RUTHENIUM DOPED ZnO SEMICONDUCTOR: SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION AND PHOTODEGRADATION OF AZO DYE

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (02) ◽  
pp. 1350009 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. R. ARANGANAYAGAM ◽  
S. SENTHILKUMAAR ◽  
N. GANAPATHI SUBRAMANIAM ◽  
T. WANG KANG
Keyword(s):  
Photocatalytic Activity ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Azo Dye ◽  
Heterogeneous Reaction ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Elementary Chemical Reaction ◽  
Doped Zno ◽  
Cr Concentration

Ruthenium doped zinc oxide was synthesized by a simple sol–gel method via ultrasonication. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, high resolution scanning electron microscopy (HR-SEM), high resolution transmission electron microscope (HR-TEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and UV-visible spectroscopy techniques and tested for the feasibility as a heterogeneous photocatalyst. The photocatalytic activity of Ru doped ZnO was tested using an azo dye, congo red (CR) in an aqueous solution, as a model compound. For comparison, the photocatalytic activity of pure ZnO was also performed. The parameters studied include the effect of initial CR concentration, photocatalyst weight and charge transfer phenomenon. The observed reaction mechanism was rationalized based on the elementary chemical reaction occurring in the irradiated heterogeneous reaction mixture. Total mineralization of CR was observed for both pure and Ru doped ZnO system. However, the photocatalytic activity of Ru doped ZnO was found to be higher than that of a pure ZnO .

The Preparation and Photocatalytic Activity of SWNTs Doped ZnO/TiO2 Compound Films

2010 ◽  
Vol 97-101 ◽  
pp. 1611-1615 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing Wang ◽  
Xin Li Li ◽  
Wei Nie ◽  
Yong Mei Xia ◽  
Jian Feng Dai
Keyword(s):  
Photocatalytic Activity ◽  
Absorption Spectra ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Composite Films ◽  
Wavelength Region ◽  
Tio2 Films ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Sol Gel Process ◽  
Doped Zno ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes

The ZnO/TiO2 composite films were deposited over glass using spin coating technique by sol-gel process. Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) were used to modify the ZnO/TiO2 films successfully in this paper. The structure and composition of the ZnO/TiO2 composite and SWNTs doped ZnO/TiO2 composite were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The morphology of samples was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The photocatalytic activity was investigated by photocatalytic degradation of aqueous methyl orange under ultraviolet (UV) radiation. The UV-vis absorption spectra of the ZnO/TiO2 films and SWNTs doped ZnO/TiO2 films in the wavelength region 200~800 nm were obtained. The results indicate that the SWNTs addition can decrease the grain size of ZnO/TiO2, which can enhance the photocatalytic activity. UV-vis absorption spectra of SWNTs-ZnO/TiO2 showed obvious blue shifts compared with ZnO/TiO2. The optimal amount of doping SWNTs is 1% according to this research. The enhanced mechanism of the SWNTs for the photocatalytic activity in ZnO/TiO2 films was analyzed in this article.

Effect of Rb+ -Doping on the Crystallization, Phase Transition and Photocatalytic Activity of Nanosized TiO2 Catalyst

2012 ◽  
Vol 476-478 ◽  
pp. 954-957 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhao Hui Ni ◽  
Xiao Li Kou ◽  
Xin Yu Ding ◽  
Cun Wang Ge ◽  
Xiao Hui Jing
Keyword(s):  
Photocatalytic Activity ◽  
Methyl Orange ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Rutile Phase ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Kinetics Of

In order to study the ion effect on titania phase structure, crystallite size, and photocatalytic activity, Rb+-doped TiO2 nanoparticles were prepared via a modified sol-gel method and characterized by means of X-ray diffraction, Energy Dispersive X-rays spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The photocatalytic activity of the elaborated powders was studied following the degradation of methyl orange. The results indicate that doping Rb+ increases the BET surface area of TiO2 crystals, decreases the crystal size, reduces the diminishing rates of surface area with increasing calcinations temperature, raises the temperature at which anatase changes into rutile phase, and so significantly increases the photocatalytic activity of TiO2. The kinetics of the methyl orange degradation fits Langmuir-Hinshelwood kinetics model well.

scholarly journals Improved Visible Light Photocatalytic Activity for TiO2Nanomaterials by Codoping with Zinc and Sulfur

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qianzhi Xu ◽  
Xiuying Wang ◽  
Xiaoli Dong ◽  
Chun Ma ◽  
Xiufang Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photocatalytic Activity ◽  
Visible Light ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Sunlight Irradiation ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Photoinduced Charge

S/Zn codoped TiO2nanomaterials were synthesized by a sol-gel method. X-ray diffraction, UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, photoluminescence spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were used to characterize the morphology, structure, and optical properties of the prepared samples. The introduction of Zn and S resulted in significant red shift of absorption edge for TiO2-based nanomaterials. The photocatalytic activity was evaluated by degrading reactive brilliant red X-3B solution under simulated sunlight irradiation. The results showed S/Zn codoped TiO2exhibited higher photocatalytic activity than pure TiO2and commercial P25, due to the photosynergistic effect of obvious visible light absorption, efficient separation of photoinduced charge carriers, and large surface area. Moreover, the content of Zn and S in the composites played important roles in photocatalytic activity of TiO2-based nanomaterials.

