Design of a High-Precision Flyback Constant Voltage AC–DC Converter

A constant voltage AC–DC converter based on the digital assistant technology is proposed in this paper, which has the advantage of high output precision. In this paper, a novel digital exponential wave generator is adopted in Constant Voltage (CV) mode to replace the normal triangle waveform to obtain a wider range of switching frequency, increasing the accuracy of output voltage under light load. The control chip is implemented based on NEC 1[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]m 5[Formula: see text]V/40[Formula: see text]V HVCMOS process, and a 5[Formula: see text]V/1.2[Formula: see text]A prototype has been built to verify the proposed control method. In PFM mode the deviation of output voltage is within [Formula: see text]% and the load regulation is [Formula: see text]%. Meanwhile, when the load jumps from light to heavy, the minimum output voltage could be maintained above 4.16[Formula: see text]V.

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Development of Sliding Mode Controller for A Modified Boost Cuk Converter Configuration

10.20944/preprints201706.0089.v1 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Sanjeevikumar Padmanaban ◽

Emre Ozsoy ◽

Viliam Fedák

Keyword(s):

Control Method ◽

Sliding Mode ◽

Pi Controller ◽

Switching Frequency ◽

Sliding Mode Controller ◽

Cuk Converter ◽

Pi Controllers ◽

Equivalent Control ◽

Hysteresis Control ◽

High Output

This paper introduces a sliding mode control (SMC) based equivalent control method to a novel high output gain Cuk converter. An additional inductor and capacitor improves the efficiency and output gain of the classical Cuk converter. Classical PI controllers are widely used in DC-DC converters. However, it is a very challenging task to design a single PI controller operating in different load and disturbances. SMC based equivalent control method which achieves a robust operation in a wide operation range is also proposed. Switching frequency is kept constant in appropriate interval in different loading and disturbance conditions by implementing a dynamic hysteresis control method. Numerical simulations conducted on Matlab/Simulink confirm the accuracy of analytical analysis of high output gain modified Cuk converter. In addition, proposed equivalent control method is validated in different perturbations to demonstrate the robust operation in wide operation range.

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Phase-shifted Series Resonant Converter with Zero Voltage Switching Turn-on and Variable Frequency Control

International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) ◽

10.11591/ijpeds.v8.i3.pp1184-1192 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 1184 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Mohamed Salem ◽

Awang Jusoh ◽

Nik Rumzi Nik Idris ◽

Tole Sutikno ◽

Yonis.M.Yonis Buswig

Keyword(s):

Output Voltage ◽

Frequency Control ◽

Switching Frequency ◽

Resonant Converter ◽

Zero Voltage Switching ◽

Light Load ◽

Wide Range ◽

Series Resonant ◽

Zero Voltage ◽

Voltage Switching

This paper presents a phase shifted series resonant converter with step up high frequency transformer to achieve the functions of high output voltage, high power density and wide range of Zero Voltage Switching (ZVS). In this approach, the output voltage is controlled by varying the switching frequency. The controller has been designed to achieve a good stability under different load conditions. The converter will react to the load variation by varying its switching frequency to satisfy the output voltage requirements. Therefore in order to maintain constant output voltage, for light load (50% of the load), the switching frequency will be decreased to meet the desired output, while for the full load (100%) conditions, the switching frequency will be increased. Since the controlled switching frequency is limited by the range between the higher and lower resonant frequencies , the switches can be turned on under ZVS. In this study, a laboratory experiment has been conducted to verify the effectiveness of the system performance.

