Chinese Democratisation: The Nature and Role of the Middle Class

2013 ◽  
Vol 05 (03) ◽  
pp. 57-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaobo HU
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
Political Development ◽  
New Middle Class ◽  
The World

Rapid economic development and a rising middle class have given hope to China's political development. The democratisation history around the world provides clues to the possible directions China's new middle class might be heading in politics. The conservative Chinese middle class is predicted to make China's democratisation more stable than volatile, more gradual than radical. China may experience a long but steady path towards democratisation just like other major democratised countries.

Global Wars, Public Debts, and the Long Cycle

1983 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 489-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen A. Rasler ◽  
William R. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Great Britain ◽  
Longitudinal Analysis ◽  
Public Debt ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Long Cycle ◽  
Public Credit ◽  
The World

The explanation of the rise and fall of the world system's leading powers in terms of uneven economic development tends to overlook the role of the creation and management of public credit and national debts. Prior to 1815, the Netherlands and Great Britain owed a significant proportion of their respective victories over the larger and wealthier states of Spain and France to the development of competitive financial capabilities. Winning, however, leads to higher absolute debt burdens which, prior to 1945, encouraged postwar reductions in governmental expenditures. In this fashion, world leaders have contributed to the erosion of their preponderant capability positions before the emergence of international rivals. These ideas are elaborated within the context of George Modelski's long cycle of world leadership theory and through a brief review of war-related financial problems between 1500 and 1815 and the consequent development of national debts. The longitudinal analysis of British and American public debt data provides collaborating empirical support.

The Role of Technology to Achieve Sustainable Economic Development in Africa

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 30-41
Author(s):  
Sally M. Farid
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Potential Growth ◽  
Annual Series ◽  
Development Indicators ◽  
Telecommunications Infrastructure ◽  
Sustainable Economic Development ◽  
The World

Objective - The purpose of this paper is to study how the technological innovation can achieve and promote sustainable development particularly in Africa. It considers forms of innovation technology that could enhance sustainable development. Methodology/Technique - The data used in this paper includes 54 African countries and the study period is from 2000 to 2014, using data on IT that measures the stock of telecommunications infrastructure as telecommunications investment. The GDP series represents annual real GDP in the prices of 2000. Annual series for IT and GDP were collected from the World Development Indicators of the World Bank database in 2015. Findings - The paper presents the concept and strategies of Sustainable Economic Development, discusses existing technologies in sustainable development, shows the role of technology in sustainable development, and presents the information and communication technology to promote economic development in Africa and the obstacles to set up policies for innovation technology in Africa. Novelty - The results have major implications. Firstly, the access to telecommunications services contributes towards economic growth. Secondly, an appropriate regulatory environment is necessary to realize the potential growth in telecommunications demand generated by increased income. Type of Paper - Empirical Keywords: Technology; Sustainable Economic Development; ICT in Africa.

scholarly journals The Role of Kuzbass in the New Strategy of Socio-Economic Development of Russia in the Fourth System Cycle of Capitalist Accumulation: the World-System Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 04032 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalya Osokina
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
System Integration ◽  
Capital Accumulation ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
World System ◽  
The World ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
Conceptual Foundations

The aim of the research is to develop the conceptual foundations of the strategy of socio-economic development for mining region (on the example of Kuzbass) under the conditions of the fourth systemic cycle of capitalist accumulation. The relevance of the issue is determined by the need to eliminate the growing lag of Russia behind the world economy leaders, which is impossible without a new vision of the role of resourceproducing regions in the national economic system. Integration of Russia into the capitalist world-system on the basis of the Washington Consensus has formed in it a raw-materials export model in which its natural resources serve the accelerated economic growth of the competing countries. The accumulation of individual capitals dominates the social capital accumulation, which leads to a reduction in Russia's share in world GDP and population. This article presents the conceptual foundations of the Kuzbass development strategy in accordance with the new conditions for the Russian economy performance in the fourth systemic cycle of capitalist accumulation.

Postsocialist transition: an overall survey

1993 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
János Kornai
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Market Economy ◽  
Budget Deficit ◽  
Socialist Economy ◽  
National Community ◽  
New Middle Class ◽  
Constitutional State ◽  
Predictive Approach ◽  
Foreign Indebtedness

The lecture outlines a conceptual framework for the analysis of changes in those countries going through the transformation from a socialist economy to a market economy. It takes a positive predictive approach. It describes seven tendencies which are very likely to apply.(1) Marketization replacing the command economy.(2) The evolution of the private sector—a broad new middle class will develop.(3) Reproduction of macrodisequilibria. The inherited imbalance, namely chronic and intensive shortage will be eliminated, but inflation, budget deficit, unemployment and foreign indebtedness will remain in various configurations.(4) Development of a constitutional state.(5) Development of democratic institutions.(6) The redefinition of a national community—which tendency might be accompanied by severe tensions and conflicts.(7) Unequal increase of welfare.Finally the paper discusses the role of academics in the process of transformation.

