scholarly journals Exploiting Declarative Mapping Rules for Generating GraphQL Servers with Morph-GraphQL

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (06) ◽  
pp. 785-803
Author(s):  
David Chaves-Fraga ◽  
Freddy Priyatna ◽  
Ahmad Alobaid ◽  
Oscar Corcho
Keyword(s):  
Programming Language ◽  
Software Engineer ◽  
Mobile Apps ◽  
Knowledge Graph ◽  
Domain Expert ◽  
Software Developers ◽  
Simple Task ◽  
Domain Experts ◽  
Mapping Rules ◽  
Alternative Approach

In the last decade, REST has become the most common approach to provide web services, yet it was not originally designed to handle typical modern applications (e.g. mobile apps). GraphQL was proposed to reduce the number of queries and data exchanged in comparison with REST. Since its release in 2015, it has gained momentum as an alternative approach to REST. However, generating and maintaining GraphQL resolvers is not a simple task. First, a domain expert has to analyze a dataset, design the corresponding GraphQL schema and map the dataset to the schema. Then, a software engineer (e.g. GraphQL developer) implements the corresponding GraphQL resolvers in a specific programming language. In this paper, we present an approach to exploit the information from mappings rules (relation between target and source schema) and generate a GraphQL server. These mapping rules construct a virtual knowledge graph which is accessed by the generated GraphQL resolvers. These resolvers translate the input GraphQL queries into the queries supported by the underlying dataset. Domain experts or software developers may benefit from our approach: a domain expert does not need to involve software developers to implement the resolvers, and software developers can generate the initial version of the resolvers to be implemented. We implemented our approach in the Morph-GraphQL framework and evaluated it using the LinGBM benchmark.

The domain expert perspective: A qualitative study into the views expressed in a standard-setting exercise on a language for specific purposes (LSP) test for health professionals

2021 ◽  
pp. 026553222110107
Author(s):  
Simon Davidson
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Proficiency Test ◽  
Standard Setting ◽  
Domain Expert ◽  
Verbal Reports ◽  
Domain Experts ◽  
Language For Specific Purposes ◽  
Setting Process ◽  
Test Criteria ◽  
Textual Features

This paper investigates what matters to medical domain experts when setting standards on a language for specific purposes (LSP) English proficiency test: the Occupational English Test’s (OET) writing sub-test. The study explores what standard-setting participants value when making performance judgements about test candidates’ writing responses, and the extent to which their decisions are language-based and align with the OET writing sub-test criteria. Qualitative data is a relatively under-utilized component of standard setting and this type of commentary was garnered to gain a better understanding of the basis for performance decisions. Eighteen doctors were recruited for standard-setting workshops. To gain further insight, verbal reports in the form of a think-aloud protocol (TAP) were employed with five of the 18 participants. The doctors’ comments were thematically coded and the analysis showed that participants’ standard-setting judgements often aligned with the OET writing sub-test criteria. An overarching theme, ‘Audience Recognition’, was also identified as valuable to participants. A minority of decisions were swayed by features outside the OET’s communicative construct (e.g., clinical competency). Yet, overall, findings indicated that domain experts were undeniably focused on textual features associated with what the test is designed to assess and their views were vitally important in the standard-setting process.

AN OBJECT-BASED APPROACH TO MANAGING DOMAIN SPECIFIC THESAURI: SEMIAUTOMATIC THESAURUS CONSTRUCTION AND QUERY-BASED BROWSING

2002 ◽  
Vol 12 (04) ◽  
pp. 363-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
JAE HUN CHOI ◽  
JAE DONG YANG ◽  
DONG GILL LEE
Keyword(s):  
Object Oriented ◽  
Domain Expert ◽  
Considerable Part ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Domain Experts ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Object Based ◽  
Boolean Queries

In this paper, we propose a new approach for managing domain specific thesauri, where object-oriented paradigm is applied to thesaurus construction and query-based browsing. The approach provides an object-oriented mechanism to assist domain experts in constructing thesauri; it determines a considerable part of relationship degrees between terms by inheritance and supplies the domain expert with information available from other parts of the thesaurus being constructed or already constructed. In addition to that, it enables domain experts to incrementally construct the thesaurus, since the automatically determined relationship degrees can be refined whenever a more sophisticated thesaurus is needed. It may minimize domain experts' burden caused by the exhaustive specification of individual relationship. This approach also provides a query-based browsing facility, which enables users to find desired thesaurus terms without tedious browsing in the thesaurus. A browsing query can be formulated with terms rather ambiguous, yet capable of deriving the desired terms. This browsing query is useful especially when users want precise results. In other words, it is useful when they want to use only thesaurus terms carefully selected in reformulating Boolean queries. To demonstrate the feasibility of our approach, we fully implemented an object-based thesaurus system, which supports the semiautomatic thesaurus construction and the query-based browsing facility.

