Physics of Gauge Fields in Quantum Nanosciences

SPIN ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (03) ◽  
pp. 2050018
Author(s):  
Seng Ghee Tan ◽  
Mansoor B. A. Jalil ◽  
Ching-Ray Chang ◽  
Shuichi Murakami
Keyword(s):  
Future Development ◽  
Momentum Space ◽  
Condensed Matter ◽  
Equations Of Motion ◽  
Frame Of Reference ◽  
Gauge Fields ◽  
The Past ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
New Research ◽  
The Impact

We review the formulation of gauge fields in terms of the frame of reference as well as the space in which the frame is defined. We highlighted some recent applications of gauge physics in the momentum space — in the modern fields of the spin Hall effect, the magnon Hall, the optical Magnus and the graphene valley Hall. General procedures of gauge transformation which lead to the construction of the gauge curvature and the equations of motion (EOM) are outlined. Central to this review is our intention to illustrate the impact of gauge physics on the past and future development of many new research fields emerging out of condensed matter physics, particularly in quantum nanosciences and nanoelectronics.

Corruption and anti-corruption local discourses and international practices in post-socialist Romania

Human Affairs ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Filippo Zerilli
Keyword(s):  
Cultural History ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Past ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
Nation States ◽  
National Heritage ◽  
New Research ◽  
Local Discourses ◽  
The Cold War

AbstractIn the past two decades academic and research literature on “corruption” has flourished. During the same period organizations and initiatives fighting against corruption have also significantly expanded, turning “anti-corruption” into a new research subject. However, despite a few exceptions there is a division of labor between scholars who study corruption itself and those who study the global anti-corruption industry. Juxtaposing corruption’s local discourses and anti-corruption international practices, this article is an attempt to bring together these two intertwined research dimensions and explore how an ethnographic approach might contribute to framing them together. Firstly, it describes how corruption in Romania is often conceptualized and explained in terms of national heritage, something related to old and recent cultural history, including traditional folklore. Secondly, it explores how anti-corruption works in practice, focusing on international legal cooperation projects monitoring the progress and shortcomings both prior to and post Romania’s accession to the European Union. Finally, revealing the articulations of these two apparently unrelated research fields, the article argues that corruption’s local explanations and the circular logic of auditing observed within the anti-corruption industry share a common developmental ideology mirroring the crypto-colonialist structure of power relations and dependency among European nation-states emerging out of the Cold War.

Analysis of Aluminium Beam-to-Column Joints by the Component Method: Existing Studies and Research Needs

2016 ◽  
Vol 710 ◽  
pp. 409-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gianfranco De Matteis ◽  
Giuseppe Brando
Keyword(s):  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Component Method ◽  
The Past ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
Numerical Studies ◽  
Current State ◽  
Moment Resisting ◽  
New Research ◽  
Steel Joints

This paper aims at providing an overview on the current state of the art and on possible future developments concerning the component method implementation for the classification of beam-to-column joints belonging to aluminum moment resisting frames.After a brief discussion on the component method theoretical bases, developed in the past to give a feasible calculation procedure for steel joints, recent experimental and numerical studies, carried out for investigating some aluminum components, are presented and discussed. In particular strengths and weaknesses of the current knowledge are put into evidence, also in light of the peculiarities that make aluminum alloys different from steel. The launch of new research fields, aimed at pursuing an update of the current codes dealing with aluminum structures, is therefore proposed.

scholarly journals Hard X-Ray Photon Correlation Spectroscopy Methods for Materials Studies

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 167-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alec R. Sandy ◽  
Qingteng Zhang ◽  
Laurence B. Lurio
Keyword(s):  
Photon Correlation Spectroscopy ◽  
Condensed Matter ◽  
Dynamic Structure ◽  
Correlation Spectroscopy ◽  
Fourth Generation ◽  
Photon Correlation ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Past ◽  
Materials Research ◽  
The Impact

Understanding and designing sophisticated new materials require measurements of not only their average structural properties but also their dynamic behavior. X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy (XPCS) provides this information by characterizing fluctuations in condensed matter across a broad range of length scales and timescales. Over the past two decades, XPCS has provided a wide variety of results in the study of materials properties. In this review, we provide an overview of coherence, photon correlation spectroscopy, and the dynamic structure factor as well as information on the mechanics of XPCS experiments. We highlight the impact that this infrastructure has had on materials research and the bright future that is forthcoming with the anticipated upgrade of many third-generation synchrotron sources to fourth-generation multibend achromat sources.

scholarly journals The Impact of Management Accounting Research: An Analysis of the Past and a Look at the Future

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Gatti
Keyword(s):  
Management Accounting ◽  
Research Projects ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Accounting Research ◽  
The Past ◽  
Post Evaluation ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
New Research ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Tools And Methods

This paper aims to explore the impact of management accounting research through a review of the literature on the issues related to this topic; some new avenues of research are also identified. In so doing, the paper contributes to both theory and praxis. In fact, suggesting new areas of research it promotes research in this field which, up to now, has been mainly focused on the determinants of the loss of impact rather than on the nature of the impact of management accounting research and its assessment. Moreover, this work aims to stimulate new research focused on tools and methods for measuring the impact of management accounting research; such tools can be useful to funding institutions and evaluation agencies which can be better equipped to carry out an ex-ante and an ex-post evaluation of the impact that management accounting research projects can have on society.

Archaeology and human genetics: lessons for both

Antiquity ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 75 (287) ◽  
pp. 101-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keri A. Brown ◽  
Mark Pluciennik
Keyword(s):  
Human Genetics ◽  
Genetic Research ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
New Research ◽  
The Impact

New research fields and areas of scientific specialization often bring division and disciplinary divides. Here Brown & Pluciennik discuss the impact of genetic research on archaeology.

