scholarly journals From Citizen Science to Policy Development on the Coral Reefs of Jamaica

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. James C. Crabbe
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Citizen Science ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
North Coast ◽  
Reef Management ◽  
The North

This paper explores the application of citizen science to help generation of scientific data and capacity-building, and so underpin scientific ideas and policy development in the area of coral reef management, on the coral reefs of Jamaica. From 2000 to 2008, ninety Earthwatch volunteers were trained in coral reef data acquisition and analysis and made over 6,000 measurements on fringing reef sites along the north coast of Jamaica. Their work showed that while recruitment of small corals is returning after the major bleaching event of 2005, larger corals are not necessarily so resilient and so need careful management if the reefs are to survive such major extreme events. These findings were used in the development of an action plan for Jamaican coral reefs, presented to the Jamaican National Environmental Protection Agency. It was agreed that a number of themes and tactics need to be implemented in order to facilitate coral reef conservation in the Caribbean. The use of volunteers and citizen scientists from both developed and developing countries can help in forging links which can assist in data collection and analysis and, ultimately, in ecosystem management and policy development.

scholarly journals Les rivages des Bermudes et les formes littorales de dissolution du calcaire

2005 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
François Taillefer
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Mechanical Action ◽  
Intermediate Position ◽  
Striking Feature ◽  
Tidal Range ◽  
Intermediate Type ◽  
North East ◽  
The North

The littoral morphology of the Bermudas is an erosional morphology in limestones, the main processes being mechanical action and solution. The temperatures, in January and February, of the waters washing the Bermudas, are low enough to prevent the growing of true coral reefs. Therefore, it is not the morphology of a coral reef. The predominance of wave-cut cliffs is the most striking feature, despite the low and gently rolling topography. There are, however, other types of coasts on the islands, the mangrove being found on many sheltered shores. The writer thus opposes the sheltered shores of the sounds to the ones exposed on the southcoast, while the shores of the north and north-east coasts belong to an intermediate type. The steplike arrangement of the coastal forms of solution of the Bermudas limestones is primarily linked to the amount of the tidal range. These features are similar to those described on the shores of the warm seas, where the tide is negligible or weak. The Bermudas occupy an intermediate position between the regions where reefs are built by corals, and those, to the north, where solution, helped by other processes, occurs without compensation.

scholarly journals Potential contribution of fish restocking to the recovery of deteriorated coral reefs: an alternative restoration method?

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uri Obolski ◽  
Lilach Hadany ◽  
Avigdor Abelson
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Rapid Decline ◽  
Potential Contribution ◽  
Reef Management ◽  
Reef Restoration ◽  
Reef Recovery ◽  
Restoration Method

Counteracting the worldwide trend of coral reef degeneration is a major challenge for the scientific community. A crucial management approach to minimizing stress effects on healthy reefs and helping the recovery of disturbed reefs is reef protection. However, the current rapid decline of the world's reefs suggests that protection might be insufficient as a viable stand-alone management approach for some reefs. We thus suggest that the ecological restoration of coral reefs (CRR) should be considered as a valid component of coral reef management, in addition to protection, if the applied method is economically applicable and scalable. This theoretical study examines the potential applicability and outcomes of restocking grazers as a restoration tool for coral reef recovery – a tool that has not been applied so far in reef restoration projects. We studied the effect of restocking grazing fish as a restoration method using a mathematical model of degrading reefs, and analyzed the financial outcomes of the restocking intervention. The results suggest that applying this restoration method, in addition to protection, can facilitate reef recovery. Moreover, our analysis suggests that the restocking approach almost always becomes profitable within several years. Considering the relatively low cost of this restoration approach and the feasibility of mass production of herbivorous fish, we suggest that this approach should be considered and examined as an additional viable restoration tool for coral reefs.

scholarly journals Potential contribution of fish restocking to the recovery of deteriorated coral reefs: an alternative restoration method?

PeerJ ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. e1732 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uri Obolski ◽  
Lilach Hadany ◽  
Avigdor Abelson
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Rapid Decline ◽  
Potential Contribution ◽  
Reef Management ◽  
Reef Restoration ◽  
Reef Recovery ◽  
Restoration Method

Counteracting the worldwide trend of coral reef degeneration is a major challenge for the scientific community. A crucial management approach to minimizing stress effects on healthy reefs and helping the recovery of disturbed reefs is reef protection. However, the current rapid decline of the world’s reefs suggests that protection might be insufficient as a viable stand-alone management approach for some reefs. We thus suggest that the ecological restoration of coral reefs (CRR) should be considered as a valid component of coral reef management, in addition to protection, if the applied method is economically applicable and scalable. This theoretical study examines the potential applicability and outcomes of restocking grazers as a restoration tool for coral reef recovery—a tool that has not been applied so far in reef restoration projects. We studied the effect of restocking grazing fish as a restoration method using a mathematical model of degrading reefs, and analyzed the financial outcomes of the restocking intervention. The results suggest that applying this restoration method, in addition to protection, can facilitate reef recovery. Moreover, our analysis suggests that the restocking approach almost always becomes profitable within several years. Considering the relatively low cost of this restoration approach and the feasibility of mass production of herbivorous fish, we suggest that this approach should be considered and examined as an additional viable restoration tool for coral reefs.

