Food cache recovery by Northwestern Crows (Corvus caurinus)

1997 ◽  
Vol 75 (8) ◽  
pp. 1351-1356 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. A. M. Verbeek
Keyword(s):  
Field Study ◽  
Random Search ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Corvus Caurinus ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Food Cache ◽  
Cache Recovery

This field study examined experimentally whether Northwestern Crows (Corvus caurinus) used random search or memory to relocate food caches. The crows cached food items in the ground, one per cache, and covered the cache before leaving the site. Most caches were recovered within 24 h. The crows found caches made by me 1 m from their own caches significantly less often than they found their own caches. Replacing the covering of the cache with material other than the crows used did not significantly affect recovery success, but the crows found significantly fewer of their caches when the latter were experimentally moved 15 cm. Adding a 25 cm long stick to the site 15 cm from the cache significantly decreased a crow's ability to relocate its cache, but not when it was placed 30 cm away. A 50 cm long stick placed 15 or 30 cm away had the same negative effect on a crow's ability to relocate its cache, but not when it was placed 45 cm away. When memory is used, recovery success can be as high as 99%; when random search is used, it can be as low as 6%.

‘Asymmetric revelation’ effect: The influence of an increased number of photos on mental imagery and behavioural responses depending on target market

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 31-60
Author(s):  
Fabrice Larceneux ◽  
Marjolaine Bezançon ◽  
Thomas Lefebvre
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Real Estate ◽  
Field Study ◽  
Mental Imagery ◽  
Target Market ◽  
Property Market ◽  
Lower Range ◽  
Revelation Effect ◽  
Behavioural Responses ◽  
Negative Effect

There has been little research exploring the effect of the number of photographs used to present a product, and the studies that have been carried out relate to experiments with a reduced number of non-informative photos. This article provides a first field study conducted on 3,658 real estate ads and shows that an increase in the number of photos decreases favourable behavioural responses for lower range properties, but has no effect in the case of higher range properties. This result is replicated and explained in an experimental study: for lower range properties, the addition of photos deteriorates the valence of mental images, decreases mental self-imagery and increases perceived worry. These variables explain the negative effect of the number of photos on behavioural responses. However, for higher range properties, the addition of photos – informative or not – does not improve behavioural responses. This ‘asymmetric revelation’ effect depending on the segment of the property market being targeted is discussed.

An Empirical Analysis of the Joint Effects of Shoppers’ Goals and Attribute Display on Shoppers’ Evaluations

2018 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 142-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhijit Guha ◽  
Abhijit Biswas ◽  
Dhruv Grewal ◽  
Sandeep Bhowmick ◽  
Jens Nordfält
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Field Study ◽  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Low Calorie ◽  
Joint Effects ◽  
The Third ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Importance Weight ◽  
Attribute Information ◽  
Decision Making Framework

This article develops a decision-making framework that highlights how display of numeric attribute information (e.g., display of calorie information) and shoppers’ goals (i.e., having a diet focus vs. a taste focus) jointly influence shoppers’ choices and preferences. Across two sets of studies, including a field study involving the launch of a new Coca-Cola product, the authors show that when food items are displayed in an aligned manner (i.e., when food items with lower-value calorie information are displayed below food items with higher calorie values), shoppers assign more importance weight to calorie gap information. In turn, higher importance weight assigned to calorie gap information leads diet-focused shoppers to relatively prefer low-calorie food items but leads taste-focused shoppers to relatively prefer higher-calorie food items. The third set of studies shows that this decision-making framework has widespread applicability and is relevant in any domain in which advertising, retail, and online displays show comparisons of numeric attribute information.

