scholarly journals Association betweenBDNFrs6265 and Obesity in the Boston Puerto Rican Health Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xian-Yong Ma ◽  
Wei Qiao Qiu ◽  
Caren E. Smith ◽  
Laurence D. Parnell ◽  
Zong-Yong Jiang ◽  
...  

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has been associated with regulation of body weight and appetite. The goal of this study was to examine the interactions of a functional variant (rs6265) in theBDNFgene with dietary intake for obesity traits in the Boston Puerto Rican Health Study.BDNFrs6265 was genotyped in 1147 Puerto Rican adults and examined for association with obesity-related traits. Men (n=242) with the GG genotype had higher BMI (P=0.009), waist circumference (P=0.002), hip (P=0.002), and weight (P=0.03) than GA or AA carriers (n=94). They had twice the risk of being overweight (BMI≥25) relative to GA or AA carriers (OR = 2.08, CI = 1.02–4.23, andP=0.043). Interactions between rs6265 and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) intake were associated with BMI, hip, and weight, and n-3 : n-6 PUFA ratio with waist circumference in men. In contrast, women (n=595) with the GG genotype had significantly lower BMI (P=0.009), hip (P=0.029), and weight (P=0.027) than GA or AA carriers (n=216). Women with the GG genotype were 50% less likely to be overweight compared to GA or AA carriers (OR = 0.05, CI = 0.27–0.91, andP=0.024). In summary,BDNFrs6265 is differentially associated with obesity risk by sex and interacts with PUFA intake influencing obesity traits in Boston Puerto Rican men.

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2879
Author(s):  
Piotr Janiszewski ◽  
Dariusz Lisiak ◽  
Karol Borzuta ◽  
Eugenia Grześkowiak ◽  
Tomasz Schwarz ◽  
...  

The research was conducted on the effect of bird broilers fed with different hybrid rye doses on the fatty acids profile in muscle. The first experiment was performed on 3 geese broilers groups fed with hybrid rye, oats or hybrid rye and oats mix in proportion 1:1. No effect of the hybrid rye feeding of geese on the SFA level in meat was observed, but the MUFA level was significantly higher and PUFA level and n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio were significantly lower than in geese fed with oats. The second experiment was performed on 3 chicken broiler groups fed with mix of corn, wheat, soybean meal and rapeseed oil (control group), and fed with an addition of 10% or 20% hybrid rye in diet (experimental groups). No effect of hybrid rye feeding of chicken broilers on the meat quality and SFA level was observed. However, the MUFA level was higher and the PUFA level and n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio were lower in meat of chicken broilers fed with hybrid rye. In conclusion hybrid rye is a healthy ingredient in the diet of studied birds and may be used up to 20% in chicken broilers and 50% in the diets of geese. A 100% hybrid rye in geese diet caused lower final body weight.


BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. e022877
Author(s):  
Tao Huang ◽  
Tiange Wang ◽  
Yoriko Heianza ◽  
Janey Wiggs ◽  
Dianjianyi Sun ◽  
...  

ObjectiveWe tested whether genetic variants near fatty acid desaturases gene (FADS) cluster, which were recently identified to be signatures of adaptation to fish-rich and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs)-rich diet, interacted with these dietary factors on change in body mass index (BMI).DesignThreeFADSvariants were examined for gene-diet interactions on long-term (~10 years) changes in BMI and body weight in four prospective cohort studies.SettingPopulation based study.Participants11 323 women from the Nurses’ Health Study (NHS), 6833 men from the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (HPFS) and replicated in 6254 women from the Women’s Health Initiative (WHI) and 5 264 Chinese from the Singapore Chinese Health Study (SCHS).Main outcomesLong-term (~10 years) changes in BMI and body weight.ResultsIn the NHS and HPFS cohorts, food-sourced n-3 PUFAs intake showed interactions with theFADSrs174570 on changes of BMI (P for interaction=0.02 in NHS, 0.05 in HPFS and 0.007 in combined). Such interactions were replicated in two independent cohorts WHI and SCHS (P for interaction=0.04 in WHI, 0.02 in SCHS and 0.001 in combined). The genetic associations of theFADSrs174570 with changes in BMI increased across the tertiles of n-3 PUFAs in all the cohorts. Fish intake also accentuated the genetic associations of theFADSrs174570 with long-term changes in BMI (pooled P for interaction=0.006). Viewed differently, long chain n-3 PUFAs intake showed stronger association with long-term changes in BMI among the rs174570 T carriers (beta=0.79 kg/m2per g, p=3×10−5) than the rs174570 non-T carriers (beta=0.16 kg/m2per g, p=0.08). Similar results were observed for fish intake.ConclusionsOur hypothesis-driven analyses provide replicable evidence that long chain n-3 PUFAs and fish intakes may interact with theFADSvariant on long-term weight gain. Further investigation is needed to confirm our findings in other cohorts.