Spaces of Intentionality: Race, Class, and Horizontality at the United States Social Forum

2008 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 353-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Juris
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
Open Space ◽  
The United States ◽  
World Social Forum ◽  
High Profile ◽  
Democratic Practice ◽  
The World ◽  
High Level

The World Social Forum process has sought to provide an "open space" for diverse movements to exchange ideas, interact, and coordinate as they build another world. Despite this inclusive impulse, many of the forums have been disproportionately white and middle class. Through an ethnographic account of the 2007 United States Social Forum (USSF) in Atlanta, I examine one high-profile attempt to overcome this lack of diversity by establishing what I refer to as an "intentional" space. I argue that the intentional strategy pursued by USSF organizers achieved a high level of diversity in racial and class terms, but de-emphasized the role of the forum as a "contact zone" for translation, sharing, and exchange among diverse movement sectors. However, given the strong desire to overcome past exclusions among participants, the privileging of intentionality over openness and horizontality was widely viewed as legitimate, which has important implications for democratic practice.

scholarly journals Priority directions of development “Uzbekneftegas” jsc in the conditions of globalization of the world economy

2019 ◽  
Vol 139 ◽  
pp. 01008
Author(s):  
G.Zh. Allaeva
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Economic Globalization ◽  
Hydrocarbon Production ◽  
The World ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Republic

The article considers the role of “Uzbekneftegas” JSC in the economic development of the fuel and energy complex of the Republic in the face of increasing global economic globalization. The structure of the company, the priority areas for the development of JSC activities are shown. The perspective directions in hydrocarbon production are considered. The data on the production, use and distribution of natural gas by sectors of the economy of Uzbekistan are presented, and the structure of the energy balance of the Republic of Uzbekistan is shown.

Rostow's Kondratieff Cycle in Australia

1984 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 729-753 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Pope
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Long Waves ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
The World ◽  
Kondratieff Cycles ◽  
The Subject

The turn of economic events in the early 1970s correlates with a revival of ideas about the existence of long swings in economic development. The subject of Kondratieff cycles has attracted the pens of social scientists of very different persuasions. This paper draws on Walt W. Rostow's interpretation—with its emphasis on the role of exporters of food and raw materials in the world economy—to explore Australian long waves over the last 110 years. I conclude that the case for their existence is not confirmed and moreover that Rostow's cycle-mechanics offer a doubtful explication of movements in the Australian series.

scholarly journals THE ECONOMIC IMPACT ON GLOBAL TOURISM

10.26458/1728 ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-139
Author(s):  
Bogdan Sofronov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Economic Impact ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Gdp Growth ◽  
Mutual Understanding ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
The World ◽  
Global Tourism

Tourism is an important economic activity in most countries around the world. As well as its direct economic impact,the industry has significant indirect and induced impacts.The outlook for the Tourism sector in 2017 remains robust and will continue to be at the forefront of wealth and employment creation in the global economy, despite the emergence of a number of challenging headwinds.In tourism, GDP growth is expected to accelerate to 3.8%, up from 3.1% in 2016. As nations seem to be looking increasingly inward, putting in place barriers to trade and movement of people, the role of Tourism becomes even more significant, as an engine of economic development and as a vehicle for sharing cultures, creating peace, and building mutual understanding.

scholarly journals The Role of Education in Economic Development: A Comparison of South Korea and Kyrgyzstan

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nargiza Sakmurzaeva
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Developed Country ◽  
National Budget ◽  
The World ◽  
Small Economy

Education plays a big role in the economic development of the country. No country can achieve sustainable economic development without educated human capital. Education helps people to understand themselves and world. It improves the quality of their lives and leads to broad social benefits to individuals and society. Education is a very important in raising productivity of people and promotes technological development. The main purpose of this paper is to identify the role of education in the economic development by comparing South Korea and Kyrgyzstan which are represents developed and developing countries of the world. South Korea, for example, is a highly industrialized and developed country which educational system is in the list of the best 10 systems in the world. In opposite, Kyrgyzstan is an agricultural country which economy is dominated by minerals extraction, agriculture, and reliance on remittances from citizens working abroad. As a result of the research it can be concluded that education is a compulsory and one of the major tools for development of one country. A developing country with a small economy such as Kyrgyzstan should take an example from South Korea and allocate much money from the national budget for the education. So, it is important for Kyrgyzstan to implement educational policy of developed countries within the framework of national policy.

scholarly journals Impact of intellectual resources on the economic development

2017 ◽  
pp. 219-230
Author(s):  
D. KUKAREKO
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Development Economic ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Economic Competitiveness ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Institutional Infrastructure ◽  
The World

This article deals with the change in the leading role of resources that influence current economic development in the world. Postindustrial informational area and knowledgebased economy require newly formed institutional infrastructure and fresh view on the values and basis of the countries’ wealth. According to the necessity of improving the quality of life based on economic competitiveness ability, attracting investments and innovative development, economic policy should be lead adjusted for the leading role of informational industries that are able to renew countries’ economic growth and overcome crisis.

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