scholarly journals Jack of All

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
James E. Gunn
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Work ◽  
Social Activities ◽  
Childhood Education ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Large Influence ◽  
Scientific Results ◽  
Incomplete Picture

This article is basically a scientific autobiography from a long and very rewarding career, covering childhood, education, theoretical work, observations, instrumentation, and some social activities. It is not meant to be a review of anything except an incomplete picture of my life, and the relatively few references are to some of my work, work related to mine, and work that had a very large influence on my life and research, so apologies in advance to those I left out in subjects I discuss. I have not in any way attempted to discuss scientific results; those you can go read. I have used more words on old things than new, with the idea that most readers of this article are much more familiar with the field in the last couple of decades than before. My career spans almost six, and there may be things to learn from antiquity.

ANISOTROPY OF THE NEMATIC-SMECTIC A PHASE TRANSITION

1995 ◽  
Vol 09 (18n19) ◽  
pp. 2139-2155 ◽  
Author(s):  
BARBARA S. ANDERECK
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Critical Behavior ◽  
Nematic Phase ◽  
Theoretical Work ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Superconducting Transition ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Smectic A ◽  
Smectic A Phase ◽  
Degree Of Anisotropy

Critical behavior at the transition from the nematic phase to the smectic A phase in liquid crystals has been of interest for over two decades. Discussions about the nature of the transition, its analogy to the superconducting transition, and the degree of anisotropy present in the critical exponents have been extensive during this time. This review article concentrates on the question of anisotropy at the nematic-smectic A transition. The experimental and theoretical work related to this question is summarized and compared. While progress has been made, there are many interesting questions related to this transition that remain for investigators to answer.

A review of continuum damage and plasticity in concrete: Part I – Theoretical framework

2021 ◽  
pp. 105678952110681
Author(s):  
Taehyo Park ◽  
Bilal Ahmed ◽  
George Z Voyiadjis
Keyword(s):  
Damage Mechanics ◽  
Continuum Damage Mechanics ◽  
Theoretical Work ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Continuum Damage ◽  
Numerical Work ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Rate Dependent ◽  
Concrete Damage ◽  
Open Issues

In the past few decades, extensive research on concrete modeling to predict behavior, crack propagation, microcrack coalescence by utilizing different approaches (fracture mechanics, continuum damage mechanics) were investigated theoretically and numerically. The presented paper aims to review the theoretical work of continuum concrete damage and plasticity modeling in part I of the work. The detailed theoretical work is presented with some of the supporting work related to multiscale modeling and phase-field modeling is also part of this paper. Few other applications related to rate-dependent models and fatigue in concrete are also discussed. In part II of this work, the review of numerical work limited to finite element is presented. Some open issues in concrete damage modeling and future research needed are also discussed in part II.

scholarly journals The effects of after-hours work activities and job-related social activities on recovery and job engagement

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 353-371
Author(s):  
Seohyun Ji ◽  
Sunhee Lee
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Ego Depletion ◽  
Job Engagement ◽  
Social Activities ◽  
Work Activities ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Psychological Detachment ◽  
After Hours

Although academic and social interests in the effects of long working hours and after-hours job-related activities on recovery from work have increased, few empirical studies have investigated the effects of after-hours job-related social activities on recovery and job effectiveness. We hypothesized and examined a mediation model that job-related social activities and after-hours work activities could influence next day ego depletion and job engagement through psychological detachment. Data from 377 employees who responded twice a day (morning and evening) for two weeks were collected using a daily diary survey. Multi-level analyses showed that as employees spent more time at both job-related social activities and after-hours work activities, their psychological detachment decreased, resulting in a higher ego depletion and a lower job engagement on the following day. Interestingly, after-hours job-related social activities had a larger effect on ego depletion than after-hours work activities. Finally, the direct effects of after-hours work activities and job-related social activities on ego depletion were also significant. These findings suggest that after-hours work-related activities can affect ego depletion through alternative or multiple paths, as opposed to solely a psychological detachment. The findings of this study could help us contribute to understand the harmful effects of after-hours work activities and job-related social activities on the recovery process. They also have important implications in terms of interventions for recovery.

Teacher Work Related Stress in Early Childhood Education: Some Coping Strategies

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 150-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Shumba ◽  
C. Maphosa ◽  
S. Rembe ◽  
C.I.O. Okeke ◽  
M.L. Drake
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Early Childhood Education ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Work Related Stress ◽  
Childhood Education ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Teacher Work ◽  
Related Stress

Calling and Vocation at Work

2007 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 424-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryan J. Dik ◽  
Ryan D. Duffy
Keyword(s):  
Career Counseling ◽  
Counseling Psychology ◽  
Applied Research ◽  
Theoretical Work ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Counseling Practice ◽  
Human Functioning ◽  
Basic And Applied Research

The purpose of this article is to initiate an effort to establish the constructs calling and vocation within counseling psychology. First, updated definitions of calling and vocation, developed with an eye toward stimulating research and providing useful practice applications, are proposed. Next, the authors explain how the constructs apply to the domain of human work, review empirical and theoretical work related to calling and vocation and their role in human functioning, and differentiate the terms from each other and related constructs. Finally, directions for basic and applied research on calling and vocation are suggested, and implications for career counseling practice are outlined.

