Becoming a Faithful Defender: Traditional Chinese Medicine against Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (04) ◽  
pp. 763-777 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leyin Zhang ◽  
Jieru Yu ◽  
Yiwen Zhou ◽  
Minhe Shen ◽  
Leitao Sun
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Viral Entry ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Chinese Herb ◽  
Chinese Herbs ◽  
World Health ◽  
Symptom Improvement ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Health Organization

The outbreak caused by COVID-19 is causing a major challenge to clinical management and a worldwide threat to public health. So far, there is no specific anti-coronavirus therapy approved for the treatment of COVID-19. Recently, as the efficacy and safety of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is widely acknowledged, it has been brought to a crucial status by the public, governments, and World Health Organization (WHO). For a better popularization of TCM, governments have made several advances in regulations and policies for treatment and measures of novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP). Therefore, on the basis of epidemiology and virology information, we reviewed relevant meta-analysis and clinical studies of anti-coronavirus therapeutics by TCM, in the aspect of mortality, symptom improvement, duration and dosage of corticosteroid, incidence of complications and the like. In addition, we also summarized preclinical rationale for anti-coronavirus activity by TCM in terms of virion assembly and release, as well as viral entry and replication, which could be a useful contribution for figuring out effective Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) for coronavirus, including ingredients from single monomeric compounds, Chinese herbs, Chinese herb extracts and Chinese herb formulas, or potential targets for medicine. We would like to see these relevant studies, ranging from basic researches to clinical application, could provide some idea on effects of CHM to combat COVID-19 or other coronaviruses, and also offer new thinking for the exploration of therapeutic strategies under the guidance of TCM.

scholarly journals Traditional Chinese medicine for treating novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) pneumonia: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuxi Li ◽  
Xiaobo Liu ◽  
Liuxue Guo ◽  
Juan Li ◽  
Dongling Zhong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Biomedical Literature ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Academic Degree ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Abstract Background: A new type of coronavirus, 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV), is causing an increasing number of cases of pneumonia and has been declared a Public Health Emergency of International Concern by the World Health Organization on 30 January 2020. The virus first appeared in Wuhan, China in late December 2019 and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is being used for its treatment. This systematic review and meta-analysis will assess studies of the effects of TCM in 2019-nCoV-infected pneumonia (NCIP).Methods: We will search electronic databases including PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Chinese Science and Technology Periodical Database (VIP) and Wanfang database using keywords related to NCIP and TCM. Reference lists of relevant trials and reviews will be searched. We will manually search grey literature, such as conference proceedings and academic degree dissertations, and trial registries. Two independent reviewers will screen studies, extract data and evaluate risk of bias. Data analysis will be conducted using Review Manager software (version 5.3.5) and R software (version 3.6.1).Discussion: This study will provide a high-quality synthesis of the effects of TCM for NCIP. The use of TCM for treatment or prevention of these novel viral infections affecting the respiratory tract will be investigated.Systematic review registration: PROSPERO registration number: CRD42020168004

scholarly journals Utilization of Traditional Chinese Medicine Practitioners in Later Life in Mainland China

Geriatrics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Aw ◽  
Yiengprugsawan ◽  
Gong
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Mainland China ◽  
Later Life ◽  
World Health ◽  
Adult Health ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Chronic Lung Diseases ◽  
Health Organization

Mainland China is one of the world’s most rapidly aging countries, and yet there is very limited literature on traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) use in older individuals. This study aimed to determine the national and provincial prevalence of TCM practitioner utilization in later life and associated factors. We used World Health Organization China Study on Global Aging and Adult Health Wave 1 data to determine descriptive statistics of the study population of participants aged 50 years and over. Multivariate logistic regression was conducted controlling for sociodemographic and health factors. A total of 14% of participants utilized a TCM practitioner, and the prevalence of utilization varied significantly by locality. Utilization was more likely in participants living in rural areas [adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 12.96; p < 0.001], Hubei (OR = 7.17; p < 0.001), or Shandong provinces (OR = 4.21; p < 0.001) and being diagnosed with chronic lung disease (OR = 1.97; p = 0.005). Hence, rurality, provincial influence, and chronic lung diseases are significant factors associated with TCM practitioner utilization among older individuals in China. These findings may inform policy for preservation and development of TCM nationally as well as its sustainability in an increasingly aging society.