scholarly journals Quo Vadis Reclamation Policy Development Bay Of Jakarta

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 03002
Author(s):  
Trubus Rahardiansah
Keyword(s):  
Policy Development ◽  
Provincial Government ◽  
North Coast ◽  
The Public ◽  
Policy Theory ◽  
The North ◽  
Presidential Decree ◽  
Reclamation Project ◽  
Quo Vadis ◽  
The Government

The reclamation policy of the bay of Jakarta has been started since 1995 with the issuance of Presidential Decree no. 52 of 1995 on the North Coast Reclamation of Jakarta. Because in the implementation of many protests from the public, the Government canceled the policy of reclamation by issuing Presidential Regulation No. 54 of 2008 on Spatial Planning of Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang, Bekasi, Puncak and Cianjur. However, in its development, the Provincial Government of DKI Jakarta issued Governor Regulation No. 58 of 2018 on the Establishment, Organization and Working Procedures of the North Coast Reclamation Management Coordinating Board of Jakarta. Surprisingly substantially the Governor’s Regulation refers to Presidential Decree No. 52 of 1995 and implies that the reclamation project will continue. By using Mazmanian and Sabatier (1983) policy theory, namely: (1) tractability of the problems; (2) ability of statute to structure implementation; (3) nonstatutory variables affecting implementation, the implementation of reclamation policy has not been successful.

scholarly journals Comparative Effects of Different Disturbances in Coral Reef Habitats in Moorea, French Polynesia

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mélanie L. Trapon ◽  
Morgan S. Pratchett ◽  
Lucie Penin
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Coral Reef ◽  
Ecosystem Management ◽  
Fish Assemblages ◽  
Coral Cover ◽  
French Polynesia ◽  
North Coast ◽  
Tropical Storms ◽  
The North ◽  
Coral Composition

Degradation and loss of critical coastal habitats has significant ramifications for marine fisheries, such that knowledge of changes in habitat quality and quantity are fundamental to effective ecosystem management. This study explores changes in the structure of coral reef habitats, specifically changes in coral cover and composition, in Moorea, French Polynesia, to assess the independent and combined effects of different disturbances since 1979. During this period, reefs on the north coast have been subject to coral bleaching, severe tropical storms, as well as outbreaks ofAcanthaster. Coral cover varied significantly among years, showing marked declines during some, but not all, disturbances. The greatest rates of coral loss coincided with outbreaks ofA. planci. Moreover, successive disturbances have had differential effects among coral genera, leading to strong directional shifts in coral composition.Acroporais declining in abundance and coral assemblages are becoming increasingly dominated byPocillopora and Porites. Observed changes in the cover and composition of corals are likely to have further significant impacts on the reef fish assemblages. Given that significant disturbances have been mostly associated with outbreaks ofA. planci, rather than climate change, effective ecosystem management may reduce and/or delay impending effects of climate change.

scholarly journals Exploring the Lack of Funding for Coral Reef Research and it’s Effects on Coral Reef Management and Conservation

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenna Bushnell ◽  
Soo Park
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Coral Reef ◽  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Marine Biology ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
Reef Management ◽  
Research Programs ◽  
College Professor ◽  
Initial Assumption ◽  
Coral Reef Ecosystems

Climate change is greatly harming coral reefs (Gibbs and West, 2019). It is important to research how to help these coral reefs build resilience against climate change but research programs are severely underfunded (Johnston et al. 2020). This paper explored how lack of funding prevents scientists from saving coral reefs and how scientists themselves can be affected. The goal of this paper was to bring to light the struggles faced in the midst of underfunding to feasibly gain support from politicians and government officials to promote funding for these programs. Through three virtual interviews with two scientists and one college professor, I gathered personal experiences from these participants on how coral reefs are being affected today, why research is necessary, and how lack of funding prevents the restoration of these reefs. With the use of a thematic analysis, I was able to recognize common themes between the interviews in order to conclude how lack of program funding prevents scientists from managing and restoring these coral reef ecosystems. The initial assumption for this paper was that coral reef research is underfunded because coral reefs are considered less important, however, the analysis of the data for this paper concluded that all research programs are underfunded. In essence, marine biology, in general, is underfunded as opposed to mainly research on coral reefs. As a result, scientists can be very limited in their abilities to conduct research.

scholarly journals In Situ Observations of Foraminiferal Bleaching in the Maldives, Indian Ocean

