scholarly journals Slicing Cuts on Food Materials Using Robotic-Controlled Razor Blade

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debao Zhou ◽  
Gary McMurray
Keyword(s):  
Cutting Force ◽  
Stress Tensor ◽  
Food Processing ◽  
Mathematical Expression ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Control Algorithms ◽  
Cutting Mechanism ◽  
Razor Blade ◽  
Blade Edge ◽  
Blade Cutting

Cutting operations using blades can arise in a number of industries, for example, food processing industry, in which cheese, fruit and vegetable, even meat, are involved. Certain questions will rise during these works, such as “why pressing-and-slicing cuts use less force than pressing-only cuts” and “how is the influence of the blade cutting-edge on force”. To answer these questions, this research developed a mathematical expression of the cutting stress tensor. Based on the analysis of the stress tensor on the contact surface, the influence of the blade edge-shape and slicing angle on the resultant cutting force were formulated and discussed. These formulations were further verified using experimental results by robotic cutting of potatoes. Through studying the change of the cutting force, the optimal slicing angle can be obtained in terms of maximum feeding distance and minimum cutting force. Based on the blade sharpness properties and the specific materials, the required cutting force can be predicted. These formulation and experimental results explained the basic theory of blade cutting fracture and further provided the support to optimize the cutting mechanism design and to develop the force control algorithms for the automation of blade cutting operations.

Optimal Design for Cutting Mechanism of the Sugarcane Planting

2012 ◽  
Vol 271-272 ◽  
pp. 589-593
Author(s):  
Yan Zhou Li ◽  
Qing Zhou ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Wei He ◽  
Lin Jun Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Cutting Force ◽  
Sugar Cane ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Cutting Mechanism ◽  
Wheel Drive ◽  
Blade Edge ◽  
Successful Design ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Transfer Device

In this paper, mainly according to the selection of sugar cane seeds and the quality requirements for cutting, we design a cutting mechanism not only to cut off the sugar cane , but also can ensure the cutting sugarcane planting to achieve the agronomic requirements for sugar cane . The institution's overall ideas are as follows: first,measure different kinds of sugar cane planting in different cutting force and cutting speed in case of broken head.After preliminary analysis,gain cutting force,cutting speed ,the diameter of sugar cane ,the species of sugar cane ,cutting blade edge angle, cutting angle and cutting mode correlation.Then select the power transfer device and the working parts of the disk and blade according to the obtained data.Last design drive of belt wheel, drive shaft, bearing type, bearing cover through calculation and checking.The successful design and development of the institution of sugar cane cutting mechanism will be able to greatly reduce the labor intensity and production costs in the process of sugarcane planting.

Numerical Simulation of Cutting Force in High Speed Machining of Inconel 718

2020 ◽  
Vol 856 ◽  
pp. 43-49
Author(s):  
Santosh Kumar Tamang ◽  
Nabam Teyi ◽  
Rinchin Tashi Tsumkhapa
Keyword(s):  
Cutting Force ◽  
Inconel 718 ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Machining Process ◽  
Experimental Result ◽  
Work Piece ◽  
High Speed Machining ◽  
Numerical Result ◽  
3D Software

Machining is one of the major manufacturing processes that converts a raw work piece of arbitrary size into a finished product of definite shape of predetermined size by suitably controlling the relative motion between the tool and the work. Lately, machining process is shifting towards high speed machining (HSM) from conventional machining to improve and efficiently increase production, and towards dry machining from excessive coolant used wet machining to improve economy of production. And the tools used are mostly hardened alloys to facilitate HSM. The work piece materials are continually improving their properties by emergence and development of newer and high resistive super alloys (HRSA). In this paper an attempt has been made to validate an experimental result of cutting force obtained by performing HSM on an HRSA Inconel 718, by comparing it with the numerical result obtained by simulating the same setting using DEFORM 3D software. Based on the comparison it is found that the simulated results exhibit close proximity with the experimental results validating the experimental results and the effectiveness of the software.