scholarly journals History of Pandemics and COVID-19: What We are Learning from this Pandemic to Be Prepared for the Next One

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-27
Author(s):  
Luciana Knop ◽  
Roberto Badaró
Keyword(s):  
New England ◽  
Clinical Investigation ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
World Health ◽  
Medical Subject Headings ◽  
Journal Citation Reports ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Health Organization

Since the beginning of human history, the pathogens affect the humankind. The emerge of the new outbreak of coronavirus-19 (COVID-19) is not new in the history of plagues. However, this pandemic has a huge difference from the others due to its ability to affect worldwide at the same time, which brings new perspectives to our future. In this review, we listed some of the worst epidemics and pandemics of human civilization and the new outbreak, listing the pathogens, the spread, and the consequences for mankind. Our search included articles in the main database (PubMed/Medline, Elsevier Science Direct, Scopus, Isi Web of Science, Embase, Exerpta Medica, UptoDate, Lilacs, Novel Coronavirus Resource Directory from Elsevier), in the high-impact international scientific Journals (Scimago Journal and Country Rank - SJR - and Journal Citation Reports - JCR), such as The Lancet, Science, Nature, The New England Journal of Medicine, Physiological Reviews, Journal of the American Medical Association, Plos One, Journal of Clinical Investigation, and in the data from Center for Disease Control (CDC), National Institutes of Health (NIH), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) and World Health Organization (WHO). We prior selected meta-analysis, systematic reviews, article reviews, and original articles in this order. We reviewed 192 articles and used 94 from March to June 2020, using the terms coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, novel coronavirus, Wuhan coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome, 2019-nCoV, 2019 novel coronavirus, n-CoV-2, COVID, n-SARS-2, COVID-19, corona virus, coronaviruses, history of pandemics and epidemics, pathogens, plagues, with the tools MeSH (Medical Subject Headings), AND, OR, and the characters [,“,; /., to ensure the best review topics. We concluded that this pandemic will change the social and economic order, as well as it is the first that affects us quickly. So, the experience of COVID-19 could teach us how to be prepared for other outbreaks in the future.

scholarly journals Anti-Inflammatory Effects of 81 Chinese Herb Extracts and Their Correlation with the Characteristics of Traditional Chinese Medicine

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang-Liang Chen ◽  
Dan-Dan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Nitrogen Oxide ◽  
Chinese Herb ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Chinese Herbs ◽  
No Production ◽  
Forsythia Suspensa ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Daphne Genkwa

Inducible nitrogen oxide synthase (iNOS) is the primary contributor of the overproduction of nitric oxide and its inhibitors have been actively sought as effective anti-inflammatory agents. In this study, we prepared 70% ethanol extracts from 81 Chinese herbs. These extracts were subsequently evaluated for their effect on nitrogen oxide (NO) production and cell growth in LPS/IFNγ-costimulated and unstimulated murine macrophage RAW264.7 cells by Griess reaction and MTT assay. Extracts ofDaphne genkwaSieb.et Zucc,Caesalpinia sappanL.,Iles pubescensHook.et Arn,Forsythia suspensa(Thunb.) Vahl,Zingiber officinaleRosc,Inula japonicaThunb., andLigusticum chuanxiongHort markedly inhibited NO production (inhibition > 90% at 100 μg/mL). Among active extracts (inhibition > 50% at 100 μg/mL),Rubia cordifoliaL.,Glycyrrhiza glabraL.,Iles pubescensHook.et Arn,Nigella glanduliferaFreyn et Sint,Pueraria lobata(Willd.) Ohwi, andScutellaria barbataD. Don displayed no cytotoxicity to unstimulated RAW246.7 cells while increasing the growth of LPS/IFNγ-costimulated cells. By analyzing the correlation between their activities and their Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) characteristics, herbs with pungent flavor displayed potent anti-inflammatory capability. Our study provides a series of potential anti-inflammatory herbs and suggests that herbs with pungent flavor are candidates of effective anti-inflammatory agents.

