Microbial degradation of nitrobenzene and mono-nitrophenol by bacteria enriched from municipal activated sludge

1999 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 427-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian-Shen Zhao ◽  
Owen P Ward
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Bacterial Growth ◽  
Microbial Degradation ◽  
Degradation Rate ◽  
Mixed Cultures ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Comamonas Testosteroni ◽  
Degradation Ability

Using a mixture of three mono nitrophenols as sole carbon, nitrogen and energy sources, mixed cultures were enriched from municipal activated sludge to degrade both nitrophenols and nitrobenzene. Bacterial growth and degradation rate could be increased by supplementing the medium with 0.1% YE. Microorganisms were isolated from the nitrophenols enrichment, and they were identified as strains of Comamonas testosteroni and Acidovorax delafieldii. These strains showed broad degradation ability toward nitrophenols and nitrobenzene.Key words: biodegradation, nitrobenzene, nitrophenol, Comamonas testosteroni, Acidovorax delafieldii, mixed cultures.

Research on 17β-Estradiol Degradation Bacteria Isolated from Activated Sludge and its Degrade Characteristics

2011 ◽  
Vol 356-360 ◽  
pp. 2606-2609
Author(s):  
Li Zhang ◽  
Cui Cui Li
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Bacterial Growth ◽  
Degradation Rate ◽  
Estrogenic Activity ◽  
Degradation Process ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
17Β Estradiol

17β-estradiol(E2) has estrogenic activity at very low concentrations and are emerging as a major concern for water quality. Great endeavors have been done on the removal of E2 in wastewater. This article was mainly researched the isolated of E2 degradation bacteria from activated sludge and its degradation characteristics of the bacteria were also researched. According to its physiological biochemical results analysis, this strain was identified as K.pnem. pneumoniae .This strain can use E2 as sole carbon and energy source for growth. The optimal temperature, pH for the bacterial growth and degradation of E2 was 30°C,7.0, respectively, meanwhile degradation rate reached to 86% and 87%; degradation rate and bacterial growth increased along with E2 concentration increasing, 81% E2 was degraded when E2 concentration is 30mg/L, degradation rate decreased when E2>50mg/L; metal ions such as Fe2+and Zn2+almost have no effect on E2 degradation and bacterial growth; Mn2+can promote growth of strain and degradation, while, metal ions such as Hg2+,Ag+,Cu2+have negative effect on bacterial growth and degradation. The degradation process for E2 with initial concentration of 1mg/L indicated that the degradation rate of E2 by strain within 7days was 98%.

Interaction with Endogenous Microorganisms, Comamonas testosteroni Enhanced the Degradation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon in Soil

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xueting Sun ◽  
Xin Li ◽  
Yue Cui ◽  
Ziwei Jiang ◽  
Qiao Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Functional Role ◽  
Degradation Rate ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Comamonas Testosteroni ◽  
Functional Bacteria ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

Abstract This study was to explore the functional role of Comamonas testosteroni (Ct) on soil indigenous microorganisms, and analyze the effect of Ct on PAHs degradation in PAH-contaminated soil. Results showed that inoculation of Ct could degrade naphthalene (Nap), phenanthrene (Phe), and benzo [α] pyrene (BaP) significantly. The degradation rate of Nap, Phe and BaP was 81.18%, 63.38% and 37.98% on day 25, respectively, suggesting that the low molecular weight of Nap and Phe were easier to be degraded by microorganisms than BaP. Network analysis showed that inoculation of Ct significantly increased the bacteria closely related to PAHs. Structural equation models confirmed Steroidobacter as functional bacteria could affect the degradation of Nap and BaP. Inoculated Ct could effectively enhance the synergy among indigenous bacteria to degrade PAHs. This would be helpful to understand the function of inoculated strains in PAH-contaminated soil and identify functional microorganisms of PAHs remediation.

scholarly journals Laboratory Study for Biodegradation of Oxymatrine Insecticide by Single and Mixed Cultures of Fungi Isolated from Agriculture Soils in Basrah Governorate, Iraq