Die politische Säuberung der französischen Wirtschaftselite nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg

2010 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominique Barjot
Keyword(s):  
Social Groups ◽  
Radical Change ◽  
World War Two ◽  
World War ◽  
Car Industry ◽  
The Past ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
The One ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Two Sectors

AbstractHistoriography on the French post-World War Two economic purge has in the past been very limited. Recently, however, a radical change has occurred as a result of the intersection of two previously separate research fields: on the one hand economic and business life during the Occupation, and on the other hand, the purge of elites and other social groups. A conference addressing French Firms during the Occupation period paved the way for a synthesis round three axes: Firstly, it was necessary to estimate the effects of measures to seize illicit profits and to assess the impact of purges on business mobility after the War. Secondly, regional approaches could be used to define a French typology, which could then be compared to other occupied countries (Belgium for example) or occupying Nations (Germany). Thirdly, the study of branches, sectors and firms. Among these studies, two sectors have been privileged so far: the car industry as well as construction and civil engineering.

ALTERNATIVE VIEWS ON OPTIMAL URBAN PLANNING MODEL AND WATER ISSUES

2015 ◽  
Vol 76 (13) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nor Hafizah Abidin ◽  
Rohanin Ahmad ◽  
Syarifah Zyurina Nordin
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Water Security ◽  
Past Research ◽  
The Past ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
Planning Models ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Water Issues

Urban planning is one of the prolific research fields nowadays. Lots of interesting research work has been done related to this field. Previous studies were only concerned with the contentment of residents and did not indicate any environmental factors. Consecutive researchers study the optimal city structures but in other different factors and views. The numerous urban planning models have been widely investigated for their application in many fields. However, most of the model is lacking the environmental characteristics especially related with water issues. Commonly, water issues associated with urban areas are runoffs, landslides, soil settles, water security to name a few. These problems normally are due to the disturbance of water absorption processes in the affected area. This paper intends to provide a bigger picture used as preliminary for further studies in the problems related with urban planning and water security. This paper investigates past research and highlights the significance similarity and gaps for further research. The past models on urban planning and the impact of urban development to water issues will be reviewed and the significance of these problems will be discussed. The investigation in this direction highlights the importance of water issues in developing urban area. 

scholarly journals A bibliometric analysis of IL-35 research from 2009 to 2018

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e7992 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xulong Cai ◽  
Chenrong Zhou ◽  
Li Zhou ◽  
Qiaolan Xu
Keyword(s):  
Bibliometric Analysis ◽  
Scientific Output ◽  
Document Type ◽  
The Past ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
Infectious Tolerance ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Number Of Publications ◽  
New Research ◽  
Medical University

Background Interleukin-35 (IL-35) is a recently discovered cytokine that plays a role in immune suppression and has therefore been the subject of a great deal of research. A bibliometric analysis of the global research concerning IL-35, however, is rare. Objectives The aim of this research was to assess the international scientific output of IL-35 research and explore its hotspots and frontiers from 2009 to 2018 by bibliometric analysis. Methods Publications about IL-35 research from 2009 to 2018 were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC). Citespace V was used to analyze years, journals, countries, research institutions, areas of exploration, research hotspots, and trends of publication. Results We retrieved a total of 416 publications and observed a trend of publications increasing over the past decade. Original articles (351) were the most frequently occurring document type. The largest number of publications belonging to one country and one institution, respectively, was China (202) and Tianjin Medical University (17). Trending keywords may indicate frontier topics, including “infectious tolerance,” “autoimmune,” and “central nervous system.” Conclusion This study provides valuable information on the study of IL-35 so that researchers may identify new research fields.

Ancient textiles and clothing in flux

Antiquity ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 93 (371) ◽  
pp. 1381-1385
Author(s):  
Lise Bender Jørgensen
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
Biological Anthropology ◽  
Prehistoric Archaeology ◽  
Textile Production ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Past ◽  
Textiles And Clothing ◽  
New Research ◽  
The Impact

Textiles and clothing are fundamental aspects of everyday life in the past but are often overlooked in archaeology. Fortunately, this is changing, as witnessed by three new books, reviewed here. Two deal with the beginnings of clothing and textile production, but in different ways; the third contains contributions reflecting on this theme. The monograph by Ian Gilligan—a polyhistory of medicine, psychology, prehistoric archaeology and biological anthropology—presents new theories on the emergence of clothing and textiles in a sustained argument; the two other books, edited volumes comprising 29 papers by textile specialists, each present new research on different aspects of ancient textiles and clothing. In several cases, authors disagree, enhancing the value of the debates, and adding to our understanding of the impact on society of ancient textile production and clothing.

scholarly journals On the Assessment of Social Impact. Approach to the state of the question

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-210
Author(s):  
David Azuara Garcés
Keyword(s):  
Impact Assessment ◽  
Future Development ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Academic Work ◽  
The State ◽  
Frame Of Reference ◽  
Theoretical Base ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Impact

The objective of this article is to explore the concept of social impact, from the meaning attributed to the term, the fields in which it is used, as well as the existing methodologies for its calculation. In this way, and taking into account the existing professional and academic work, the aim is to establish a theoretical base as a frame of reference that allows the future development of a methodology for evaluating social impact. In this way and in relation to the term, a contextualization of the meaning itself is carried out to determine what is used. Likewise, the best-known methodologies that are considered, highlighting the differences between them and identifying possible shortcomings and the stages that may be improved. Given the growing importance of the impact assessment processes applied in economic, social and environmental terms, and at the same time taking into account what it was observed in this work, the existing methodologies have a lack of standardized model that offers quantitatively homogeneous results that allow comparison between entities, companies or projects.

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