Chemical and biological characterization of sclerosin, an antifungal lipopeptide

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (8) ◽  
pp. 1027-1034 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chrystal L. Berry ◽  
Ann Karen C. Brassinga ◽  
Lynda J. Donald ◽  
W.G. Dilantha Fernando ◽  
Peter C. Loewen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ring Opening ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Bacillus Species ◽  
Biological Characterization ◽  
Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
C Elegans ◽  
Oomycete Pathogen

Pseudomonas sp. strain DF41 produces a lipopeptide, called sclerosin that inhibits the fungal pathogen Sclerotinia sclerotiorum . The aim of the current study was to deduce the chemical structure of this lipopeptide and further characterize its bioactivity. Mass spectrometry analysis determined the structure of sclerosin to be CH3-(CH2)6-CH(OH)-CH2-CO-Dhb-Pro-Ala-Leu/Ile-Ala-Val-Val-Dhb-Thr-Val-Leu/Ile-Dhp-Ala-Ala-Ala-Val-Dhb-Dhb-Ala-Dab-Ser-Val-OH, similar to corpeptins A and B of the tolaasin group, differing by only 3 amino acids in the peptide chain. Subjecting sclerosin to various ring opening procedures revealed no new ions, suggesting that this molecule is linear. As such, sclerosin represents a new member of the tolaasin lipopeptide group. Incubation of S. sclerotinia ascospores and sclerotia in the presence of sclerosin inhibited the germination of both cell types. Sclerosin also exhibited antimicrobial activity against Bacillus species. Conversely, this lipopeptide demonstrated no zoosporicidal activity against the oomycete pathogen Phytophthora infestans . Next, we assessed the effect of DF41 and a lipopeptide-deficient mutant on the growth and development of Caenorhabditis elegans larvae. We discovered that sclerosin did not protect DF41 from ingestion by and degradation in the C. elegans digestive tract. However, another metabolite produced by this bacterium appeared to shorten the life-span of the nematode compared to C. elegans growing on Escherichia coli OP50.

scholarly journals Mass Spectrometry Analysis and Biological Characterization of the Predatory Ant Odontomachus monticola Venom and Venom Sac Components

Toxins ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naoki Tani ◽  
Kohei Kazuma ◽  
Yukio Ohtsuka ◽  
Yasushi Shigeri ◽  
Keiichi Masuko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Molecular Mass ◽  
Biogenic Amines ◽  
Transcriptome Analysis ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Biological Characterization ◽  
Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Dipeptidyl Peptidases

We previously identified 92 toxin-like peptides and proteins, including pilosulin-like peptides 1–6 from the predatory ant Odontomachus monticola, by transcriptome analysis. Here, to further characterize venom components, we analyzed the venom and venom sac extract by ESI-MS/MS with or without trypsin digestion and reducing agent. As the low-molecular-mass components, we found amino acids (leucine/isoleucine, phenylalanine, and tryptophan) and biogenic amines (histamine and tyramine) in the venom and venom sac extract. As the higher molecular mass components, we found peptides and proteins such as pilosulin-like peptides, phospholipase A2s, hyaluronidase, venom dipeptidyl peptidases, conotoxin-like peptide, and icarapin-like peptide. In addition to pilosulin-like peptides 1–6, we found three novel pilosulin-like peptides that were overlooked by transcriptome analysis. Moreover, pilosulin-like peptides 1–6 were chemically synthesized, and some of them displayed antimicrobial, hemolytic, and histamine-releasing activities.

scholarly journals Identification of sugars and phenolic compounds in honey powders with the use of GC–MS, FTIR spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Kozłowicz ◽  
Renata Różyło ◽  
Bożena Gładyszewska ◽  
Arkadiusz Matwijczuk ◽  
Grzegorz Gładyszewski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Ftir Spectroscopy ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Coumaric Acid ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Phenyllactic Acid ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Spectrometry Analysis

Abstract This work aimed at the chemical and structural characterization of powders obtained from chestnut flower honey (HFCh) and honey with Inca berry (HBlu). Honey powders were obtained by spray drying technique at low temperature (80/50 °C) with dehumidified air. Maltodextrin (DE 15) was used as a covering agent. The isolation and evaluation of phenolic compounds and sugars were done by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis. Scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction were performed to determine the morphology of the studied honey powders. The obtained results showed that the content of simple sugars amounted to 72.4 and 90.2 g × 100 g−1 in HFCh and HBlu, respectively. Glucose was found to be the dominant sugar with a concentration of 41.3 and 51.6 g × 100 g−1 in HFCh and HBlu, respectively. 3-Phenyllactic acid and ferulic acid were most frequently found in HFCh powder, whereas m-coumaric acid, benzoic acid, and cinnamic acid were the most common in HBlu powder. The largest changes in the FTIR spectra occurred in the following range of wavenumbers: 3335, 1640, and below 930 cm−1. The X-ray diffraction profiles revealed wide peaks, suggesting that both honey powders are amorphous and are characterized by a short-range order only.