2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (14) ◽  
pp. 1830-1838 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kjetil Bjørnevik ◽  
Tanuja Chitnis ◽  
Alberto Ascherio ◽  
Kassandra L Munger

Background: Results from previous studies on polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) intake and multiple sclerosis (MS) risk are conflicting. Objective: To prospectively investigate the association between dietary intake of PUFA and MS risk. Methods: We followed 80,920 women from Nurses’ Health Study (1984–2004) and 94,511 women from Nurses’ Health Study II (1991–2009) who reported on diet using a validated food frequency questionnaire every 4 years and identified 479 incident MS cases during follow-up. We used Cox regression to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), for the effect of PUFA intake on MS risk adjusting for age, latitude of residence at age 15, ancestry, cigarette smoking, supplemental vitamin D intake, body mass index, and total energy intake. Results: Higher intake of total PUFA at baseline was associated with a lower risk of MS (HR top vs bottom quintile: 0.67, 95% CI: 0.49–0.90, p trend = 0.01). Among the specific types of PUFA, only α-linolenic acid (ALA) was inversely associated with MS risk (HR top vs bottom quintile: 0.61, 95% CI: 0.45–0.83, p trend = 0.001). The long-chain fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) were not associated with MS risk. Conclusion: Low dietary PUFA intake may be another modifiable risk factor for MS.


2012 ◽  
Vol 66 (10) ◽  
pp. 1104-1109 ◽  
Author(s):  
C P Hansen ◽  
T L Berentzen ◽  
J Halkjær ◽  
A Tjønneland ◽  
T I A Sørensen ◽  
...  

2019 ◽  
Vol 150 (1) ◽  
pp. 167-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mercedes Sotos-Prieto ◽  
Caren E Smith ◽  
Chao-Qiang Lai ◽  
Katherine L Tucker ◽  
José M Ordovas ◽  
...  

ABSTRACT Background Transcription factor 7–like 2 (TCF7L2) genetic variants that predispose individuals to type 2 diabetes (T2D) show inconsistent associations with anthropometric traits. Interaction between TCF7L2 genotypes and dietary factors may help explain these observations. Objective We aimed to examine the potential modulation of TCF7L2-rs7903146 and rs12255372 on anthropometric markers by a Mediterranean diet (MedDiet). Methods Cross-sectional analysis was conducted in 1120 participants (aged 45–75 y) of the Boston Puerto Rican Health Study. Anthropometric variables were measured, and polymorphisms were genotyped using standardized protocols. Diet was assessed using a validated FFQ. The MedDiet was defined based on adherence to 9 food and nutrient components using sex-specific population-based median cut-offs; high adherence was defined as meeting ≥4 components. Haplotypes were tested for association with obesity traits, independently and via interaction with the MedDiet. Results TCF7L2-rs7903146 showed significant interaction with the MedDiet influencing BMI, weight, and waist circumference. The T risk-allele carriers (CT + TT) with a high MedDiet score had lower weight (77.3 ± 1.0 compared with CC 80.9 ± 1.0 kg; P = 0.013) and waist circumference (99.2 ± 0.9 compared with CC 102.2 ± 0.9 cm; P = 0.021), when compared with CC participants. A low MedDiet score resulted in no significant differences between genotypes. For TCF7L2-rs12255372, we found significant interactions with the MedDiet for weight (P-interaction = 0.034) and BMI (P-interaction = 0.036). The T allele carriers with a higher MedDiet score showed a trend of lower but no significant differences when compared with CC participants for BMI (P = 0.19), weight (P = 0.09), and waist circumference (P = 0.11). We found significant interactions between the 2 risk-carrying haplotypes and the MedDiet compared with the common haplotype (GC), with lower BMI (β ± SE, TT: −1.53 ± 0.68; P-interaction = 0.024), weight (TT: −4.16 ± 1.77; P-interaction = 0.019), and waist circumference (GT: −5.07 ± 2.50; P-interaction = 0.042) at a high MedDiet score. Conclusion Puerto Ricans with the TCF7L2-rs7903146 and rs12255372 T2D risk genotypes, although still high, had better anthropometric profiles when adhering to a MedDiet, suggesting that this diet may offset unfavorable genetic predisposition.


Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 129 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lu Wang ◽  
JoAnn E Manson ◽  
Susanne Rautiainen ◽  
J. Michael Gaziano ◽  
Julie E Buring ◽  
...  

Background: Laboratory studies suggest that ω3 and ω6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) may have divergent effects on the development of obesity. Epidemiologic studies comparing the associations for ω3 and ω6 PUFA are limited. Objective: We prospectively examined whether the baseline proportions of ω3 and ω6 PUFAs on erythrocyte membranes were associated with the risk of becoming overweight and changes in body weight in the Women’s Health Study (WHS). Methods: We identified WHS participants in a previous nested case-control study of hypertension who reported a body mass index (BMI) <25 kg/m 2 at baseline. Baseline fatty acid (FA) composition of erythrocyte membranes was measured as biomarkers of dietary FA intake using gas chromatography. Women who subsequently reported a BMI ≥25 kg/m 2 during follow-up were defined as becoming overweight. Body weight change was calculated as the difference in reported body weight from baseline to annual follow-up questionnaires. Results: Among 534 women with baseline BMI <25 kg/m 2 , 186 became overweight during an average of 10 years of follow-up. After initial adjustment for age, race, randomized treatment, the hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) for becoming overweight across increasing quartiles of erythrocyte PUFA were 1.00, 0.77 (0.49-1.21), 1.12 (0.75-1.67), and 1.19 (0.79-1.77) for cis ω6 PUFA (p, trend: 0.31), 1.00, 0.90 (0.61-1.31), 0.76 (0.51-1.13), 0.71 (0.45-1.10) for cis ω3 PUFA (p, trend: 0.09), and 1.00, 1.37 (0.84-2.22), 1.57 (1.01-2.43), and 1.58 (1.01-2.46) for ω6 to ω3 PUFA ratio (p, trend: 0.046). Additional adjustment for lifestyle and dietary factors did not substantially attenuate these associations, with HR (95% CI) of 1.00, 1.26 (0.76-2.08), 1.44 (0.91-2.28), and 1.56 (0.97-2.51) across increasing quartiles of ω6 to ω3 PUFA ratio (p, trend: 0.064). Analysis of longitudinal change in body weight showed similar associations. After multivariable adjustment, the mean±standard error of weight gain over an average of 10 years of follow-up across increasing quartiles of erythrocyte PUFA were 2.34±0.49, 1.92±0.53, 2.86±0.54, and 3.10±0.53 kg for cis ω6 PUFA (p, trend: 0.04), 2.97±0.52, 2.60±0.53, 2.74±0.53, 2.16±0.51 kg for cis ω3 PUFA (p, trend: 0.095), and 2.13±0.51, 2.65±0.54, 2.77±0.53, 2.98±0.52 kg for ω6 to ω3 PUFA ratio (p, trend: 0.05). trans PUFA 18:2 was not associated with the risk of becoming overweight or longitudinal weight gain. Analyses of joint categories of ω3 and ω6 PUFA did not show significant interaction . Conclusion: In this prospective study, we found suggestive evidence that the proportion of cis ω6 PUFA on erythrocyte membrane was positively associated, and cis ω3 PUFA inversely associated, with the risk of becoming overweight and weight gain in initially normal-weight women.


2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 389-389
Author(s):  
Marissa DiBella ◽  
Minu Thomas ◽  
Hana Alyousef ◽  
Courtney Millar ◽  
Christopher Blesso ◽  
...  