A Fuzzy Logic-Based Model for Classifying Software Modules in Order to Achieve Dependable Software

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 45-57
Author(s):  
Subhashis Chatterjee ◽  
Bappa Maji
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
Software Metrics ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Software Developers ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Domain Experts ◽  
Software Dependability ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Software Modules ◽  
Software Lifecycle

In this study, a fuzzy logic-based framework has been proposed to predict the situation of the software modules in the earlier phases of software lifecycle. The proposed model has taken into account domain experts' opinions and the available state of different software metrics as inputs. On the basis of dependability measures of software, different modules have been ranked earlier in the development process. Effect of the modules on the reliability, security, and availability of software has been judged by the proposed technique based on Mahalanobis distance metric. The study of software dependability in early phase assists the software developers to take corrective actions, which leads to minimize the testing efforts as well as development time. The proposed technique has been implemented on the promise software engineering repository data set. Performance of the proposed methodology is promising in identifying the fault-prone software modules. The result has also been compared with some known methodologies.

Emerging languages: An alternative approach to teaching programming languages

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
SAVERIO PERUGINI
Keyword(s):  
Programming Languages ◽  
Programming Language ◽  
Language Evolution ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
Approach To Teaching ◽  
Industrial Needs

Abstract We challenge the idea that a course intended to convey principles of languages should be structured according to those principles, and present an alternate approach to teaching a programming language course. The approach involves teaching emerging programming languages. This approach results in a variety of course desiderata including scope for instructor customization; alignment with current trends in language evolution, practice, and research; and congruence with industrial needs. We discuss the rationale for, the course mechanics supporting, and the consequences of this approach.

scholarly journals Application of Deep Learning in Petrographic Coal Images Segmentation

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1265
Author(s):  
Sebastian Iwaszenko ◽  
Leokadia Róg
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Ground Truth ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Domain Expert ◽  
Domain Experts ◽  
Everyday Work ◽  
Minimal Difference ◽  
Supporting Tool

The study of the petrographic structure of medium- and high-rank coals is important from both a cognitive and a utilitarian point of view. The petrographic constituents and their individual characteristics and features are responsible for the properties of coal and the way it behaves in various technological processes. This paper considers the application of convolutional neural networks for coal petrographic images segmentation. The U-Net-based model for segmentation was proposed. The network was trained to segment inertinite, liptinite, and vitrinite. The segmentations prepared manually by a domain expert were used as the ground truth. The results show that inertinite and vitrinite can be successfully segmented with minimal difference from the ground truth. The liptinite turned out to be much more difficult to segment. After usage of transfer learning, moderate results were obtained. Nevertheless, the application of the U-Net-based network for petrographic image segmentation was successful. The results are good enough to consider the method as a supporting tool for domain experts in everyday work.

scholarly journals Mobile Applications, An Emerging Powerful Tool for Dyslexia Screening and Intervention: A Systematic Literature Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (18) ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
Stratigoula Politi-Georgousi ◽  
Athanasios Drigas
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Mobile Applications ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Mobile Apps ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Mobile App ◽  
Detection Tool ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
Mathematical Difficulties ◽  
Key Steps

<p>Nowadays, mobile applications seem to play a vital role in both dyslexia screening and intervention, accumulating numerous assets and comforts in according to dyslexics’ needs and learning pace. Initial detection of students’ disabilities, followed by a corresponding intervention program were the best combination of actions in an attempt to any problem be confronted effectively. In our today’s society, mobile apps have been considered as an alternative approach for the success of these well-known key steps, as well. The aim of this literature review is to propose a great number of screening and treatment mobile applications for dyslexia. During the last decades these  have been developed or have been implemented, focused on different aspects of dyslexia symptoms (reading, writing, mathematical difficulties, memory etc.) The studies are categorized into two sections, based on the purpose for which mobile applications are used at a time. The first part reflects a mobile app as a detection tool, while the second part presents it as intervention tool.</p>

scholarly journals Abstraction of Computer Language Patterns

2014 ◽  
pp. 1401-1421
Author(s):  
Jaroslav Porubän ◽  
Ján Kollár ◽  
Miroslav Sabo
Keyword(s):  
Computer Language ◽  
Common Language ◽  
Domain Expert ◽  
Domain Experts ◽  
Computer Languages ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Language Patterns ◽  
Automated Inference ◽  
The Common ◽  
Technical People

