scholarly journals The Inhibitory Role of B7-H4 in Antitumor Immunity: Association with Cancer Progression and Survival

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Changjun He ◽  
Haiquan Qiao ◽  
Hongchi Jiang ◽  
Xueying Sun
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Antitumor Immunity ◽  
Human Cancer ◽  
Physiological Role ◽  
T Cell Response ◽  
Soluble Form ◽  
Peripheral Tissues ◽  
Inhibitory Role ◽  
Pertinent Data

B7-H4 is one of the most recently identified members of B7 superfamily of costimulatory molecules serving as an inhibitory modulator of T-cell response. B7-H4 is broadly expressed in human peripheral tissues and inducibly expressed in immune cells. The expression of B7-H4 has been observed in various types of human cancer tissues, and its soluble form has been detected in blood samples from cancer patients. However, its precise physiological role is still elusive, as its receptor has not been identified and the expression levels are not consistent. This paper summarizes the pertinent data on the inhibitory role of B7-H4 in antitumor immunity and its association with cancer progression and survival in human patients. The paper also discusses the clinical significance of investigating B7-H4 as potential markers for cancer diagnosis and prognosis, and as therapeutic targets.

scholarly journals Az ösztrogénmetabolom biológiai és klinikai jelentősége lokális folyamatokban

2017 ◽  
Vol 158 (24) ◽  
pp. 929-937
Author(s):  
Krisztián Kovács ◽  
Barna Vásárhelyi ◽  
Katalin Mészáros ◽  
Attila Patócs ◽  
Gellért Karvaly
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Clinical Significance ◽  
Physiological Role ◽  
Tissue Homeostasis ◽  
Diagnostic Significance ◽  
Peripheral Tissues ◽  
Breakdown Process ◽  
Specific Manner ◽  
Related Compounds

Abstract: Considerable knowledge has been gathered on the physiological role of estrogens. However, fairly little information is available on the role of compounds produced in the breakdown process of estrone and estradiol wich may play a role in various diseases associated with estrogen impact. To date, approximately 15 extragonadal estrogen-related compounds have been identified. These metabolites may exert protective, or, instead, pro-inflammatory and/or pro-oncogenic activity in a tissue-specific manner. Systemic and local estrogen metabolite levels are not necesserily correlated, which may promote the diagnostic significance of the locally produced estrogen metabolites in the future. The aim of the present study is a bibliographic review of the extragonadal metabolome in peripheral tissues, and to highlight the role of the peripheral tissue homeostasis of estrogens as well as the non-hormonal biological activity and clinical significance of the estrogen metabolome. Orv Hetil. 2017; 158(24): 929–937.

The role of microRNA-26a in human cancer progression and clinical application

Tumor Biology ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 7095-7108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Chen ◽  
Kai Zhang ◽  
Yuejuan Xu ◽  
Yanping Gao ◽  
Chen Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Application ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Human Cancer

Dysregulation of miRNA in cancer progression

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rucha P.
Keyword(s):  
Gene Regulation ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Therapeutic Target ◽  
Chromosomal Abnormalities ◽  
Human Cancer ◽  
Epigenetic Modification ◽  
Therapeutic Applications ◽  
Non Coding Rnas ◽  
Transcriptional Gene Regulation

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a category of highly conserved tiny non-coding RNAs that play a role in post-transcriptional gene regulation. Numerous studies have shown the role of dysregulated miRNA in a variety of illnesses, including human cancer. MiRNA is dysregulated by a variety of processes, including dysregulation of miRNA synthesis, aberrant miRNA transcription, dysregulated epigenetic modification, and chromosomal abnormalities. MiRNAs that are overexpressed have been shown to influence cancer's hallmarks. Recent research has shown miRNA's potential as a therapeutic target and biomarker. In this review, we discussed the synthesis and regulation of miRNA, as well as its dysregulation in human cancer and other disorders, as well as some of the therapeutic applications of miRNA.

Role of the type III TGF-β receptor in modulating antitumor immunity during breast cancer progression.

2011 ◽  
Vol 29 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 10540-10540
Author(s):  
B. A. Hanks ◽  
O. M. Campbell ◽  
J. D. Lee ◽  
M. Morse ◽  
T. M. Clay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Antitumor Immunity ◽  
Breast Cancer Progression ◽  
Type Iii ◽  
Β Receptor

scholarly journals The Role of Morphine in Animal Models of Human Cancer: Does Morphine Promote or Inhibit the Tumor Growth?

