Joint Deployment Strategy of Battery-Free Sensor Networks with Coverage Guarantee

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-29
Author(s):  
Tuo Shi ◽  
Zhipeng Cai ◽  
Jianzhong Li ◽  
Hong Gao
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Network Architecture ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Free Node ◽  
Deployment Strategy ◽  
Energy Limitation ◽  
Coverage Quality ◽  
Important Measurement

The energy limitation of wireless sensors limits the lifetime of the traditional wireless sensor networks. The <b>Battery-Free Sensor Network (BF-WSN)</b> is a new network architecture proposed in recent years to address the limitation of wireless sensor networks. In a BF-WSN, the battery-free node can harvest energy from the ambient environment, and thus the lifetime of a BF-WSN is unlimited in terms of energy. The coverage quality is an important measurement of BF-WSNs. Considering the specific features of BF-WSNs, we propose a new deployment concept for BF-WSNs, named <i>Joint Deployment</i>. It aims to determine the locations and working schedules of sensor nodes to maximize network coverage quality. Based on the joint deployment concept, we propose a new deployment problem of battery-free sensor nodes. We prove that this problem is at least NP-Hard. We also analyze the upper bound of this problem. Furthermore, we propose an approximated algorithm to solve this problem and analyze the time complexity and the ratio bound of the algorithm. Extensive simulations are carried out to examine the performance of the proposed algorithm. The simulation results show that the algorithm is efficient and effective.

Novel Energy Aware Algorithm to Design Multilayer Architecture for Dense Wireless Sensor Networks

2016 ◽  
pp. 79-114
Author(s):  
Naveen Chilamkurti ◽  
Sohail Jabbar ◽  
Abid Ali Minhas
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Network Architecture ◽  
Network Performance ◽  
Data Dissemination ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Energy Aware ◽  
Unbalanced Load

Network layer functionalists are of core importance in the communication process and so the routing with energy aware trait is indispensable for improved network performance and increased network lifetime. Designing of protocol at this under discussion layer must consider the aforementioned factors especially for energy aware routing process. In wireless sensor networks there may be hundreds or thousands of sensor nodes communicating with each other and with the base station, which consumes more energy in exchanging data and information with the additive issues of unbalanced load and intolerable faults. Two main types of network architectures for sensed data dissemination from source to destination exist in the literature; Flat network architecture, clustered network architecture. In flat architecture based networks, uniformity can be seen since all the network nodes work in a same mode and generally do not have any distinguished role.

Novel Energy Aware Algorithm to Design Multilayer Architecture for Dense Wireless Sensor Networks

2020 ◽  
pp. 372-399
Author(s):  
Naveen Chilamkurti ◽  
Sohail Jabbar ◽  
Abid Ali Minhas
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Network Architecture ◽  
Network Performance ◽  
Data Dissemination ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Energy Aware ◽  
Unbalanced Load

Network layer functionalists are of core importance in the communication process and so the routing with energy aware trait is indispensable for improved network performance and increased network lifetime. Designing of protocol at this under discussion layer must consider the aforementioned factors especially for energy aware routing process. In wireless sensor networks there may be hundreds or thousands of sensor nodes communicating with each other and with the base station, which consumes more energy in exchanging data and information with the additive issues of unbalanced load and intolerable faults. Two main types of network architectures for sensed data dissemination from source to destination exist in the literature; Flat network architecture, clustered network architecture. In flat architecture based networks, uniformity can be seen since all the network nodes work in a same mode and generally do not have any distinguished role.

scholarly journals Energy Efficient Trust Node Based Routing Protocol (EETRP) to Maximize the Lifetime of Wireless Sensor Networks in Plateaus

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (06) ◽  
pp. 113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nandoori Srikanth ◽  
Muktyala Sivaganga Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Network Lifetime ◽  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Mobile Nodes ◽  
Energy Limitation

