BIOMECHANICAL EVALUATION ON GAIT PATTERN OF PREGNANT SUBJECTS

2002 ◽  
Vol 02 (01) ◽  
pp. 99-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. A. ABU OSMAN ◽  
R. MAT GHAZALI
Keyword(s):  
Post Partum ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Gait Pattern ◽  
The Body ◽  
Step Width ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Anatomical Changes ◽  
Biomechanical Evaluation ◽  
The Subject

Many physiological and anatomical changes occurring during the pregnancy period have been widely documented and reported in the literature. This study involved the participation of pregnant subjects, divided into their respective trimester periods, with post-partum normal subjects. Kinetics analyses were performed on each subject using the Peak Motus 2000 system, and comparison between the pregnant subjects in different trimester, and also the post-partum normal subjects, were conducted. The step width generally increases as the subject is progressing through her pregnancy periods. From the average, the step width increases from 0.168 m in the first trimester to 0.350 m in the third trimester, which is an increase of nearly 50%. It can be generally appreciated that the step width increases as the pregnancy period progresses. It shows that these increases may be attributed to the increase of the body weight of the subject as she gains more weight towards the end of her pregnancy.

scholarly journals Identification of Potential Biomarkers for Early Prediction of Gestational Diabetes

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 645-645
Author(s):  
Lauren McMichael ◽  
Catherine Johnson ◽  
Rob Fanter ◽  
Alex Brito ◽  
Noemi Alarcon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
The United States ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Purine Derivative ◽  
Potential Biomarkers

Abstract Objectives Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is present in up to 10% of pregnancies in the United States. The occurrence of GDM causes severe short- and long-term complications for the mother and offspring. baby pre- and post-partum. Identification of the metabolites and potential biomarkers involved in GDM could improve the prediction of its occurence. The integration of food data with metabolite results could provide innovative diet intervention strategies. The objective of this study is to identify metabolites that differed in the first and third trimesters of GDM versus Non-GDM pregnancies. Methods Participants were 68 OW/OB pregnant women enrolled in the Healthy Beginnings Trial and completed blood draws at first (10–16 weeks) and third trimester (28–35 weeks).  Participants from the control and dietary intervention group who developed GDM (n = 34; GDM group) were matched on age, BMI, ethnicity, and treatment group with those who did not develop GDM (n = 34; Non-GDM group). Plasma samples were analyzed by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-hybrid triple-quadrupole linear ion trap mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTRAP) using three targeted metabolomics assays for primary metabolomics, aminomics and lipdomics. Dietary intake was estimated using 24 hour recalls in order to assess potential dietary differences between groups. Results A total of 243 metabolites were identified in the plasma samples. At first trimester, several complex lipids, including cholestryl esters and phospholipids, were higher in the GDM group (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the purine derivative hypoxanthine was also higher in GDM subjects (P < 0.05). At third trimester, multiple acylcarnitines, associated with utilization of fat for energy, were lower in the GDM group (P < 0.05). Conclusions Metabolite differences between GDM and Non-GDM groups in plasma samples collected during first trimester may predict the development of GDM. Further research is required to identify the roles these metabolite changes play in the development of this disease. Funding Sources NIH National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI; HL114377), ARI #58,875, Cal Poly CAFES SURP.

scholarly journals OBSTETRICAL ACUTE RENAL FAILURE;

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (03) ◽  
pp. 429-432
Author(s):  
AMBREEN GHORI ◽  
CHANDRA MADHUDAS ◽  
FERKHUNDA KHURSHID ◽  
Jamila Siakndari ◽  
Tarachand Devrajani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Acute Renal Failure ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Care Facilities ◽  
Poor Health Care ◽  
One Year

Background & Objective: Acute renal failure is one of serious complication in pregnancy, in first trimester is usuallyrelated to unregulated and septic miscarriage while in third trimester it is due to obstetric complications. This prospective case seriousdescriptive study was conducted to determine the frequency, etiology and outcome of patients suffering from acute renal failure.Settings: Department of Gynecology & Obstetric at Liaquat University Hospital Hyderabad. Duration: One year (from 1st June 2011 to31st May 2012) Patients and Methods: Patients admitted in labor room during antepartum, intrapartum or post partum period werescrutinized by history, clinical examination, and investigations. Those with urine output less than 50cc in 24hours were defined as case ofARF. Predesigned proforma filled to analyze etiology and outcome of patients with acute renal failure. Results: Out of 3220 patientsadmitted, 35 patients presented with acute renal failure giving incidence of 1.080%. APH(28.57%), PPH(25.7%), P.sepsis (14.28%) andHypertensive disorder(5.14%) were leading cause of ARF. 60% patients recovered from injury and mortality in these patients were 11.4%.Conclusions: Poor health care facilities and lack of quality antenatal healthcare clinics were the major identified causes.