Effects of Imported Technology on Iranian Architecture

2012 ◽  
Vol 174-177 ◽  
pp. 1966-1970
Author(s):  
Mohammad Reza Maghareh ◽  
Mohammad Aliabadi ◽  
Maryam Dastgheib Parsa
Keyword(s):  
Field Study ◽  
The Other ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Fars Province ◽  
Cultural Backgrounds ◽  
The Past ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Engineering Organization

In order to study the effects of imported technology on Iranian architecture, a field study was conducted according to the views of architects and engineers involved in construction activities. At first, the literature subject was reviewed, then, the technology indexes, that affect the architecture, were identified. A questionnaire was prepared to recognize their effects, and ninety architects and engineers of Engineering Organization of Fars Province were surveyed. In this paper, the methodology of determination and prioritization of the indexes are studied and; the results of six indexes are discussed. According to the results, five of the indexes are negative. It is found that, lack of attention to the harmony between imported technology and social and cultural backgrounds has the most negative effect on the Iranian architecture during the past century. On the other hand buying and transferring professional imported technologies has been positive based on the participants’ idea.

The impact of impression management over time

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 266-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark C. Bolino ◽  
Anthony C. Klotz ◽  
Denise Daniels
Keyword(s):  
Field Study ◽  
Impression Management ◽  
Performance Ratings ◽  
Content Type ◽  
New Employees ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Repeated Use ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Positive Effect

Purpose – The purpose of these studies was to investigate how the repeated use of impression management (IM) tactics is related to supervisor perceptions in newly formed supervisor-subordinate dyads. Design/methodology/approach – Two studies were conducted – a lab study in which participants evaluated a confederate who performed an accounting task while using different types of IM across five trials, and a field study examining the IM tactics of new employees and their supervisors' ratings of likability and performance at two points in time. Findings – In the lab study, the repeated use of ingratiation had an increasingly positive effect on performance ratings, whereas repeated apologies had an increasingly negative effect on evaluations of performance. The influence of IM tactics on ratings of subordinate likability did not change with repeated use. In the field study, subordinates' use of apologies and justifications was more strongly associated with supervisor evaluations of likability and performance in earlier stages of their relationship. Practical implications – Employees need to be mindful that IM tactics may vary in their effectiveness depending on the timing and frequency of their use. Furthermore, supervisors should consider the initial influence that IM has on their ability to objectively evaluate new subordinates. Originality/value – This research is unique in that it examined how the repeated use of both assertive (i.e. ingratiation and self-promotion) and defensive (i.e. apologies and justifications) IM tactics are related to both evaluations of likability and performance ratings at multiple points in time.

scholarly journals REVIEW ON HEALTH IMPACT OF HAZARDOUS AND SAFEST TRADITIONAL COOKWARE WITH AYURVEDIC APPROACH

AYUSHDHARA ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 2559-2566
Author(s):  
Charu Bansal ◽  
Saleha Zaina ◽  
Vinod Parihar
Keyword(s):  
Causative Factor ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
The Body ◽  
Hazardous Substances ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Cooking Process ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Cooked Food ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Selection Of

Human is evolved and nourished by food so food has been given the prime importance since Vedic period, but if our food itself is polluted then how the development of health hazards can be prevented or checked. The contamination of food is a major concern especially for developing countries like India. Today, society are very careful about the selection of food but unfortunately attention has not been given about selection of cookware and the impact of these cooking utensils on health. Number of good looking cookware sets are made by very dangerous material and coated by toxic chemicals to. Most commonly used cookware sets are Aluminum, Plastic and Non-stick cookware. During cooking process these cookware sets releases many hazardous substances like Teflon, BPA, Aluminum etc., which contaminates food and ultimately reaches to the body and linked as a causative factor for many diseases like Cancer, Alzheimer's disease etc. According to FDA materials that are used to make utensils should not allow to migrate into food. Though, traditionally Earthen pots, Cast- iron, glass, bamboo and copper, stone cookware sets were in use. Those were added therapeutic value in the cooked food. Thus, attention must be needed to choose the correct utensils for cooking which should be safe and beneficial for health. In Ayurveda during the description of eight dietary principles, importance of Vasana (utensils) is mentioned under the description of Karana (processing techniques of food items). Ayurveda believes that container helps in transformation of qualities of food items. Different kinds of utensils had been shown both positive and negative effect on body. Hence, this article makes an attempt to gathered data and compiled to find the health impacts of newly evolved as well as traditional cookware options in society.