Preparation and Optical Property of Mn-Doped ZnO Nanorods

2011 ◽  
Vol 189-193 ◽  
pp. 643-647
Author(s):  
Chuan Sheng Chen ◽  
Tian Gui Liu ◽  
Liang Wu Lin ◽  
Xi Li Xie ◽  
Zhen Wu Ning ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Property ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Zno Nanorods ◽  
Blue Emission ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Uv Emission ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Doped Zno ◽  
Electron Microscopes ◽  
Mn Doped

Mn-doped ZnO (Zn0.97Mn0.03O) nanorods were synthesized by sol-gel method combined with subsequent heat treatment. The structure and optical property of Mn-doped ZnO nanorods were studied by x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and fluorescence. The results of electron microscopes illuminate that the Zn0.97Mn0.03O nanorods are prepared at calcinations of 450 under the protection of nitrogen. The Zn0.97Mn0.03O nanorods are composed of small particles of size 20–30 nm. Fluorescence spectra of Zn0.97Mn0.03O nanorods exhibit that there are two very strong blue emission peaks at 451 nm and 461nm except a strong UV emission at 396 nm.

scholarly journals Photocatalytic Activity of Nickel Doped CoO Nanocomposite for the Degradation of Azure A Dye

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 240-244
Author(s):  
Nirmal Singh ◽  
Avinash Kumar Rai ◽  
Ritu Vyas ◽  
Rameshwar Ameta
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Photocatalytic Activity ◽  
Degradation Rate ◽  
Dye Degradation ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Azure A ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Working Parameters

Nanocrystalline cobalt(II) oxide doped with nickel was prepared using the sol-gel method and employed as a photocatalyst for azure A dye degradation under visible light. The prepared photocatalyst was analyzed using energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) techniques. The photocatalytic activity of Ni-doped CoO under different working parameters, like concentration, pH, dosage (Ni-doped and undoped CoO), light intensity for the degradation of azure A dye was also optimzed. It was observed that the dye degradation rate improved after doping. Approximately 76% and 85% of azure A dye was degraded within 90 min through undoped and Ni-doped CoO, respectively.

Investigation on Nano-Sized ZnO Powder Doped with Al3+ Prepared by Sol-Gel Method

2012 ◽  
Vol 621 ◽  
pp. 3-7
Author(s):  
Yu Xiong ◽  
Ji Zheng ◽  
Song Lin Li ◽  
Xue Jia Liu ◽  
Lu Liang
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Nano Powder ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Sol Gel Process ◽  
Doped Zno ◽  
Zno Powder ◽  
Tin Tetrachloride

Al3+-doped ZnO nano-powder was prepared by sol-gel process, using tin tetrachloride and titanium tetrachloride as starting materials. The crystallinity and purity of the powder were analyzed by X-ray diffraction spectrometer (XRD). And the size and distribution of Al3+-doped ZnO grains were studied using transmission electron microscope (TEM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results showed that the Al3+ was successfully doped into the crystal lattice of tin oxide and that the electric conductivity of Al3+-doped ZnO sample was improved significantly.

scholarly journals Enhancement of Photocatalytic Activity of ZnO/SiO2by Nanosized Pt for Photocatalytic Degradation of Phenol in Wastewater

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. Mohamed ◽  
M. A. Barakat
Keyword(s):  
Photocatalytic Activity ◽  
Photocatalytic Degradation ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Phenol Degradation ◽  
Synthetic Wastewater ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron

ZnO- nanoparticles were synthesized by a sol-gel technique from and tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS). The synthesized samples were further modified by nanosized Pt from H2PtCl6solution through photoassisted deposition (PAD) and impregnation (Img) routes. The obtained samples were characterized by a series of techniques including X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, N2adsorption, extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The photocatalytic activity of the Pt-ZnO/ was evaluated by photocatalytic degradation of phenol in synthetic wastewater under UV-irradiation. Results obtained revealed that the surface area and the photocatalytic activity of the prepared samples were increased in the order ZnO/ < PAD: Pt-ZnO/ < img: Pt-ZnO/. The surface area decreased from 480 to 460 and 450 m2/g, while the efficiency of the phenol degradation increased from 80 to 85 and 100%, with the ZnO/, Img: Pt-ZnO-, and PAD: Pt-ZnO- samples, respectively.