scholarly journals STUDIES ON CALCIUM AND MAGNESIUM METABOLISM IN DISEASE

1920 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank P. Underhill ◽  
James A. Honeij ◽  
L. Jean Bogert ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Normal Subjects ◽  
The Body ◽  
Poor Diet ◽  
Normal Individuals ◽  
Normal Ratio ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Calcium Exchange ◽  
Calcium And Magnesium ◽  
Magnesium Excretion ◽  
Progressive Stage

In the stabilized stage of exostosis calcium exchange differs little from that of a normal individual whether the abnormal subject is maintained upon a calcium-poor diet or upon one rich in this element. In the progressive stage of the disease calcium metabolism is markedly different from the normal in that calcium is lost from the body in large amounts when the subject is maintained upon a calcium-poor diet. This excessive elimination of calcium is by way of both the urine and feces in a normal ratio. When placed upon a calcium-rich diet calcium is retained to an extent not widely deviating from that obtained in normal subjects. A resumption to a calcium-poor diet again induces excessive calcium elimination. In the stabilized stage of exostosis magnesium excretion is two or three times greater than the intake whether the subject is maintained upon a diet poor or rich in magnesium. In the progressive stage of the disease the general type of magnesium excretion resembles that of the stabilized stage but the degree of elimination is not so marked. Magnesium added to the diet in the stabilized stage is promptly excreted. The same test applied to the progressive stage gives evidence of retention of some magnesium. The degree of retention, however, is much less than that shown by normal individuals. Absorption of both calcium and magnesium in exostosis is not inferior to that of normal subjects. The facts enumerated suggest that in the early stages of exostosis, that is during the proliferative cartilage changes, the progress of the disease may perhaps be checked by proper dietary procedure — restriction of calcium and magnesium intake.

scholarly journals PENGARUH SENAM NIFAS DALAM PENINGKATAN PRODUKSI ASI

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (02) ◽  
pp. 138
Author(s):  
Naomi Parmila Hesti Savitri ◽  
Suryanti .
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
T Test ◽  
The Body ◽  
Experimental Data Processing ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Processing Program ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Village

ABSTRAKMenyusui secara eksklusif dimulai dengan inisiasi menyusu dini yang dilanjutkan selama 6 bulan dan diteruskan sampai anak berusia 2 tahun. Hal ini dapat membantu mengurangi dua per tiga tingkat kematian anak-anak usia di bawah 5 tahun. Setelah melahirkan, seorang wanita memerlukan pemulihan kondisi kesehatan untuk memenuhi produksi air susu. Senam nifas membantu memperbaiki kondisi tubuh dengan memperlancar sirkulasi darah dan metabolisme tubuh, sehingga membantu hormone oksitosin dan prolaktin bekerja optimal di daerah alveoli dan dapat menambah energi dalam tubuh untuk menyediakan ASI secara optimal. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui peningkatkan produksi air susu ibu dengan pemanfaatan Senam Nifas. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah ibu nifas hari ke 4 sampai ke 7 di Desa Tritih Kulon, Kecamatan Cilacap Utara, Kabupaten Cilacap. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik sampel incidental dengan metode penelitian eksperimental, dilanjutkan dengan pengolahan data menggunakan program SPSS 17 dengan uji T test related. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh adalah t hitung > t tabel (11.75 > 2,042). Kesimpulan penelitian ini yaitu terdapat perbedaan signifikan peningkatan produksi ASI untuk mendukung ASI Eksklusif sebelum dan sesudah dilakukan Senam Nifas pada ibu post partum.Kata Kunci : Senam Nifas, Produksi ASI, Post PartumINFLUENCE OF POSTPARTUM EXERCISE  IN INCREASING ASI PRODUCTION ABSTRACTBreastfeeding exclusively began with the initiation of early the sucking continued for 6 months and continues until the child is two years old. This can help reduce the two-thirds the mortality rate of children aged under 5 years. After giving birth, a woman requires the restoration of health conditions to meet the production of breast milk. Postpartum exercise can help improve the condition of the body with smooth blood circulation and body metabolism, there by helping the hormone oxytocin and prolactin to work optimally in the area of the alveoli and can add to the energy in your body to provide breast milk in optimal. The goal in this research is to know the increased production of breast milk with the utilization of Postpartum exercise. The subject in this study was the mother of postpartum day 4 to 7 in the village of Tritih Kulon Subdistrict, Cilacap Regency. This research uses techniques sample incidental with research methods, followed by experimental data processing program using SPSS T test 17 with related. The research results obtained are t calculate > t table (11.75 > 2.042). Conclusion this study is There is a significant difference in increasing the production of breast milk to support the ASI Exclusive Postpartum exercise performed before and after Postpartum exercise on maternal post.Keywords: Postpartum exercise, The Production Of breast milk, Post partum

