treated rhetorically through their answers as if they were self-evident. Another classic problem is how to understand the difference between logic and rhetoric. The difference between the two is due to the presence of questions explicitly answered in the premises in logic and only suggested (or remaining indeterminate) in rhetoric.

Maximizing Heat Transfer Through Joint Fin Systems

2005 ◽  
Vol 128 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.-R. A. Khaled
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Thermal Performance ◽  
Critical Length ◽  
The Other ◽  
Rigid Fixation ◽  
Convection Coefficient ◽  
Heat Transfer Characteristics ◽  
Cold Side ◽  
Transfer Characteristics

Heat transfer through joint fins is modeled and analyzed analytically in this work. The terminology “joint fin systems” is used to refer to extending surfaces that are exposed to two different convective media from its both ends. It is found that heat transfer through joint fins is maximized at certain critical lengths of each portion (the receiver fin portion which faces the hot side and the sender fin portion that faces the cold side of the convective media). The critical length of each portion of joint fins is increased as the convection coefficient of the other fin portion increases. At a certain value of the thermal conductivity of the sender fin portion, the critical length for the receiver fin portion may be reduced while heat transfer is maximized. This value depends on the convection coefficient for both fin portions. Thermal performance of joint fins is increased as both thermal conductivity of the sender fin portion or its convection coefficient increases. This work shows that the design of machine components such as bolts, screws, and others can be improved to achieve favorable heat transfer characteristics in addition to its main functions such as rigid fixation properties.

scholarly journals The Respiration of some Planktonic copepods II. The Effect Of Temperature

1953 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 447-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. T. Gauld ◽  
J. E. G. Raymont
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Rate ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Acartia Clausi ◽  
Temora Longicornis ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Planktonic Copepods ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Relationship

The respiratory rates of three species of planktonic copepods, Acartia clausi, Centropages hamatus and Temora longicornis, were measured at four different temperatures.The relationship between respiratory rate and temperature was found to be similar to that previously found for Calanus, although the slope of the curves differed in the different species.The observations on Centropages at 13 and 170 C. can be divided into two groups and it is suggested that the differences are due to the use of copepods from two different generations.The relationship between the respiratory rates and lengths of Acartia and Centropages agreed very well with that previously found for other species. That for Temora was rather different: the difference is probably due to the distinct difference in the shape of the body of Temora from those of the other species.The application of these measurements to estimates of the food requirements of the copepods is discussed.

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