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 0010
Author(s):  
Raheem Et al.
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Study ◽  
Degradation Rate ◽  
Soil Fungi ◽  
Mixed Cultures ◽  
Baseline Study ◽  
Biodegradation Process ◽  
Single And Mixed Cultures

This study focuses on the biodegradation of oxymatrine insecticide by some soil fungi isolated from four agriculture stations. The results showed that the highest degradation rate 94.66% was recorded by Ulocladium sp. at 10 days and A. niger recorded the lowest degradation rate 45.86%, while at 20 days Ulocladium sp. also showed the highest degradation rate 94.98% and the lowest degradation rate reached to 82.49% with A.niger. The mix (Exerohilum sp.+Ulocladium sp.) recorded the highest degradation rate of oxymatrine insecticide 90.22%, 88.51%, 85.34%  at 4, 8 and 12 ppm.The use of mixed isolates enhanced the biodegradation process. There is no study of oxymatrine biodegradation so this study is the first of its kind in the region which can be used as a baseline study for incoming studies

Modeling ammonia removal in aerated facultative lagoons

2005 ◽  
Vol 51 (12) ◽  
pp. 139-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.D. Houweling ◽  
L. Kharoune ◽  
A. Escalas ◽  
Y. Comeau
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Water Column ◽  
Bacterial Growth ◽  
Organic Material ◽  
Mechanistic Model ◽  
Ammonia Removal ◽  
Stirred Tank ◽  
Tank Reactor ◽  
Continuously Stirred Tank Reactor

A mechanistic model has been developed to model ammonia removal in aerated facultative lagoons. Flow is modeled through the water column by a continuously stirred tank reactor and exchanges between the sludge layer and the water column are simulated by a solids separator. The biological model is based on an activated sludge model with reactions added for anaerobic bacterial growth and degradation of inert organic material. Results show that the model is able to predict seasonal variation in ammonia removal as well as sludge accumulation in the lagoons.

Microbial degradation of estrogens using activated sludge and night soil-composting microorganisms

2004 ◽  
Vol 50 (8) ◽  
pp. 153-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.H. Shi ◽  
Y. Suzuki ◽  
S. Nakai ◽  
M. Hosomi
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Microbial Degradation ◽  
Estrogenic Activity ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Order Reaction ◽  
Yeast Two Hybrid ◽  
First Order ◽  
Natural Estrogens ◽  
17Β Estradiol ◽  
Two Hybrid

In order to investigate the potential for microbial degradation of estrogens, and the products formed, activated sludge collected from Korea (ASK) and night soil-composting microorganisms (NSCM) were used to degrade estrogens. Results showed that both ASK and NSCM degraded almost 100% of the natural estrogens estrone (E1), 17β-estradiol (E2), and estriol (E3) from initial concentrations of 20-25 mg/L, while synthetic estrogen, ethynylestradiol (EE2), was not degraded. Analysis of degradation products of E2 by using HPLC-ECD and a consecutive first-order reaction calculation confirmed that E2 was sequentially degraded to E1, which was further degraded to other unknown compounds by ASK and NSCM. We then used the yeast two-hybrid assay to show that the unknown degradation products did not appear to possess estrogenic activity when E1, E2 or E3 were degraded to below the detection limit after 14 days of incubation, indicating that ASK and NSCM not only degrade natural estrogens, but also remove their estrogenic activities.

Determination of Kinetic Constants of Activated Sludge Microorganisms

1985 ◽  
Vol 17 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 259-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. Čech ◽  
J. Chudoba ◽  
P. Grau
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Mixed Culture ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Mixed Cultures ◽  
Kinetic Constants ◽  
Type Reactor ◽  
Substrate Removal ◽  
Velocity Coefficient ◽  
Mixed Reactor

A respirometric method for measuring kinetic constants of activated sludge microorganisms by means of a simple respirometer was developed and tested by using two types of mixed culture. It has been found that both the maximum substrate removal rate and the half-velocity coefficient are basically lower with the mixed cultures cultivated in a completely-mixed reactor /filamentous/ than with those cultivated in a selector-type reactor /nonfilamentous/.

