Can Russia Catch Up/Keep Up? Russian Science and Education in Putin’s Fourth Term

2020 ◽  
pp. 127-198
Author(s):  
Harley Balzer
Keyword(s):  
Russian Science ◽  
Fourth Term ◽  
Science And Education ◽  
Catch Up

Institutional Erosion of Science and Education: Postmodern Grimaces

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1-1) ◽  
pp. 11-23
Author(s):  
Radiy Ibragimov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
The State ◽  
Russian Science ◽  
Science And Education ◽  
Social Project ◽  
University Science ◽  
Institutional Boundaries ◽  
Social Act

The article is a reaction to the article written by P.A. Orekhovsky and V.I. Razumov ‘Carnival Time: Russian Higher School and Science in the Postmodern Era’. The author agrees with the analytical diagnosis of the state and situation in the Russian science and higher education, shares the concern expressed by colleagues about the fate of the most important social institutions for our civilization. The author proposes a number of considerations that develop the topics raised in the reference article. The author draws attention to the historical inversion of the positivist social project, which appears to be at the forefront of the emerging social architecture of a new scientific-technocratic elite; another thing is that its social configuration does not coincide with institutional boundaries of academic and University science. The author speculates upon the analogy of science with prostitution, which is currently undergoing a noticeable institutionalization. The author considers its phasing to be universal. It is suggested that prostitution can be extrapolated to other social institutions, including science and education. The potential of their resistance and survival is determined by how effectively passionarity accumulates in the structure of these social institutions. This indicator is directly proportional to the efficiency of the formation of human capital in the system. According to the author, problems, voiced by P.A. Orekhovsky and V.I. Razumov, are explained by the passion drift, the overcoming of which is not an automatic macro-social act, but the craft of each scientific and pedagogical worker.

scholarly journals Reform of a Russian science as an institutional constructing

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-64
Author(s):  
Mikhail F. Chernysh
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Human Potential ◽  
Russian Science ◽  
Social Sciences And Humanities ◽  
Global Science ◽  
Russian Scientific ◽  
Negative Role ◽  
Science And Education ◽  
Methodological Aspects

The article analyzes theoretical and methodological aspects of the ongoing reforms of the Russian science. The reforms are based on a set of ideas (myths) whose implementation was supposed to raise the effectiveness of the Russian science, form its new institutional structure, similar to the structure of science in more developed countries. The “sacral” mytholodical component of the reforms had no foundation in the traditional practices that had been shaped by the Russian scientific community in its long history. The reforms took no heed of the specific separation of science and education that had historically emerged in Russia helping to concentrate scientific assets in the most promising directions and most effective institutions. The myth of the “global science” stressing intermingling and interaction of scientific projects across the world played its negative role. The universalist project of reforms did not reflect on the basic differences between the “natural sciences” and “sciences of the spirit”. The “sacral” perception of the Western science as an ideal mechanism of selection boosting scientific achievement led to performance measurement indicators thatignored the interests of sciences and researchers in social sciences and humanities. The ongoing reforms are fraught with developments that can weaken the Russian science and its human potential, downgrade its research agenda.

scholarly journals Leadership and Management in Science and Technology: Competency Model

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 26-38
Author(s):  
O. V. Vorobyeva ◽  
E. M. Ivannikova ◽  
V. V. Malandin ◽  
D. S. Sekirinsky ◽  
E. V. Karavaeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Technological Development ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Competency Model ◽  
Russian Science ◽  
Leadership And Management ◽  
Technology Competency ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
The World ◽  
Science And Education ◽  
Scientific And Technological Development

The article deals with scientific and methodological substantiation and description of the competency model of a modern leader and manager in scientific and technological sphere. This model has been developed by the authors on the initiative of the Coordinating Council for Youth Affairs in Scientific and Educational Spheres of the Presidential Council for Science and Education in the framework of the managers’ contest “Leaders of Russia” (specialization “Science”, season 2019– 2020). The competency model is aimed at improving the efficiency of solving the problems of scientific and technological development of Russia by overcoming the lack of personnel which is ready not only to conduct research at the world level, but also to take responsibility for the formation of priorities for scientific and technological development that meet the interests of Russia, as well as for their implementation. The proposed model is the first of its kind developed and tested system of competencies for improving leadership and management potential of Russian science.

WORLD-CLASS RESEARCH AND EDUCATION CENTERS : INCREASING THE LEVEL OF KNOWLEDGE INTENSITY OF THE REGIONAL ECONOMY

2021 ◽  
pp. 129-146
Author(s):  
Ivan zadorozhnyuk
Keyword(s):  
Science Education ◽  
Regional Economy ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Russian Science ◽  
Productive Activities ◽  
Science And Education ◽  
World Class ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Research And Education ◽  
High Place

The paper presents an overview of ten successfully functioning science and education centers in Russia, two of which are described in details taking into account the fact that their productive activities are associated with the development of the Arctic territories - a task of global importance. The author makes an assumption about the possible potential for the development of the principle of «blooming complexity» in the sociotechnical sphere, and also warns against excessive enthusiasm for the struggle for a high place in international rankings: this may distort the productive traditions of Russian science education.

scholarly journals Roadmap for the Development of Competition in Science and Higher Education as a Tool to Eliminate Barriers to the Growth of Competitiveness of Russian Science on Global Markets