Experimental Investigations of the Machinability of Titanium Alloy TC4 with Different Hydrogen Contents

2011 ◽  
Vol 418-420 ◽  
pp. 1307-1311
Author(s):  
Jun Hu ◽  
Yong Jie Bao ◽  
Hang Gao ◽  
Ke Xin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Titanium Alloy ◽  
Cutting Force ◽  
Hydrogen Content ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Cutting Conditions ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Cutting Condition ◽  
The Given

The experiments were carried out in the paper to investigate the effect of adding hydrogen in titanium alloy TC4 on its machinability. The hydrogen contents selected were 0, 0.25%, 0.49%, 0.63%, 0.89% and 1.32%, respectively. Experiments with varing hydrogen contents and cutting conditions concurrently. Experimental results showed that the cutting force of the titanium alloy can be obviously reduced and the surface roughness can be improved by adding appropriate hydrogen in the material. In the given cutting condition, the titanium alloy TC4 with 0.49% hydrogen content showed better machinability.

scholarly journals Cutting Characteristics for Sugar Maple Using Single Grit with Spherical Cone and Triangular Pyramid Geometries

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (21) ◽  
pp. 3621
Author(s):  
Jian Zhang ◽  
Bin Luo ◽  
Li Li ◽  
Hongguang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Cutting Force ◽  
Sugar Maple ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
Wood Fibers ◽  
Cutting Mechanism ◽  
Wood Processing ◽  
Triangular Pyramid ◽  
Force Ratio ◽  
Pile Up ◽  
Wood Grain

Abrasive belt sanding plays an important role in wood processing. The abrasive grits on the belt perform similar to small cutting tools with negative rake angles. In this study, a series of single-grit scratching tests were carried out on Sugar maple workpieces to investigate the cutting characteristics of two different abrasive-grit shapes. The spherical cone grits had two kinds of included angles, and the triangular pyramid grits provided two cutting forms: one main cutting edge and two side cutting edges as well as two main cutting edges. Both scratching along and across the wood grain direction were conducted. In all cases, the material deformation and surface creation were analyzed, as well as cutting force. Several physical cutting models were established to help further understand the cutting mechanism. A new method was proposed to evaluate the energy consumption of single-grit scratching. The results showed that triangular pyramid grits with sharp cutting edges could sever wood fibers more efficiently, while spherical cone grits are prone to make material plastic deformation mainly manifested as superficial densification and pile-up. When scratching along the wood grain, the triangular pyramid grit with two main cutting edges showed the best cutting performance with better surface quality. It was also shown that the cutting force ratio of spherical cone grits was apparently less than that of triangular pyramid grits. The overall cutting power for spherical cone grits was remarkably higher than that for triangular pyramid grits for both scratching along and across the wood grain, which indicates that triangular pyramid grits have higher cutting efficiency and power utilization.

Analysis and Design of Hardware Architectures and Control Algorithms for an EPAC

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Formentin ◽  
Giovanni Alli ◽  
Sergio M. Savaresi ◽  
Francesco Castelli Dezza
Keyword(s):  
Health Service ◽  
Energy Cost ◽  
Optimal Choice ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Control Algorithms ◽  
Analysis And Design ◽  
Electric Bicycle ◽  
Hardware Architectures ◽  
And Control

EPACs (Electric Pedal Assisted Cycles) represent a very efficient and fashionable mean of non-polluting transport. They are useful for bringing education, for health service and they guarantee the lowest energy cost per distance traveled. In this paper, a power kit has been designed and implemented on a real electric bicycle. In particular, hardware architectures and control algorithms are developed together, taking in account shared needs. An optimal choice of the components and an innovative overboost strategy characterize the provided system. Experimental results and comparison with a benchmark product available in the market demonstrate the efficiency of the whole system.

Experimental and Analytical Study of Micro-Serrations on Surgical Blades

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Giovannini ◽  
Newell Moser ◽  
Kornel Ehmann
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Laser Ablation ◽  
Cutting Force ◽  
Human Skin ◽  
Finite Element Methods ◽  
Analytical Study ◽  
Soft Materials ◽  
Blade Cutting ◽  
Cutting Behavior ◽  
Fundamental Objective

This paper reports on a study and application of laser ablation for machining of micro-serrations on surgical blades. The proposed concept is inspired by nature and mimics a mosquito’s maxilla, which is characterized by a number of serrations along its edge in order to painlessly penetrate human skin and tissue. The focus of this study is to investigate the maxilla’s penetration mechanisms and its application to commercial surgical blades. The fundamental objective is to understand the friction and cutting behavior between a serrated hard surface and soft materials, as well as to identify serration patterns that would minimize the cutting force and the friction of the blade during tissue cutting. Micro-serrations characterized by different patterns and sizes ranging from 200 μm to 400 μm were designed and manufactured on surgical blades. As supported by finite element methods (FEM), a reduction of 20∼30% in the force during blade cutting has been achieved, which encourages further studies and their applications to biomedical devices.