Pulse laser-induced fragmentation of carbon quantum dots: a structural analysis

Nanoscale ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (46) ◽  
pp. 18359-18367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Han-Wei Chu ◽  
Ju-Yi Mao ◽  
Chia-Wen Lien ◽  
Pang-Hung Hsu ◽  
Yu-Jia Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Quantum Dots ◽  
Pulse Laser ◽  
Carbon Quantum Dots ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Surface Functional Groups ◽  
Heteroatom Doping ◽  
Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Carbon Core

Mass spectrometry analysis of pulse laser-induced fragmentation of carbon quantum dots allows characterization of the surface functional groups and carbon core with various heteroatom doping.

scholarly journals MALDI-ISD Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Hemoglobin Variants: a Top-Down Approach to the Characterization of Hemoglobinopathies

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 1299-1310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger Théberge ◽  
Sergei Dikler ◽  
Christian Heckendorf ◽  
David H. K. Chui ◽  
Catherine E. Costello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Hemoglobin Variants

scholarly journals Prebiotic Properties of Bacillus Coagulans MA 13: Production of Galactoside Hydrolyzing Enzymes and Characterization of the Transglycosylation Properties of a GH42 β-Galactosidase

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Aulitto ◽  
Strazzulli Andrea ◽  
Ferdinando Sansone ◽  
Flora Cozzolino ◽  
Maria Monti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Biochemical Characterization ◽  
Glycosyl Hydrolase ◽  
Bacillus Coagulans ◽  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Spectrometry Analysis

Abstract BackgroundThe spore-forming lactic acid bacterium Bacillus coagulans MA-13 has been isolated from canned beans manufacturing and successfully employed for the sustainable production of lactic acid from lignocellulosic biomass. Among lactic acid bacteria, B. coagulans strains are generally recognized as safe (GRAS) for human consumption. Low-cost microbial production of industrially valuable products such as lactic acid and various enzymes devoted to the hydrolysis of oligosaccharides and lactose, is of great importance to the food industry. Specifically, α- and β-galactosidases are attractive for their ability to hydrolyze not-digestible galactosides present in the food matrix as well as in the human gastrointestinal tract.ResultsIn this work we have explored the potential of B. coagulans MA-13 as a source of metabolites and enzymes to improve the digestibility and the nutritional value of food. A combination of mass spectrometry analysis with conventional biochemical approaches has been employed to unveil the intra- and extra- cellular glycosyl hydrolase (GH) repertoire of B. coagulans MA-13 under diverse growth conditions. The highest enzymatic activity was detected on β-1,4 and α-1,6-glycosidic linkages and the enzymes responsible for these activities were unambiguously identified as a β-galactosidase (GH42) and α-galactosidase (GH36), respectively. Whilst the former has been found only in the cytosol, the latter is localized also extracellularly. The export of this enzyme may occur through a not yet identified secretion mechanism, since a typical signal peptide is missing in the α-galactosidase sequence. A full biochemical characterization of the recombinant β-galactosidase has been carried out and the ability of this enzyme to perform homo- and hetero-condensation reactions to produce galacto-oligosaccharides, has been demonstrated. ConclusionsProbiotics which are safe for human use and are capable of producing high levels of both α-galactosidase and β-galactosidase are of great importance to the food industry. In this work we have proven the ability of B. coagulans MA-13 to over-produce these two enzymes that are commonly used for treatment of gastrointestinal diseases. Moreover, B. coagulans MA-13 can be employed for an eco-friendly production of prebiotics from dairy food waste because of the ability of β-galactosidase to synthesize galacto-oligosaccharides from lactose.

scholarly journals Characterization and Identification of Bioactive Polyphenols in the Trapabispinosa Roxb. Pericarp Extract

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (19) ◽  
pp. 5802
Author(s):  
Yuji Iwaoka ◽  
Shoichi Suzuki ◽  
Nana Kato ◽  
Chisa Hayakawa ◽  
Satoko Kawabe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gallic Acid ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Ionization Mass ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Potential Food

In this study, we present the isolation and characterization of the structure of six gallotannins (1–6), three ellagitannins (7–9), a neolignan glucoside (10), and three related polyphenolic compounds (gallic acid, 11 and 12) from Trapa bispinosa Roxb. pericarp extract (TBE). Among the isolates, the structure of compound 10 possessing a previously unclear absolute configuration was unambiguously determined through nuclear magnetic resonance and circular dichroism analyses. The α-glucosidase activity and glycation inhibitory effects of the isolates were evaluated. Decarboxylated rugosin A (8) showed an α-glucosidase inhibitory activity, while hydrolyzable tannins revealed stronger antiglycation activity than that of the positive control. Furthermore, the identification and quantification of the TBE polyphenols were investigated by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to ultraviolet detection and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry analysis, indicating the predominance of gallic acid, ellagic acid, and galloyl glucoses showing marked antiglycation properties. These findings suggest that there is a potential food industry application of polyphenols in TBE as a functional food with antidiabetic and antiglycation activities.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document