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Performance Analysis of Multilevel Inverter with Reduced Number of Switches

Journal of Computational and Theoretical Nanoscience ◽

10.1166/jctn.2019.7743 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. 422-427

Author(s):

S. Karthikeyan ◽

K. Lakshmi ◽

S. Sivaranjani ◽

J. Karthika ◽

T. Nandhakumar

Keyword(s):

Electromagnetic Interference ◽

Output Voltage ◽

Pulse Width Modulation ◽

Control Method ◽

Harmonic Distortion ◽

Multilevel Inverter ◽

Switching Frequency ◽

Power Semiconductor ◽

Multilevel Inverters ◽

Modulation Control

Multilevel inverters are mainly used in high power and medium voltage applications to reduce the required voltage rating of the power semiconductor switching devices. Nowadays multilevel inverters are also preferred for various applications regardless of the power ratings because they can essentially realize lower harmonics with lower switching frequency and lower electromagnetic interference (EMI). However, it has some disadvantages such as increased number of components, complex Pulse Width Modulation control method, and voltage balancing problem. In this paper a new topology of cascaded multilevel inverter using reduced number of switches is introduced resulting in higher output voltage levels. There era five series connected H-bridges and the DC voltage is given in the ratio n0: n: n3:2n2:10n. The output voltage having 123 levels is obtained (61 positive voltage levels, 61 negative voltage levels and zero voltage levels). Reduced Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) makes them useful for electric vehicle, FACTS and has given option for various power applications. The proposed topology results in reduction of cost and has simplicity of control system. Therefore, the overall cost and complexity are greatly reduced particularly for higher output voltage levels.

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An Adaptive Multi-Mode PWM Control PSR Flyback Converter

Journal of Circuits System and Computers ◽

10.1142/s0218126621500018 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 2150001

Author(s):

Chang Chen ◽

Lei Wang ◽

Changyuan Chang ◽

Xiong Han

Keyword(s):

Power Efficiency ◽

Switching Frequency ◽

Pwm Control ◽

Constant Voltage ◽

Flyback Converter ◽

Light Load ◽

Standby Power ◽

And Performance ◽

Multi Mode ◽

Load Conditions

In this paper, an adaptive multi-mode PWM control PSR flyback converter is proposed. In constant voltage (CV) mode, the converter adopts primary-side regulate (PSR) scheme to detect load information through the auxiliary winding, which reflects the load information on the voltage of [Formula: see text]. The converter adjusts the switching frequency according to the voltage of [Formula: see text] under different load conditions, realizing adaptive multi-mode PWM control to significantly improve light- load efficiency and thus the overall average efficiency. Besides, it does not give compromise to other system performance, such as audible noise, standby power consumption, and regulation. To verify the feasibility and performance of the proposed circuit, the converter has been designed and fabricated in HHGRACE_0.35[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]m BCD process and verified in a 5V/1A circuit prototype. The experimental results show that 25% load power efficiency of the proposed converter is 78.1%, which is improved by up to 3.4% compared to the conventional converter.

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Design and Analysis of Push-Pull Switching Power Supply on PSpice

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.336-338.1186 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 336-338 ◽

pp. 1186-1189

Author(s):

Zhu Lei Shao ◽

San Tang

Keyword(s):

Power Supply ◽

System Model ◽

Switching Frequency ◽

Switching Power Supply ◽

Switching Power ◽

Output Performance ◽

Light Load ◽

Load Regulation ◽

Design Requirements ◽

Load Conditions

Aiming at the problem of switching power supply stable output, a push-pull switching power supply was designed. the switching frequency is 100kHZ and the output voltage is 5V. System model of the push-pull switching power supply is established on PSpice, and research on the output performance of the push-pull switching power supply. By the parameter sweep analysis of load, the push-pull switching power supply can stabilize output in full load and light load conditions, and load regulation rate comply with the design requirements.

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Light-Load Efficiency Improvement for Ultrahigh Step-Down Converter Based on Skip Mode

Electronics ◽

10.3390/electronics10030355 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 355

Author(s):

Yeu-Torng Yau ◽

Chao-Wei Wang ◽

Kuo-Ing Hwu

Keyword(s):

Integrated Circuit ◽

Common Ground ◽

Switching Frequency ◽

Efficiency Improvement ◽

Pulse Width Modulated ◽

Light Load ◽

Mode 2 ◽

Skip Mode ◽

Step Down ◽

The Cost

In this paper, two light-load efficiency improvement methods are presented and applied to the ultrahigh step-down converter. The two methods are both based on skip mode control. Skip Mode 1 only needs one half-bridge driver integrated circuit (IC) to drive three switches, so it has the advantages of easy signal control and lower cost, whereas Skip Mode 2 requires one half-bridge driver integrated circuit IC, one common ground driver IC, and three independent timing pulse-width-modulated (PWM) signals to control three switches, so the cost is higher and the control signals are more complicated, but Skip Mode 2 can obtain slightly higher light-load efficiency than Skip Mode 1. Although the switching frequency used in these methods are reduced, the transferred energy is unchanged, but the output voltage ripple is influenced to some extent.