Droplet deposition in steam turbines

2004 ◽  
Vol 218 (8) ◽  
pp. 859-870 ◽  
Author(s):  
R I Crane
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Work ◽  
Low Pressure ◽  
Computational Effort ◽  
Steam Turbines ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Low Pressure Turbine ◽  
Fog Deposition ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Theoretical Developments

Research since the 1960s on the deposition of droplets from wet steam is reviewed, concentrating mainly on low-pressure turbines but also covering the limited work related to nuclear high-pressure turbines. The context is first set, outlining the motivation in terms of blade erosion and, to a lesser extent, wetness losses. Details of measurements in turbines and in simulated turbine flows are followed by descriptions of theoretical work on the main inertial and turbulent deposition mechanisms; possible additional contributory mechanisms are summarized. A major combined experimental and computational effort in the 1980s led to broad agreement between measured and calculated fog deposition fractions in low-pressure turbine final stages, attributed largely to the development of more accurate droplet size measurement and computational fluid dynamics techniques. An attempt has been made to correlate advances with the history of steam turbine development and to speculate on the future of deposition studies in the light of recent theoretical developments and trends in power generation.

scholarly journals Enhancing Working Posture Comparability in Forest Operations by the Use of Similarity Metrics

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 926
Author(s):  
Stelian Alexandru Borz ◽  
Eugen Iordache ◽  
Marina Viorela Marcu
Keyword(s):  
New Technology ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Similarity Metrics ◽  
Forest Operations ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Scientific Results ◽  
The Time Domain ◽  
Plant Sociology ◽  
Postural Analysis

Forest operations are well known in exposing their workers to many risk factors, and they often require ergonomic interventions for improvement. In this regard, evaluation of biomechanical exposure has gained a lot of interest due to the concerning scientific results repeatedly showing the association between poor working postures and the development of work-related musculoskeletal disorders. Due to its simplicity, easy understanding, cost affordability, and the capability to evaluate the whole body, the OWAS method has been commonly used in postural evaluation of forestry work, being able to map the experimental observations in a final action category, in the form of a postural risk index (PRI), which helps designing or taking actions for ergonomic improvement. However, postural comparability is both relevant and important when, for instance, one tries to improve a work method or to introduce a new technology. Unfortunately, the PRI metric holds a rather low capability to characterize the changes brought by such factors in terms of postural dissimilarity or similarity, making it difficult to accurately follow the changes. For this reason, we introduce in the postural analysis, test and discuss herein two commonly used similarity metrics as specific to plant sociology and other ecology-related sciences, namely the Sørensen’s quotient of similarity (hereafter QS) and the Canberra metric (hereafter CM); their selection was based on their mathematical capabilities of dealing with data at two resolutions, namely species and individuals. Three case studies were setup to show the differences between QS, CM, and PRI and their usefulness for postural analysis while, for a better understanding, the results were described and discussed by analogy to the living world. As the technology of automating data collection and processing for postural analysis is in progress, the utility of similarity metrics in postural assessment and comparison could be further expanded so as to map a given work sequence in the time domain against best-fit postural profiles. The main conclusion of this study is that the PRI is useful for action-taking while the similarity metrics are useful for pairwise postural change evaluations and comparison.

scholarly journals Integrating Model of Resilience, Engagement, and Motivation

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 178-189
Author(s):  
Alison Jolliff ◽  
David Strubler
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Performance ◽  
Theoretical Work ◽  
Work Environments ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Analytical Review ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Practical Model ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Research Propositions ◽  
Model Features

Over the past 70 years, resilience, engagement, and motivation (REM) studies have largely developed as independent theoretical and research disciplines. Yet, in conducting a thorough literature review of these three work-related fields, we discovered that they share some identical or similar concepts, e.g., self-efficacy. We also discovered that concepts from these three fields of study could be integrated into a more comprehensive research model. That model can then be used to provide a prescription to help managers improve their employees’ and their organizations’ outcomes of performance, productivity, quality, etc. Therefore, we provide an analytical review of these theories and research findings as they psychologically impact employees in work environments. We synthesize the growing knowledge regarding the primary factors influencing REM and provide eight useful REM research propositions to inform the model. The model features antecedents to resilience, engagement, and motivation. From this work, we posit that an integrated, practical model will be needed to improve employee involvement and performance that ultimately impacts organizational performance. Therefore, we focus primarily on those REM psychological characteristics of organizational members as they relate to antecedent concepts and conditions. A critique of the state of the REM literature is provided and targeted suggestions are outlined to guide future empirical and theoretical work in a meaningful direction.

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