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 4-8
Author(s):  
S.V. Maksimov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Global Markets ◽  
Russian Science ◽  
Russian Scientific ◽  
Economic Coercion ◽  
Science And Education ◽  
The Government ◽  
Scientific Results ◽  
Commercial Organizations

The issues of the negative impact of monopolization of global intellectual property markets on the practice of competition between Russian scientific and educational organizations and the competitiveness of Russian science and education are considered. The problem of “office slavery” of Russian scientists and its negative impact on budgetary financing of science are formulated. To eliminate these barriers, it was proposed to adopt in the form of an act of the Government of Russia a Roadmap for the development of competition in science and education, the draft of which was prepared with the participation of the author by a working group of the FAS Russia and the Russian Academy of Sciences. The Roadmap proposes to abandon the practice of economic coercion of Russian scientists to publish the first scientific results obtained primarily in foreign journals, indexed, first, in the WoS. At the same time, it was proposed to create based on Scientific Electronic Library eLIBRARY.RU (based on an agreement or reorganization) an open international abstract database of scientific data with the allocation of national segments of the participating states. The conditions for the formation, financing, operation and use of the resources of this base are proposed to be determined by an open intergovernmental agreement of the Russian Federation. To overcome the negative impact of the monopolization of global markets for scientific results by a narrow circle of commercial organizations, the author proposes to adopt the Declaration, and then the UN Convention on the Protection and Use of Scientific Results (Science Convention).

scholarly journals Opportunities and Threats for Innovative Import Substitution in Russia

2021 ◽  
Vol 110 ◽  
pp. 01002
Author(s):  
Natalya Krivenko
Keyword(s):  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Swot Analysis ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Russian Science ◽  
Innovative Strategy ◽  
Agricultural Industry ◽  
Substitution Mechanism ◽  
Catch Up ◽  
Knowledge Intensive

The article examines the development of import substitution in Russia from the historical perspective, confirming the need for an innovative strategy instead of the model of catch-up development. The study investigates international and domestic approaches to the implementation and impact of innovations, noting achievements and considerable potential of Russian science. Analysis of certain economic indicators for the period 2017-2019 revealed positive trends in the development of agricultural industry, negative dynamics of industrial production, a decline in manufacturing production and growth in mining. A decrease in research and development expenditures and a decline in the number of design, design and survey organizations, and researchers led to a decrease in production share of high-tech and knowledge-intensive industries in gross domestic product. There is a slight increase in exports, including its share in world exports. The problems and achievements of import substitution are considered on the example of the agricultural and aviation industries. The SWOT analysis identified the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats for the development of Russian import substitution, considering the innovative component. Finally, the paper proposes an author’s approach to a cross-sectoral assessment of import substitute products in order to create an effective import substitution mechanism, considering the innovative component.

scholarly journals The Review Of Changes In The Russian Science And Technology Legislation From April To September 2019

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-195
Author(s):  
Milena G. Vok
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Global Market ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Investment Fund ◽  
Federal Law ◽  
Russian Science ◽  
Genetic Technologies ◽  
Science And Education ◽  
The Government ◽  
And Control

This article reviews Russian legislation in the science and innovation field adopted from April to September 2019. It is divided into the following topics: •science, technology and innovation policies; •integration of science and education; •intellectual property in science and innovation. Presented documents have been passed in the form of federal laws and subordinate acts, particularly, in the form of presidential decrees, government resolutions and ministerial decrees. The most important decisions include the abolition of territorial restrictions and restrictions on areas of activity for residents of the Skolkovo center by the Federal Law No. 298-FZ of 02.08.2019, which should help increase the number of project participants, as well as the development of high-tech enterprises in the regions; the approval of the Federal Research Program for Genetic Technologies Development by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 479 of 22.04.2019, which is aimed at accelerating the development of genetic technologies in the country, including genetic editing technologies, and the foundation of scientific and technological groundwork for medicine, agriculture and industry, and also improving measures for the prevention of biological emergencies and control in this area. Special attention should be given to the singing of the agreement between The Government of Russian Federation and The Russian Direct Investment Fund regarding the development of artificial intelligence technologies. The purpose of the agreement is to help Russian companies specializing in this field enter international markets and also for Russian Federation to achieve one of the leading positions in the global market in this field.

scholarly journals African horizons of Russian science and education

2020 ◽  
pp. 5-10
Author(s):  
V. A. Kosyanov
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
East African ◽  
African Region ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Russian Science ◽  
Resource Base ◽  
Science And Education ◽  
Russian Universities

Based on the results of the first Russia—Africa Summit and Economic Forum, priority areas of economic cooperation, according to which concrete results can be achieved in the coming years, were identified. These are modern and high-tech mining and processing of minerals, geological exploration, energy (including renewable energy sources), infrastructure development (specifically the construction of railways and housing), agriculture, digital technology, medicine, science and education. Cooperation between Russian universities and African countries occupies a special place. Currently implemented by the Sergo Ordzhonikidze Russian State University for Geological Prospecting (MGRI), the scientific and educational initiative for the development of the mineral resource base of Uganda, presented in June 2019 to the country’s President Yoweri Museveni, is the basis for International cooperation between Russian universities in the East African region.

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