scholarly journals Bioaugmentation of Activated Sludge by an Indigenous 3-Chloroaniline-Degrading Comamonas testosteroni Strain, I2gfp

2000 ◽  
Vol 66 (7) ◽  
pp. 2906-2913 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nico Boon ◽  
Johan Goris ◽  
Paul De Vos ◽  
Willy Verstraete ◽  
Eva M. Top
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Microbial Community Structure ◽  
Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Dynamic Change ◽  
16S Rrna Genes ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
Adaptation Period ◽  
Comamonas Testosteroni

ABSTRACT A strain identified as Comamonas testosteroni I2 was isolated from activated sludge and found to be able to mineralize 3-chloroaniline (3-CA). During the mineralization, a yellow intermediate accumulated temporarily, due to the distalmeta-cleavage of chlorocatechol. This strain was tested for its ability to clean wastewater containing 3-CA upon inoculation into activated sludge. To monitor its survival, the strain was chromosomally marked with the gfp gene and designated I2gfp. After inoculation into a lab-scale semicontinuous activated-sludge (SCAS) system, the inoculated strain maintained itself in the sludge for at least 45 days and was present in the sludge flocs. After an initial adaptation period of 6 days, complete degradation of 3-CA was obtained during 2 weeks, while no degradation at all occurred in the noninoculated control reactor. Upon further operation of the SCAS system, only 50% 3-CA removal was observed. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) of 16S rRNA genes revealed a dynamic change in the microbial community structure of the activated sludge. The DGGE patterns of the noninoculated and the inoculated reactors evolved after 7 days to different clusters, which suggests an effect of strain inoculation on the microbial community structure. The results indicate that bioaugmentation, even with a strain originating from that ecosystem and able to effectively grow on a selective substrate, is not permanent and will probably require regular resupplementation.

Simultaneous Organic Matter Removal in a Cyclic Activated Sludge Reactor from Municipal Waste Water

2010 ◽  
Vol 113-116 ◽  
pp. 952-955
Author(s):  
Hong Wei Wang ◽  
Jian Huang ◽  
Xin Yu Wang ◽  
Xiao Hong Wu ◽  
Tie Dong Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Municipal Waste ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Organic Matter Removal ◽  
Activated Sludge Reactor ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic ◽  
Degradation Ability

The aerobic and anaerobic cyclic activated sludge reactor of A/O process was separated into an A/O domestication segments and organic matter removal ability strengthen segments. In the A/O disposal system, organic carbon degradation, nitrogen and phosphorus removal from municipal waste water in reactor were investigated. Results showed that good performance of the A/O disposal system was achieved and the highest removal efficiencies of COD, TN and TP were 96%, 50% and 75%, respectively. When organic loadings varied from low to high, the removal ability increased and then the hybrid microbe in activated sludge degradation ability became strong. So the cyclic activated sludge was a useful method for eliminate organic matter removal from municipal waste water.

The Research of Biological Method Degradation on Cooking Fume

2012 ◽  
Vol 573-574 ◽  
pp. 1106-1111
Author(s):  
Wen Wan Meng ◽  
Lei Liao ◽  
Fei Chao Zhao ◽  
Zhen Zhou Wei
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Oxidation Ditch ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
Cooking Fumes ◽  
Cooking Fume ◽  
Oil Concentration ◽  
Degradation Ability

Experiments according to the current domestic situation of bio-treatment cooking fume, domesticated the activated sludge which taken from the oxidation ditch of the sewage treatment plant by using the simulated cooking fumes, discussed the concentration and morphology variation of activated sludge, researched the degradation ability of microorganism on cooking fume, the change of bacteria amount were studied in the whole process. Research showed that the sludge concentration decreased to 2878mg/L when the acclimatization time reached 50days; outlet and inlet oil concentration were consistent when the acclimatization time reached 30days while liquid fume concentration decreased to 8.436mg/L, the degradation rate of activated sludge on liquid fume was about 75% after 30 days; Microbial biomass increased first and then down become stable finally.

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