Synthesis of LaMnO3–Diamond Composites and Their Photocatalytic Activity in the Degradation of Weak Acid Red C-3GN

NANO ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 1850121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Huang ◽  
Benqian Lu ◽  
Yuanyuan Liu ◽  
Xeuqian Wang ◽  
Jie Hu
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Photocatalytic Activity ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Peak Position ◽  
Weak Acid ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Excellent Photocatalytic Activity ◽  
The Fourier Transform

In this study, a series of LaMnO3–diamond composites with varied LaMnO3 mass contents supported on micro-diamond have been synthesized using a sol–gel method. The as-prepared composites were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Raman spectroscopy and the Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR). Meanwhile, the photocatalytic performances were also tested by photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy, ultraviolet–visible diffuse reflection spectra (UV-Vis DRS) and the degradation of weak acid red C-3GN (RC-3GN). Results show that the peak position of LaMnO3 is shifted to low angle after the introduction of diamond, and perovskite particles uniformly distributed on the surface of diamond, forming a network structure, which can increase the active sites and the absorption of dye molecules. When the mass ratio of LaMnO3 and diamond is 1:2 (LMO–Dia-2), the composite shows the most excellent photocatalytic activity. This result offers a sample route to enlarge the range of the application of micro-diamond and provide a new carrier for perovskite photocatalysts.

scholarly journals Magnetically Separable Chiral Periodic Mesoporous Organosilica Nanoparticles

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (17) ◽  
pp. 5960
Author(s):  
Suheir Omar ◽  
Raed Abu-Reziq
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Periodic Mesoporous Organosilica ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Mesoporous Organosilica ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Sol Gel Process ◽  
First Time

We describe, for the first time, a successful strategy for synthesizing chiral periodic mesoporous organosilica nanoparticles (PMO NPs). The chiral PMO nanoparticles were synthesized in a sol–gel process under mild conditions; their preparation was mediated by hydrolysis and condensation of chiral-bridged organo-alkoxysilane precursor compounds, (OR‘)3Si-R-Si(OR‘)3, in the presence of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) surfactant. The resulting nanoparticles were composed merely from a chiral- bridged organo-alkoxysilane monomer. These systems were prepared by applying different surfactants and ligands that finally afforded monodispersed chiral PMO NPs consisting of 100% bridged-organosilane precursor. In addition, the major advancement that was achieved here was, for the first time, success in preparing magnetic chiral PMO NPs. These nanoparticles were synthesized by the co-polymerization of 1,1′-((1R,2R)-1,2-diphenylethane-1,2-diyl)bis(3-(3-(triethoxysilyl) propyl) urea) chiral monomer by an oil in water (o/w) emulsion process, to afford magnetic chiral PMO NPs with magnetite NPs in their cores. The obtained materials were characterized with high-resolution scanning electron microscopy (HR-SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), solid-state NMR analysis, circular dichroism (CD) analysis, and nitrogen sorption analysis (N2-BET).

scholarly journals One-Step Synthesis of b-N-TiO2/C Nanocomposites with High Visible Light Photocatalytic Activity to Degrade Microcystis aeruginosa

Catalysts ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 579
Author(s):  
Xu Zhang ◽  
Min Cai ◽  
Naxin Cui ◽  
Guifa Chen ◽  
Guoyan Zou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Photocatalytic Activity ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Paramagnetic Resonance ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
One Step

Black TiO2 with doped nitrogen and modified carbon (b-N-TiO2/C) were successfully prepared by sol-gel method in the presence of urea as a source of nitrogen and carbon. The photocatalysts were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Raman, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), and UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectra (DRS). The doped nitrogen, introduced defects, and modified carbon played a synergistic role in enhancing photocatalytic activity of b-N-TiO2/C for the degradation of chlorophyll-a in algae cells. The sample, with a proper amount of phase composition and oxygen vacancies, showed the highest efficiency to degrade chlorophyll-a, and the addition of H2O2 promoted this photocatalysis degradation. Based on the trapping experiments and electron spin resonance (ESR) signals, a photocatalytic mechanism of b-N-TiO2/C was proposed. In the photocatalytic degradation of chlorophyll-a, the major reactive species were identified as OH and O2−. This research may provide new insights into the photocatalytic inactivation of algae cells by composite photocatalysts.

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