scholarly journals Covid - 19: Morbidity Structure and Control Measures in Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (S1) ◽  
pp. 13-15
Author(s):  
Lapina Elizaveta Yurievna ◽  
Puzyrev Viktor Gennadievich
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
World Health ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
The World ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Spread Of Infection

are important, and used to be well known, human and animal pathogens.A novel coronavirus was identified at the end of 2019, as the cause of a number of pneumonia cases in city in the Hubei Province of China, Wuhan. Appeared to be a highly contagious anthroponotic infection. It rapidly caused an epidemic throughout China, hereafter an increasing number of cases in other countries throughout the world. All age groups, including children, are susceptible to the virus, but this age group is more likely to be asymptomatic. However, children may play a great epidemiological role in the spread of the virus with the absence of clinical signs of respiratory disease. Elderly people are the most severe carriers of the virus, as well as people with concomitant diseases. In February 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) designated the disease COVID-19, which stands for coronavirus disease 2019 [4]. The virus that causes COVID-19 is designated severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2); before, it was referred to as 2019-nCoV. We conducted meta-analysis of currently available data to summarize knowledge about the current epidemic in Russia, the dynamic of spread of the infection and management of the disease. Quarantine measures, which were carried out rather quickly, avoided the rapid spread of infection and thus contributed to a gradual increase in the load on medical facilities. As a result, most hospitals had time to prepare for an increased number of patients with coronavirus infection.

scholarly journals Neurological and neuropsychiatric manifestations and complications of SARS-CoV-2 infection: a narrative review and a case presentation in a previously healthy young white adult

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-22
Author(s):  
O.Yе. Fartushna ◽  
H.V. Palahuta ◽  
S.K. Yevtushenko
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Transverse Myelitis ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
World Health ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Manifestations ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Health Organization

Background. As the second wave of COVID-19 occurred, it has become clear that a novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), which has consequently sparked a global pandemic, was evolved into wide-ranging multi-organ disease. However, neurological features of COVID-19 infection, especially in young previously healthy adults, have not been widely reported. We aimed to provide a narrative review of the neurological and neuropsychiatric manifestations and complications of SARS-CoV-2, supported with a clinical case presentation. Materials and methods. A comprehensive electronic literature search was performed on Scopus, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane database, World Health Organization database, Ovid, and Google Scholar in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis guidelines to identify the articles that discussed the neurological and neuropsychiatric presentations of SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19. The neurological manifestations and complications of COVID-19 are illustrated with the clinical case presentation in a previously healthy white young adult. Results and conclusions. Neurological and neuropsychiatric manifestations and complications of SARS-CoV-2 infection range from mild symptoms, such as headache, to catastrophic symptoms, including but not limited to delirium, manic episodes, schizophrenia, stroke, acute hemorrhagic necrotizing encephalopathy, transverse myelitis, encephalitis, meningitis, and Guillain-Barré syndrome. We provided a narrative review of the neurological and neuropsychiatric manifestations and complications of SARS-CoV-2 infection, illustrated with the clinical case presentation in a previously healthy white young adult.

scholarly journals Ferroptosis as a New Mechanism in Parkinson’s Disease Therapy Using Traditional Chinese Medicine

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lijuan Wu ◽  
Meijun Liu ◽  
Jingtao Liang ◽  
Nannan Li ◽  
Dongdong Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Lipid Peroxides ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
World Health ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
Dependent Cell ◽  
Health Organization

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases. To date, among medications used to treat PD, only levodopa exhibits a limited disease-modifying effect on early-onset PD, but it cannot delay the progression of the disease. In 2018, for the first time, the World Health Organization included traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in its influential global medical compendium. The use of TCM in the treatment of PD has a long history. At present, TCM can help treat and prevent PD. Iron metabolism is closely associated with PD. Ferroptosis, which is characterized by the accumulation of lipid peroxides, is a recently discovered form of iron-dependent cell death. The research literature indicates that ferroptosis in dopaminergic neurons is an important pathogenetic mechanism of PD. TCM may thus play unique roles in the treatment of PD and provide new ideas for the treatment of PD by regulating pathways associated with ferroptosis.

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