A Device for Performing Controlled Cutting Operations

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew M. Phan ◽  
John P. Parmigiani
Keyword(s):  
Cutting Force ◽  
Food Processing ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Optimum Parameters ◽  
Cutting Angle ◽  
Underlying Causes ◽  
Reaction Forces ◽  
Surgical Operations ◽  
Made In

Cutting operations using blades appear in several different industries such as food processing, surgical operations, gardening equipment, and so forth. Many practitioners of cutting operations will notice that it is easier to cut something by pressing and slicing at the same time versus doing each motion individually. They will also notice that certain angles or certain blade geometries make it easier to cut certain materials. As our society continues to increase our technological prowess, there is an ongoing need to better understand the underlying causes of simple tasks such as cutting so that cutting operations can be performed with more precision and accuracy than ever before. For many applications it is not possible to achieve the most optimum cutting force, cutting angle, and push to slice ratio and a compromise must be made in order to ensure the functionality of a cutting device. A means of objectively and efficiently evaluating cutting media is needed in order to determine the optimum parameters such as cutting force, cutting angle, and push to slice ratio for certain applications. The approach taken in this work is to create a testing apparatus that uses standard cutting media and performs controlled cutting operations to determine key parameters to specific cutting operations. Most devices used for performing experimental controlled cutting operations are limited to a single axis of motion, thus not incorporating the effect of the push to slice ratio. The device created and discussed in this paper is capable of performing controlled cutting operations with three axes of motion. It is capable of accurately controlling the depth of cut, push to slice ratio, and angle of cut in order to accurately capture motions seen in typical cutting operations. Each degree of freedom on the device is capable of withstanding up to 1550 N of cutting force while still capable of maintaining smooth motions. The device is capable of controlling the velocity of the push and slice motions up to 34 mm/s. Depth of cut, for both pushing and slicing, the reaction forces, and the angle of cut are all controlled and measured in real-time so that a correlation can be made between them. Data collected by this device will be used to investigate the effects of the push to slice ratio and angle of cut on cutting force and overall quality of cutting operations. Preliminary testing in wood test samples evaluates the effectiveness of the device in collecting cutting data. This device will also be used to validate several finite element analyses used in investigating cutting mechanics.

A Micromilling Experimental Study on AISI 4340 Steel

2009 ◽  
Vol 407-408 ◽  
pp. 335-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Sheng Wang ◽  
Da Jian Zhao ◽  
Ya Dong Gong
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Cutting Force ◽  
Spectrum Analysis ◽  
Chip Thickness ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Minimum Chip Thickness ◽  
Aisi 4340 Steel ◽  
4340 Steel ◽  
Aisi 4340

A micromilling experimental study on AISI 4340 steel is conducted to understand the micromilling principle deeply. The experimental results, especially on the surface roughness and cutting force, are discussed in detail. It has been found the minimum chip thickness influences the surface roughness and cutting force greatly. Meanwhile, the material elastic recover induces the increase of the axial micromilling force. The average cutting force and its spectrum analysis validate the minimum chip thickness approximation of AISI 4340 is about 0.35μm.

The Nano-Cutting Mechanism Research of Polysilicon Based on Molecular Dynamics

2013 ◽  
Vol 690-693 ◽  
pp. 2559-2562
Author(s):  
Ying Zhu ◽  
Shun He Qi ◽  
Zhi Xiang ◽  
Ling Ling Xie
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Dynamics ◽  
Potential Energy ◽  
Cutting Force ◽  
Cutting Process ◽  
Dynamics Simulation ◽  
Cutting Mechanism ◽  
Nanometric Cutting ◽  
Mechanism Research ◽  
Atom Position ◽  
Dynamics Method

Molecular dynamics model of the polysilicon material under the micro/nanoscale is established by using molecular dynamics method, make variety of the typical defects distribute to the polysilicon model reasonable and relax the simulation model, obtain the system potential energy curves in the relaxation process and the atomic location figure after the relaxation. Conduct molecular dynamics simulation of nanometric cutting process relying on the development of simulation program, get instant atom position image and draw the cutting force curve. Discusses the typical defects impact on the polycrystalline silicon nanometric cutting process, those mainly include cutting force changes in the cutting process, potential energy changes and processed surface quality etc.

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