<p>Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) can extant the individual profits and suppleness with regard to low-power and economical quick deployment for numerous applications. WSNs are widely utilized in medical health care, environmental monitoring, emergencies and remote control areas. Introducing of mobile nodes in clusters is a traditional approach, to assemble the data from sensor nodes and forward to the Base station. Energy efficiency and lifetime improvements are key research areas from past few decades. In this research, to solve the energy limitation to upsurge the network lifetime, Energy efficient trust node based routing protocol is proposed. An experimental validation of framework is focused on Packet Delivery Ratio, network lifetime, throughput, energy consumption and network loss among all other challenges. This protocol assigns some high energy nodes as trusted nodes, and it decides the mobility of data collector.  The energy of mobile nodes, and sensor nodes can save up to a great extent by collecting data from trusted nodes based on their trustworthiness and energy efficiency.  The simulation outcome of our evaluation shows an improvement in all these parameters than existing clustering and Routing algorithms.<strong></strong></p>

scholarly journals Proposing a Density-Based Clustering Approach (DBCA) to Aggregate Data Collected from the Environment in Arid Area for Desertification

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Zhihao Peng ◽  
Raziyeh Daraei ◽  
Seyed Mojtaba Ahmadpanahi ◽  
Amir Seyed Danesh ◽  
Safieh Siadat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Arid Area ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Base Stations ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Arid Areas ◽  
Density Based Clustering ◽  
Energy Limitation ◽  
Clustering Approach

Nowadays, the expansion of desert areas has become one of the main problems in arid areas due to various reasons such as rising temperatures and vegetation fires. Establishment of wireless sensor networks in these areas can accelerate the process of environmental monitoring and integrate temperature and humidity information sending to base stations in order to make basic decisions on desertification. The main problem in this regard is the energy limitation of sensor nodes in wireless sensor networks, which is one of the main challenges in using these nodes due to the lack of a fixed power supply. Because the node consumes the most energy during data transmission, the node that transmits the most data or sends the packets over long distances runs out of energy faster than the others and the network work process is disrupted. Therefore, in this study, a density-based clustering approach is proposed to integrate data collected from the environment in arid areas for desertification. In the proposed method at each step, the node that has the most residual energy and is highly centralized will be selected to transfer information. The results of experiments for evaluating the performance of the proposed method show that the proposed method balances the energy consumption of the nodes and optimizes the lifespan of the nodes in the wireless sensor network installed in the arid area.

scholarly journals A Novel Deployment Scheme Based on Three-Dimensional Coverage Model for Wireless Sensor Networks

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fu Xiao ◽  
Yang Yang ◽  
Ruchuan Wang ◽  
Lijuan Sun
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Computing Power ◽  
Deployment Strategy ◽  
Coverage Model ◽  
Minimum Number ◽  
Random Method

Coverage pattern and deployment strategy are directly related to the optimum allocation of limited resources for wireless sensor networks, such as energy of nodes, communication bandwidth, and computing power, and quality improvement is largely determined by these for wireless sensor networks. A three-dimensional coverage pattern and deployment scheme are proposed in this paper. Firstly, by analyzing the regular polyhedron models in three-dimensional scene, a coverage pattern based on cuboids is proposed, and then relationship between coverage and sensor nodes’ radius is deduced; also the minimum number of sensor nodes to maintain network area’s full coverage is calculated. At last, sensor nodes are deployed according to the coverage pattern after the monitor area is subdivided into finite 3D grid. Experimental results show that, compared with traditional random method, sensor nodes number is reduced effectively while coverage rate of monitor area is ensured using our coverage pattern and deterministic deployment scheme.

Measurements Used in Wireless Sensor Networks Localization

2009 ◽  
pp. 33-53
Author(s):  
Fredrik Gustafsson ◽  
Fredrik Gunnarsson
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Network Architecture ◽  
Time Synchronization ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Time Of Arrival ◽  
General Observation ◽  
Network Nodes ◽  
Sonic Wave

Wireless sensor networks (WSN) localization relies on measurements. Availability of, and the information content in, these measurements depend on the network architecture, connectivity, node time synchronization and the signaling bandwidth between the sensor nodes. This chapter addresses wireless sensor networks measurements in a general framework based on a set of nodes, where each node either emits or receives signals. The emitted signal can for example be a radio, acoustic, seismic, infrared or sonic wave that is propagated in a certain media to the receiver. This general observation model does not make any difference between localization of sensor network nodes or unknown objects, or whether the nodes or objects are stationary or mobile. The information available for localization in wireless cellular networks (WCN) is in literature classified as direction of arrival (DOA), time of arrival (TOA), time difference of arrival (TDOA) and received signal strength (RSS). This chapter generalizes these concepts to the more general wireless sensor networks.