In general, designing a domain-specific language (DSL) is a complicated process, requiring the cooperation of experts from both application domain and computer language development areas. One of the problems that may occur is a communication gap between a domain expert and a language engineer. Since domain experts are usually non-technical people, it might be difficult for them to express requirements on a DSL notation in a technical manner. Another compelling problem is that even though the majority of DSLs share the same notation style for representing the common language constructs, a language engineer has to formulate the specification for these constructs repeatedly for each new DSL being designed. The authors propose an innovative concept of computer language patterns to capture the well-known recurring notation style often seen in many computer languages. To address the communication problem, they aim for the way of proposing a DSL notation by providing program examples as they would have been written in a desired DSL. As a combination of these two ideas, the chapter presents a method for example-driven DSL notation specification (EDNS), which utilizes computer language patterns for semi-automated inference of a DSL notation specification from the provided program examples.

scholarly journals Integrating Historical Person Registers as Linked Open Data in the WarSampo Knowledge Graph

2020 ◽  
pp. 118-126
Author(s):  
Mikko Koho ◽  
Petri Leskinen ◽  
Eero Hyvönen
Keyword(s):  
Data Integration ◽  
Record Linkage ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Knowledge Graph ◽  
Distributed Data ◽  
Application Development ◽  
Named Entities ◽  
Domain Experts ◽  
World War 2 ◽  
Semantic Data

Abstract Semantic data integration from heterogeneous, distributed data silos enables Digital Humanities research and application development employing a larger, mutually enriched and interlinked knowledge graph. However, data integration is challenging, involving aligning the data models and reconciling the concepts and named entities, such as persons and places. This paper presents a record linkage process to reconcile person references in different military historical person registers with structured metadata. The information about persons is aggregated into a single knowledge graph. The process was applied to reconcile three person registers of the popular semantic portal “WarSampo – Finnish World War 2 on the Semantic Web”. The registers contain detailed information about some 100 000 people and are individually maintained by domain experts. Thus, the integration process needs to be automatic and adaptable to changes in the registers. An evaluation of the record linkage results is promising and provides some insight into military person register reconciliation in general.

Abstraction of Computer Language Patterns

2012 ◽  
pp. 365-385
Author(s):  
Jaroslav Porubän ◽  
Ján Kollár ◽  
Miroslav Sabo
Keyword(s):  
Computer Language ◽  
Common Language ◽  
Domain Expert ◽  
Domain Experts ◽  
Computer Languages ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Language Patterns ◽  
Automated Inference ◽  
The Common ◽  
Technical People

In general, designing a domain-specific language (DSL) is a complicated process, requiring the cooperation of experts from both application domain and computer language development areas. One of the problems that may occur is a communication gap between a domain expert and a language engineer. Since domain experts are usually non-technical people, it might be difficult for them to express requirements on a DSL notation in a technical manner. Another compelling problem is that even though the majority of DSLs share the same notation style for representing the common language constructs, a language engineer has to formulate the specification for these constructs repeatedly for each new DSL being designed. The authors propose an innovative concept of computer language patterns to capture the well-known recurring notation style often seen in many computer languages. To address the communication problem, they aim for the way of proposing a DSL notation by providing program examples as they would have been written in a desired DSL. As a combination of these two ideas, the chapter presents a method for example-driven DSL notation specification (EDNS), which utilizes computer language patterns for semi-automated inference of a DSL notation specification from the provided program examples.

Teaching a Micro Air Vehicle How to Fly as We Teach Babies How to Walk

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jae-Hung Han ◽  
Dong-Kyu Lee ◽  
Jun-Seong Lee ◽  
Sang-Joon Chung
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Levitation ◽  
Micro Air Vehicles ◽  
Ground Vehicles ◽  
Constraint Forces ◽  
Simple Task ◽  
Passive Stability ◽  
Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
Active Feedback ◽  
Constant Altitude

Micro Air Vehicles (MAVs) have become more attractive for various missions including surveillance or reconnaissance in recent years. MAVs should be capable of maintaining their attitudes through either inherent passive stability or active feedback in order to successfully perform their directives. Stability and Controllability Augmentation Systems (SCASs) are usually employed to enhance the flight performance of conventional aircrafts and Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs). However, it is no simple task to obtain an accurate numerical model for the flight dynamics of a MAV. An alternative approach for SCASs would be to incorporate reinforcement learning in order to address this numerical complexity. Such implementation has already been successful in other vehicles, such as unmanned ground vehicles (UGVs), because of their bettered stability compared to aerial vehicles. However, in order to train MAVs to learn how to fly, they must first be airborne. Similar to teaching infants how to walk, this paper presents a new method to provide an effective environment where a MAV can learn how to fly. A test setup was constructed to enable magnetic levitation of a MAV embedded with a permanent magnet. This apparatus allows for flexible experimentation: the position and the altitude of the MAV, the constraint forces, and the resulting moments are all adjustable and fixable. This ‘Pseudo Flight Environment’ was demonstrated with a fixed wing MAV model. In order for the model to maintain a constant altitude, a height hold control system was devised and implemented.

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