scholarly journals THE CO-EXISTENCE OF CHRONIC LEUKEMIA AND PREGNANCY

Blood ◽  
1947 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 592-596 ◽  
Author(s):  
JONAH G. LI ◽  
ALICE MCBRIDE ◽  
STACY R. METTIER
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Myelogenous Leukemia ◽  
Long Bones ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Specific Therapy ◽  
The Third ◽  
Irradiation Therapy ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Period Of Gestation

Abstract The co-existence of pregnancy in 4 patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia has been reported. One patient was known to have had chronic myelogenous leukemia 3 years prior to her pregnancy. The diagnosis of leukemia was made during the course of pregnancy in the remaining 3 patients; 1 in the first trimester, the other 2 in the third trimester. No specific therapy was required in any of the patients during pregnancy. Their children at birth showed no stigmata of leukemia. Current literature on the subject has been reviewed. The consensus is that pregnancy does not influence the prognosis of chronic myelogenous leukemia. During the period of gestation, the symptoms can be controlled by administration of a solution of potassium arsenite (Fowler’s solution) and irradiation therapy over long bones, spleen and mediastinum without exposing the fetus.

scholarly journals Modeling the possibility of occurrence of overactive bladder in women of different ages, depending on anthropo-somatotypological indicators or hormonal background with the help of discriminant analysis

2019 ◽  
pp. 73-79
Author(s):  
І. Yu. Kostyuk ◽  
G. V. Chayka ◽  
M. S. Storozhuk ◽  
О.К. Таrаsiuk
Keyword(s):  
Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
The Body ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
The Third ◽  
Distal Epiphysis ◽  
First Trimester Of Pregnancy ◽  
Upper Third