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A New Constant Switching Frequency Model Predictive Control Method for Grid Connected 5-level ANPC Inverter with Capacitors Sensor-less Voltage Balancing

2020 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE) ◽

10.1109/ecce44975.2020.9235952 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Mostafa Abarzadeh ◽

Nathan Weise ◽

Liuchen Chang ◽

Kamal Al-Haddad

Keyword(s):

Model Predictive Control ◽

Predictive Control ◽

Control Method ◽

Switching Frequency ◽

Frequency Model ◽

Voltage Balancing

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Analysis and Implementation of a Frequency Control DC–DC Converter for Light Electric Vehicle Applications

Electronics ◽

10.3390/electronics10141623 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (14) ◽

pp. 1623

Author(s):

Bor-Ren Lin

Keyword(s):

Electric Vehicles ◽

Output Voltage ◽

Frequency Control ◽

Input Voltage ◽

Pulse Frequency ◽

Switching Frequency ◽

Battery Charger ◽

Dc Microgrid ◽

Load Voltage ◽

Transportation Vehicle

In order to realize emission-free solutions and clean transportation alternatives, this paper presents a new DC converter with pulse frequency control for a battery charger in electric vehicles (EVs) or light electric vehicles (LEVs). The circuit configuration includes a resonant tank on the high-voltage side and two variable winding sets on the output side to achieve wide output voltage operation for a universal LEV battery charger. The input terminal of the presented converter is a from DC microgrid with voltage levels of 380, 760, or 1500 V for house, industry plant, or DC transportation vehicle demands, respectively. To reduce voltage stresses on active devices, a cascade circuit structure with less voltage rating on power semiconductors is used on the primary side. Two resonant capacitors were selected on the resonant tank, not only to achieve the two input voltage balance problem but also to realize the resonant operation to control load voltage. By using the variable switching frequency approach to regulate load voltage, active switches are turned on with soft switching operation to improve converter efficiency. In order to achieve wide output voltage capability for universal battery charger demands such as scooters, electric motorbikes, Li-ion e-trikes, golf carts, luxury golf cars, and quad applications, two variable winding sets were selected to have a wide voltage output (50~160 V). Finally, experiments with a 1 kW rated prototype were demonstrated to validate the performance and benefits of presented converter.

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Experimental validation of new self-voltage balanced 9L-ANPC inverter for photovoltaic applications

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-84531-z ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

M. Jagabar Sathik ◽

Dhafer J. Almakhles ◽

N. Sandeep ◽

Marif Daula Siddique

Keyword(s):

Output Voltage ◽

Pulse Width Modulation ◽

Superior Performance ◽

Modulation Scheme ◽

Switching Frequency ◽

Switched Capacitor ◽

Renewable Energy Resources ◽

High Quality ◽

Multilevel Inverters ◽

Blocking Voltage

AbstractMultilevel inverters play an important role in extracting the power from renewable energy resources and delivering the output voltage with high quality to the load. This paper proposes a new single-stage switched capacitor nine-level inverter, which comprises an improved T-type inverter, auxiliary switch, and switched cell unit. The proposed topology effectively reduces the DC-link capacitor voltage and exhibits superior performance over recently switched-capacitor inverter topologies in terms of the number of power components and blocking voltage of the switches. A level-shifted multilevel pulse width modulation scheme with a modified triangular carrier wave is implemented to produce a high-quality stepped output voltage waveform with low switching frequency. The proposed nine-level inverter’s effectiveness, driven by the recommended modulation technique, is experimentally verified under varying load conditions. The power loss and efficiency for the proposed nine-level inverter are thoroughly discussed with different loads.

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