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabrina Bimonte ◽  
Antonio Barbieri ◽  
Giuseppe Palma ◽  
Claudio Arra
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Growth ◽  
Human Cancer ◽  
Primary Tumour ◽  
Cancer Cell Growth ◽  
Peripheral Tissues ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
Relieve Pain ◽  
Pain And Suffering ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Morphine, a highly potent analgesic agent, is widely used to relieve pain and suffering of patients with cancer. Additionally, it has been reported that morphine is important in the regulation of cancerous tissue. Morphine relieves pain by acting directly on the central nervous system, although its activities on peripheral tissues are responsible for many adverse side effects. For these reasons, it is very important also to understand the role of morphine in cancer treatment. The published literature reporting the effect of morphine on tumor growth presents some discrepancies, with reports suggesting that morphine may either promote or inhibit the tumor growth. It has been also demonstrated that morphine modulates angiogenesis which is important for primary tumour growth, invasiveness, and the development of metastasis. This review will focus on the latest findings on the role of morphine in the regulation of cancer cell growth and angiogenesis.

scholarly journals Deciphering the role of AMPK-related kinase 5 in human cancer progression and metastasis

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 3396-3404
Author(s):  
Alfredo Bambang ◽  
Caroline Tanadi ◽  
Anton Sumarpo
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Human Cancer

scholarly journals SGK1 in Human Cancer: Emerging Roles and Mechanisms

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiwen Sang ◽  
Piaoping Kong ◽  
Shizhen Zhang ◽  
Lingyu Zhang ◽  
Ying Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Kinase Activity ◽  
Human Cancer ◽  
Therapy Resistance ◽  
Cancer Cell Proliferation ◽  
Serine Threonine Kinase ◽  
Aberrant Expression ◽  
Threonine Kinase ◽  
Cancer Types

Serum and glucocorticoid-induced protein kinase 1 (SGK1) is a member of the “AGC” subfamily of protein kinases, which shares structural and functional similarities with the AKT family of kinases and displays serine/threonine kinase activity. Aberrant expression of SGK1 has profound cellular consequences and is closely correlated with human cancer. SGK1 is considered a canonical factor affecting the expression and signal transduction of multiple genes involved in the genesis and development of many human cancers. Abnormal expression of SGK1 has been found in tissue and may hopefully become a useful indicator of cancer progression. In addition, SGK1 acts as a prognostic factor for cancer patient survival. This review systematically summarizes and discusses the role of SGK1 as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker of diverse cancer types; focuses on its essential roles and functions in tumorigenesis, cancer cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, metastasis, autophagy, metabolism, and therapy resistance and in the tumor microenvironment; and finally summarizes the current understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of SGK1 at the molecular level. Taken together, this evidence highlights the crucial role of SGK1 in tumorigenesis and cancer progression, revealing why it has emerged as a potential target for cancer therapy.

scholarly journals Emerging Role of l-Dopa Decarboxylase in Flaviviridae Virus Infections

Cells ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 837 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frakolaki ◽  
Kalliampakou ◽  
Kaimou ◽  
Moraiti ◽  
Kolaitis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Replication ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Physiological Role ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Dopa Decarboxylase ◽  
Hcv Rna ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
Peripheral Tissues ◽  
Functional Complex

l-dopa decarboxylase (DDC) that catalyzes the biosynthesis of bioactive amines, such as dopamine and serotonin, is expressed in the nervous system and peripheral tissues, including the liver, where its physiological role remains unknown. Recently, we reported a physical and functional interaction of DDC with the major signaling regulator phosphoinosite-3-kinase (PI3K). Here, we provide compelling evidence for the involvement of DDC in viral infections. Studying dengue (DENV) and hepatitis C (HCV) virus infection in hepatocytes and HCV replication in liver samples of infected patients, we observed a negative association between DDC and viral replication. Specifically, replication of both viruses reduced the levels of DDC mRNA and the ~120 kDa SDS-resistant DDC immunoreactive functional complex, concomitant with a PI3K-dependent accumulation of the ~50 kDa DDC monomer. Moreover, viral infection inhibited PI3K-DDC association, while DDC did not colocalize with viral replication sites. DDC overexpression suppressed DENV and HCV RNA replication, while DDC enzymatic inhibition enhanced viral replication and infectivity and affected DENV-induced cell death. Consistently, we observed an inverse correlation between DDC mRNA and HCV RNA levels in liver biopsies from chronically infected patients. These data reveal a novel relationship between DDC and Flaviviridae replication cycle and the role of PI3K in this process.

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