One of the most important problems of modern urogynecology is the improvement of the treatment-diagnostic algorithm and prevention of overactive bladder syndrome (OAB). The purpose of the work is to construct and analyze discriminant models of the possibility of OAB occurrence in pregnant women of different age groups depending on the characteristics of anthropo-somatotypological indicators or hormonal background. 75 pregnant women with clinical signs of OAB syndrome and 60 healthy pregnant women had hormonal screening in the 1st and 3rd trimester of pregnancy and at 16 weeks postpartum using radioimmunoassay and immune enzyme methods (estradiol, progesterone, thyroid stimulating hormone and testosterone levels were determined). The anthropometry was carried out according to the method of V. V. Bunak, the components of the somatotype were determined according to the method of J. Carter and B. Heath, as well as the components of the body composition according to the method of J. Matiegka and the American Institute of Nutrition (AIN). By age, all pregnant women were divided into 3 subgroups: І - from 17 to 25 years, ІІ - from 26 to 35 years, ІІІ - from 36 to 41 years. A discriminant analysis of the possibility of OAB occurrence, depending on the anthropo-somatotypological or hormonal indices in women of different age groups, was conducted using the licensing program “Statistica 5.5”. When taken into account anthropo-somatotypological indices in women aged from 17 to 25 years, the model is correct in 86.7% of cases; in women aged from 26 to 35 years - in 90.9% of cases; in women between the ages of 36 and 41 years - in 89.3% of cases. Between healthy and OAB patients, women aged from 17 to 25 years discriminating variables are the width of the distal epiphysis of the shoulder (which has the greatest contribution to discrimination), conjugata externa, the muscle component of the body weight by AIN and the forearm's girth in the upper third; women from 26 to 35 years - dist. Іntеrtrochantericа, the width of the distal epiphyses of the forearm (the greatest contribution to discrimination), hip circumference, conjugata externa, mesomorphic component of the somatotype according to by Heath-Carter, fat mass component of the body by Matiegka, the forearm's girth in the upper third and the shoulder girth; women of age from 36 to 41 years - the width of the distal epiphysis of the leg (which has the greatest contribution to discrimination) and the length of the body. In general, the aggregate of all variables has a low level of discrimination between healthy and sick with OAB women between the ages of 17 and 25 (Wilkes Lambda statistics = 0.531; F = 5.521; p <0.01) and 36-41 years (Wilkes Lambda statistics = 0.445; F = 15.62; p <0.001), while among women between the ages of 26 and 35 - the average level of discrimination (Wilkes Lambda statistics = 0.386; F = 13.52; p <0.001). When taken into account characteristics of the hormonal background in women of all ages, the model is correct in 100% of cases. Between healthy and OAB patients, of 17-25 years age, discriminant variables are estradiol levels at 16 weeks of postpartum (with the largest contribution to discrimination) and prolactin levels in the first trimester of pregnancy; women aged from 26 to 35 years - estradiol levels at 16 weeks of postpartum (the most contributing to discrimination), testosterone in the third trimester of pregnancy, estradiol in the third trimester of pregnancy, prolactin in the third trimester of pregnancy, estradiol in the first trimester of pregnancy, and testosterone levels in the first trimester of pregnancy; women aged from 36 to 41 years - estradiol in the third trimester of pregnancy (has the largest contribution to discrimination) and estradiol in the 16 weeks of postpartum period. In general, the totality of all variables has a low level of discrimination between healthy and sick at OAB women between the ages of 17 and 25 (Wilkes Lambda statistics = 0.619; F = 131.4; p <0.001) and ages 26-35 (Wilks Lambda statistics = 0.493; F = 224.9; p <0.001), while among women between the ages of 36 and 41 - the average level of discrimination (Wilkes Lambda statistics = 0.371; F = 207.4; p <0.001). Thus, with the aid of discriminant analysis, reliable models of the possibility of OAB occurrence, based on anthropo-somatotypological or hormonal indices in women of different age groups, are constructed. In all age groups, the greatest contribution to discrimination between healthy and sick with OAB pregnant women, in most cases, make parameters of the width of distal epiphyses of long limb bones or the level of estradiol.

scholarly journals Appraisal of A1c% level in healthy Sudanese pregnant women in reference to body mass index

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 1835
Author(s):  
Abdelgadir Ali Elmugadam ◽  
Marwan Ismail ◽  
Abdelgadir Eltom
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Concentration

Background: Pregnancy is a major endocrine event in the female lifespan, involving wide-ranged and often dramatic changes in the metabolism of various hormones. Cross sectional, case control, analytical quantitative study was conducted in Sudan, Khartoum state in Yastabsheron obstetric hospital during the period from March to August 2011. Analytical and statistical methods were applied to measure the concentration of A1c% in healthy pregnant women as well as in healthy non-pregnant women to assess the difference in the results.Methods: Blood samples were taken from a total of 90 healthy pregnant women (case group) and 30 healthy non-pregnant women (control group), then samples were analyzed for A1c% by using affinity chromatography technique, and results were recorded in addition to their age, body mass index and the number of pregnancies.Results: showed that, the mean concentration of the A1c% in cases group was (4.407±1.054%) in first trimester, (4.797±0.631) % in second trimester and (4.833±0.626) % in third trimester, and (5.670±0.471%) in control group with a P value of 0.00, indicating the highly significant difference between the two groups. Others finding showed that the mean concentration of A1c% of the first trimester is lower than that of the second and third trimesters, also there was no significant difference between the mean concentration of the second and third trimester. A significant weak positive correlation between A1c% concentration with body mass index and the age of pregnant women.Conclusions: Healthy normal pregnant women have lower A1c% concentrations than non-pregnant women which can be impute to the reduce in plasma glucose values and to the shortened erythrocyte life span that can occur during pregnancy. The body mass index and age affect the concentration of A1c% c, but it is not affected by gravida.