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Spezzaferri ◽  
Akram El Kateb ◽  
Chiara Pisapia ◽  
Pamela Hallock
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Coral Bleaching ◽  
Solar Irradiance ◽  
Reef Management ◽  
Recent Onset ◽  
The North ◽  
Management Plans ◽  
In Situ Observations

Abstract Coral reefs are threatened worldwide by a variety of natural and human-induced stressors; anomalous temperatures are presently among the most serious threats by causing extensive coral bleaching. Amphistegina spp. exhibit similar bleaching as corals in the presence of photo-oxidative stress induced by either light or temperature, especially during times of maximum solar irradiance. At 11 islands (34 sampling sites) in the North Ari Atoll in the Maldives, bleaching in Amphistegina was observed a few weeks before the onset of an extensive El Niño-related coral bleaching that was more severe than expected for this region. Assessment using the Amphistegina Bleaching Index (ABI) showed that the proportions of bleached specimens of Amphistegina in April–May 2015 can be explained by photo-inhibitory stress associated with temperatures exceeding 30°C during peak seasonal solar irradiance and water transparency. Importantly, the ABI indicates that environmental conditions are suitable for Amphistegina and other calcifying symbioses at most of the investigated sites, and that either chronic or relatively recent onset of photo-oxidative stress was present at the time of sampling. The observed bleaching in Amphistegina further demonstrates the potential of these unicellular protists to identify stressors in coral reefs; such applications should be considered in future reef-management plans.

scholarly journals ESTIMASI DANA MASYAKARAT MELALUI VALUASI EKONOMI KERUSAKAN TERUMBU KARANG DI DESA POKA KOTA AMBON

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Eygner Talakua
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Economic Valuation ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Rehabilitation Program ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressure ◽  
Community Perception ◽  
Reef Management ◽  
The People

Ambon Bay, Ambon City is a region with high anthropogenic pressure and is very influential on coastal and marine resources, especially coral reefs. Damage to coral reefs in Ambon Bay occurred in Poka Village, handling has been done through the rehabilitation program with coral transplantation techniques, but the need for support and community participation in its management. One of the factors not yet successful management of coral reefs is lack of funds, whereas according to the rules of fund of coral reef management activities one of them can be sourced from the community. This study aims to determine the perception of the community on the existence of coral reefs, analyze the economic value of coral reef damage, and estimate community funds to repair damage to coral reefs in Poka Village, Ambon City. The study was conducted from January to May 2018 using case study method. A sample of 107 heads of households was obtained through proposive sampling and techniques of economical sampling of economies. The data analysis consisted of the analysis of community perception using the likeness scale on three indicators: knowledge, benefit, and coral reef damage; analysis of non-market economic valuation through CVM method; and estimates of community funds through the calculation of the total value of willingness to pay based on the number of people who are willing.The results showed that: 1). The perception of most of the people is very know and know the existence of coral reefs in Poka Village, only a small perception of hesitate and do not know; 2). There is a relationship of perception and willingness to pay the community to repair damage to coral reefs in Poka Village; 3). The economic value of coral reef damage is Rp. 4.288.000, - / month or Rp 51.456.000, - / year; and 4.) The estimation of community fund for coral reef damage in Poka Village is Rp 3,888,322,95 / month or Rp 46,659,875,46 / year.

scholarly journals Resident Perceptions of Ecosystem Services Provided by U.S. Coral Reefs: Highlights from the First Cycle of the National Coral Reef Monitoring Program’s Socioeconomic Survey

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 2081
Author(s):  
Mary E. Allen ◽  
Chloe S. Fleming ◽  
Sarah B. Gonyo ◽  
Erica K. Towle ◽  
Maria K. Dillard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Monitoring Program ◽  
American Samoa ◽  
Human Populations ◽  
Reef Management ◽  
Holistic Understanding ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Reef Monitoring

Despite being among the most valuable ecosystems on Earth, coral reefs face ongoing threats that could negatively impact the human populations who depend on them. The National Coral Reef Monitoring Program (NCRMP) collects and monitors data on various aspects of U.S. coral reefs to provide a holistic understanding of the status of the reefs and adjacent human communities. This paper explores results from the NCRMP’s first socioeconomic monitoring cycle using an ecosystem services framework and examines how these results can be used to improve coral reef management in the following U.S. coral reef jurisdictions: American Samoa, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, Florida, Guam, Hawai’i, Puerto Rico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands. Results suggest that residents in the U.S. Pacific coral reef basin may hold stronger cultural and provisioning values, whereas residents in the U.S. Atlantic coral reef basin may hold stronger regulating values. These findings suggest that outreach efforts have been successful in communicating benefits provided by coral reef ecosystems to the public. They also provide insight into which ecosystem services are valued in each jurisdiction, allowing resource managers to make science-based decisions about how to communicate conservation and management initiatives.

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