scholarly journals Optimal Sensor Placement for Underground Tunnel Monitoring via Wireless Sensor Networks

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Yonggang Li ◽  
Bin He ◽  
Youming Wang
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Optimal Number ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Underground Tunnel ◽  
Deployment Strategy ◽  
Human Labor ◽  
Tunnel Monitoring ◽  
Sensor Node Placement

In replace of human labor, wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are increasingly being utilized to perform structural health monitoring of underground tunnel. Due to its complex environment, the deployment of sensor nodes poses a big challenge to related staff. How to use the optimal number of sensor nodes deployed in the underground tunnel to obtain a satisfactory monitoring is our main consideration. In this paper, we propose a deployment strategy based on the optimal index to provide guidelines for sensor node placement. The objective of the strategy is to put sensor nodes in a proper site to gain maximum sensing information, thus eliminating redundant sensor nodes as well as saving costs.

Wireless Sensor Networks

2019 ◽  
pp. 247-276
Author(s):  
Sachin R. Jain ◽  
Nileshsingh V. Thakur
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Network Architecture ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Industry Automation ◽  
Almost All ◽  
And Control ◽  
Evaluation Parameters ◽  
Human Healthcare

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) can be classified among the blazing domains of research in the recent era. WSNs have enormous day-to-day life real-time applications due their low priced, self-computing, powerful, autonomous small sensor nodes which have a small storage capacity, restricted non-removable non-rechargeable battery, and a restricted computational capacity. The applicability of WSNs are in almost all domains, like observing environmental conditions, human healthcare tracking systems, position tracking and monitoring, industry automation, process tracking and controlling, tracking and monitoring objects, mammal, human being, and control, and many more. This chapter briefly explores the basic concepts, components, network architecture, design issues, challenges, routing protocols, application domains, implemented applications, etc. in the field of WSNs. It also focuses on the performance evaluation parameters to check, analyze, diagnose, examine, and determine the performance of WSNs. At the end, the chapter concludes with the scope of research in the field of wireless sensor networks.

scholarly journals Chain-Type Wireless Sensor Network for Monitoring Long Range Infrastructures: Architecture and Protocols

2008 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 287-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang Wen Chen ◽  
Yu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Long Range ◽  
Network Architecture ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Hierarchical Architecture ◽  
Deployment Strategy ◽  
A Chain ◽  
Chain Type

We present in this paper an investigation of a special class of wireless sensor networks for monitoring critical infrastructures that may extend for hundreds of miles in distances. Such networks are fundamentally different from traditional sensor networks in that the sensor nodes in this class of networks are deployed along narrowly elongated geographical areas and form a chain-type topology. Based on careful analysis of existing sensor network architectures, we first demonstrate the need to develop new architecture and networking protocols to match the unique topology of chain-type sensor networks. We then propose hierarchical network architecture that consists of clusters of sensor nodes to enable the chain-type sensor networks to be scalable to cover typically long range infrastructures with tolerable delay in network-wide data collection. To maintain energy efficient operations and maximize the lifetime for such a chain-type sensor network, we devise a smart strategy for the deployment of cluster heads. Protocols for network initialization and seamless operations of the chain-type sensor networks are also developed to match the proposed hierarchical architecture and cluster head deployment strategy. Simulations have been carried out to verify the performance of the hierarchical architecture, the smart node deployment strategy, and the corresponding network initialization and operation protocols.

scholarly journals Identification of an Optimized Network Topology for WSN Based on Reliability and Power Efficiency

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1S) ◽  
pp. 232-239
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Network Architecture ◽  
Power Efficiency ◽  
Mesh Networks ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Industry Automation ◽  
Selection Of

Wireless Sensor Networks have number of sensor nodes with limited energy resources that can be deployed regularly or randomly in the applications area. Compared to conventional technologies WSN plays vital role in major applications including structural health monitoring, hospitals, environment monitoring, defense, mining, manufacturing and industry automation. In WSN reliability of network architecture is the crucial parameter. In this paper the study of reliability of three different topologies of WSN (Wireless Sensor Networks) namely star, ring and mesh networks are explained. This paper explains the energy utilized by an each sensor node for during data transmission in each topology. The simulation results will provide useful idea for selection of topologies for sensor network designers for continuous transmission and reception of data for their applications.

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