scholarly journals Morphological and Postural Changes in the Foot during Pregnancy and Puerperium: A Longitudinal Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 2423
Author(s):  
Monserrat Alcahuz-Griñan ◽  
Pilar Nieto-Gil ◽  
Pedro Perez-Soriano ◽  
Gabriel Gijon-Nogueron
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Postpartum Period ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
The Body ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
The Third ◽  
Foot Length ◽  
Postural Changes ◽  
Foot Posture ◽  
The Right

The aim of this study is to observe the morphological and postural changes to the foot that take place during pregnancy and the puerperium. Method: In this descriptive, observational, longitudinal study, we analysed 23 pregnant women, with particular attention to morphological and postural aspects of the foot, at three time points during and after pregnancy: in weeks 9–13 of gestation, weeks 32–35 of gestation and weeks 4–6 after delivery. The parameters considered were changes in foot length, the Foot Posture Index (FPI) and the Hernández Corvo Index, which were analysed using a pedigraph and taking into account the Body Mass Index (BMI). The same procedure was conducted in each review. Results: The statistical analyses obtained for each foot did not differ significantly between the three measurement times. A pronator-type footprint was most frequently observed during the third trimester of pregnancy; it was predominantly neutral during the postpartum period. Statistically significant differences between the measurement times were obtained in the right foot for cavus vs. neutral foot type (between the first and third trimesters and also between the first trimester and the puerperium) (in both cases, p < 0.0001). Conclusions: Foot length increases in the third trimester and returns to normal in the puerperium. According to FPI findings, the third trimester of pregnancy is characterised by pronation, while the posture returns to neutrality during the postpartum period. During pregnancy, the plantar arch flattens, and this persists during the puerperium. The incidence of cavus foot increases significantly in the third trimester and in the puerperium.

scholarly journals Intrauterine Single Fetal Demise in Twin Pregnancy

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-57
Author(s):  
Roksana Haque ◽  
Md Mizanur Rahman ◽  
Khaleda Akhter
Keyword(s):  
Fetal Death ◽  
Preterm Labour ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Fetal Monitoring ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Fetal Demise ◽  
First Case ◽  
Fetal Complications ◽  
Second Twin

Intrauterine demise of one of the twin fetuses during second or third trimester of pregnancy is an uncommon complication. Fetal death of a twin during the first trimester is not an uncommon event and does not appear to impair the development of the second twin. However, fetal death during second or third trimester may increase the risk of IUGR, microcephaly, cerebral encephalomalacia, pre eclampsia, preterm labour, perinatal mortality. We present two cases with single fetal demise. Death of one of the two fetuses occurred at 23 weeks of gestation in the first case and at 33 weeks in the second case. Both patients were managed conservatively with close fetal monitoring and serial assessment of mother’s clotting profile. Cesarean section was done especially due to patients’ interest at 34 weeks and 35 weeks respectively. A fetus papyraceous was found in the first case. Both the cases were dichorionic diamniotic pregnancies with no maternal and fetal complications during pregnancy or the post partum period.Delta Med Col J. Jan 2018 6(1): 53-57

Hormonal changes causing rhinitis in pregnancy among Malaysian women

2013 ◽  
Vol 127 (9) ◽  
pp. 876-881 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Indirani ◽  
R Raman ◽  
S Z Omar
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽  
Hormonal Changes ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
The Third ◽  
Pregnancy Rhinitis ◽  
In Pregnancy ◽  
Malaysian Women

AbstractObjectives:To investigate the aetiology of rhinitis occurring in pregnancy, by (1) describing the relationship between pregnancy rhinitis and serum oestrogen, progesterone, placental growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor, and (2) assessing the prevalence of pregnancy rhinitis among Malaysian women.Methods:Prospective study involving 30 pregnant women followed at an ante-natal clinic for 14 months. Hormone levels were analysed during pregnancy and the post-partum period.Results:Levels of all four hormones were elevated in the third trimester, compared with first trimester and post-partum values. Rhinitis patients had higher levels of oestrogen and insulin-like growth factor 1 in the third trimester than non-rhinitis patients, although these differences were not statistically significant. The prevalence of rhinitis was 53.3 per cent, with most cases occurring in the third trimester. Patients with pregnancy rhinitis had a higher prevalence of female babies, compared with non-rhinitis patients (p = 0.003).Conclusions:Pregnancy rhinitis was significantly more common in women giving birth to female babies. Women with pregnancy rhinitis had a non-significant elevation in oestrogen and insulin-like growth factor 1 levels, compared with those without rhinitis.

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