The Effect of Teleworking on Anxiety During COVID-19

2022 ◽  
pp. 174-190
Author(s):  
Elif Baykal
Keyword(s):  
Field Study ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
White Collar ◽  
Psychological Problems ◽  
Online Surveys ◽  
Related Field ◽  
Related Data ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Anxiety Levels

Turkey is among the countries that the pandemic has affected most profoundly. Many people have been infected, and the pandemic has given way to both physiological and psychological problems. In this study, the effect of teleworking, which has been embraced durng the pandemic, has been tested on the anxiety levels of Turkish participants. The research has been carried out on white-collar employees working in the service sector. The related data has been collected through online surveys. In the related field study, 2,892 online questionnaires have been sent, and 385 usable questionnaires were obtained. Analysis of the study has been carried out with SPSS 20.0 statistics tool. The results of the study revealed that teleworking has a negative effect on anxiety levels of individuals, as predicted in the study.

Influence of carrier water pH, foliar fertilizer, and ammonium sulfate on 2,4-D and 2,4-D plus glyphosate efficacy

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (04) ◽  
pp. 562-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pratap Devkota ◽  
William G. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Field Study ◽  
Ammonium Sulfate ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Palmer Amaranth ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Foliar Fertilizer ◽  
Greenhouse Study ◽  
Giant Ragweed ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Water Ph

AbstractCarrier water pH is an important factor for enhancing herbicide efficacy. Coapplying agrochemical products with the herbicide might save time and resources; however, the negative effect of foliar fertilizers on herbicide efficacy should be thoroughly evaluated. In greenhouse studies, the effect of carrier water pH (4, 6.5, and 9), foliar fertilizer (zinc [Zn], manganese [Mn], or without fertilizer), and ammonium sulfate (AMS) at 0% or 2.5% vol/vol was evaluated on 2,4-D and premixed 2,4-D plus glyphosate efficacy for giant ragweed, horseweed, and Palmer amaranth control. In addition, a field study was conducted to evaluate the effect of carrier water pH (4, 6.5, and 9); and Zn or Mn foliar fertilizer on premixed 2,4-D plus glyphosate efficacy for horseweed and Palmer amaranth control. In the greenhouse study, 2,4-D and premixed 2,4-D plus glyphosate provided 5% greater weed control at acidic compared with alkaline carrier water pH. Coapplied Mn foliar fertilizer reduced 2,4-D and premixed 2,4-D plus glyphosate efficacy at least 5% for weed control. Addition of AMS enhanced 2,4-D and premixed 2,4-D plus glyphosate efficacy at least 6% for giant ragweed, horseweed, and Palmer amaranth control. In the field study, few significant differences occurred between coapplied Zn or Mn foliar fertilizer for any treatment variables. Therefore, carrier water pH, coapplied foliar fertilizer, and water-conditioning adjuvants have potential to influence herbicide performance. However, weed species could play a role in the differential response of these factors on herbicide efficacy.

scholarly journals The measurement of food iron absorption in man

1979 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 283-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Hallberg ◽  
E. Björn-Rasmussen ◽  
L. Rossander ◽  
R. Suwanik
Keyword(s):  
Field Study ◽  
Free Choice ◽  
Iron Absorption ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Long Run ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Ferrous Ascorbate ◽  
Careful Instruction ◽  
The Mean

1. The present study was considered as a first step to develop a method to measure food iron absorption from realistic common meals prepared and consumed by the subjects themselves in their own homes. The absorption of Fe from the meals was measured by means of the extrinsic-tag method modified to allow for a free choice of food items.2. The mean Fe intake was 2.79 mg and the mean Fe absorption approximately 0.30 mg. The Fe status of the subjects corresponded to 31.5% absorption from a reference dose solution containing 3 mg elemental Fe as ferrous ascorbate. The variation in food Fe absorption obtained in this field study was found to be of the same magnitude as that obtained in studies performed under more controlled conditions as in the laboratory.3. The conclusion was drawn that the proposed method could be used in realistic field studies aimed at, for example, explaining or preventing a high prevalence of deficiency. A sufficiently long run-in period and a careful instruction of the subjects was considered essential for the design of future field studies.

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