Abstract Objectives The purpose of this study was to compare equivalent amounts of two choline sources on plasma cholesterol and the parameters of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in adults aged 32 to 70 years. Methods Twenty-three subjects with MetS participated in this randomized, crossover clinical trial. Subjects underwent an initial period of 2 weeks without consuming any eggs, followed by a random allocation to consume either 3 eggs/day or a choline-bitartrate supplement for 4 weeks (choline equivalent of ∼400 mg/day for both interventions). After a 3 week washout period, participants were allocated to the alternate diet. We measured body weight, waist circumference, blood pressure, plasma lipids and glucose at the beginning and end of each dietary intervention and after the washout period. Three-day dietary and exercise records were collected concurrently with these measurements. Compliance was assessed weekly by self-reported consumed product. Results There was a 90% compliance among subjects. No differences in physical activity were reported between periods. Dietary records indicated that subjects were consuming more fat (P &lt; 0.001), more protein (P &lt; 0.009) and fewer carbohydrates (P &lt; 0.001) and more cholesterol (P &lt; 0.001) during the egg period. When dietary fat was analyzed separately, there were no differences in intake of saturated or polyunsaturated fatty acids. In contrast, consumption of monounsaturated fatty acids, known to lower plasma cholesterol, was higher during the egg compared to the supplement period (31.2 ± 11.2 vs. 24.3 ± 10.9 g/d), reflecting the fatty acid composition of eggs. Surprisingly, although dietary cholesterol was higher during the egg period, plasma total cholesterol, LDL and HDL cholesterol were not different between treatments or when compared to baseline (P &gt; 0.05). LDL cholesterol was 111.4 ± 20.5 mg/dL during the egg and 110.8 ± 21.4 during the supplement period. Percent changes in LDL from baseline were +2.4% for eggs (P = 0.375) and +6.7% for choline (P = 0.111). Similarly, blood pressure, plasma glucose and insulin did not differ between periods (P &gt; 0.05). Body weight and waist circumference did not change. Conclusions This study indicates that in this population with MetS, consumption of 3 eggs/day for 4 weeks did not increase a select group of biomarkers associated with increased risk for heart disease. Funding Sources The Egg Nutrition Center.


2013 ◽  
Vol 111 (7) ◽  
pp. 1283-1291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camilla P. Hansen ◽  
Tina L. Berentzen ◽  
Jane N. Østergaard ◽  
Christina C. Dahm ◽  
Lars I. Hellgren ◽  
...  

Previous studies have suggested that the intake oftrans-fatty acids (TFA) plays a role in the development of obesity. The proportions of adipose tissue fatty acids not synthesised endogenously in humans, such as TFA, usually correlate well with the dietary intake. Hence, the use of these biomarkers may provide a more accurate measure of habitual TFA intake than that obtained with dietary questionnaires. The objective of the present study was to investigate the associations between the proportions of specific TFA in adipose tissue and subsequent changes in weight and waist circumference (WC). The relative content of fatty acids in adipose tissue biopsies from a random sample of 996 men and women aged 50–64 years drawn from a Danish cohort study was determined by GC. Baseline data on weight, WC and potential confounders were available together with information on weight and WC 5 years after enrolment. The exposure measures were totaltrans-octadecenoic acids (18 : 1t), 18 : 1 Δ6-10t, vaccenic acid (18 : 1 Δ11t) and rumenic acid (18 : 2 Δ9c, 11t). Data were analysed using multiple regression with cubic spline modelling. The median proportion of total adipose tissue 18 : 1twas 1·52 % (90 % central range 0·98, 2·19) in men and 1·47 % (1·01, 2·19) in women. No significant associations were observed between the proportions of total 18 : 1t, 18 : 1 Δ6-10t, vaccenic acid or rumenic acid and changes in weight or WC. The present study suggests that the proportions of specific TFA in adipose tissue are not associated with subsequent changes in weight or WC within the exposure range observed in this population.


2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 494-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camilla P Hansen ◽  
Berit L Heitmann ◽  
Thorkild IA Sørensen ◽  
Kim Overvad ◽  
Marianne U Jakobsen

AbstractObjectiveStudies have suggested that total intake oftrans-fatty acids (TFA) is positively associated with changes in body weight and waist circumference, whereas intake of TFA from ruminant dairy and meat products (R-TFA) has not been associated with weight gain. However, these previous studies are limited by self-reported measures of body weight and waist circumference or by a cross-sectional design. The objective of the present study was to investigate if R-TFA intake was associated with subsequent changes in anthropometry (body weight, waist and hip circumference) measured by technicians and body composition (body fat percentage).DesignA 6-year follow-up study. Information on dietary intake was collected through diet history interviews, and anthropometric and bioelectrical impedance measurements were obtained by trained technicians at baseline (1987–1988) and at follow-up (1993–1994). Multiple regression with cubic spline modelling was used to analyse the data.SettingCopenhagen County, Denmark.SubjectsTwo hundred and sixty-seven men and women aged 35–65 years from the Danish MONICA (MONItoring of trends and determinants in CArdiovascular diseases) cohort.ResultsThe median R-TFA intake was 1·3 g/d (5th, 95th percentile: 0·4, 2·7 g/d) or 0·6 % of the total energy intake (5th, 95th percentile: 0·2, 1·1 %). No significant associations were observed between R-TFA intake and changes in body weight, waist and hip circumference or body fat percentage.ConclusionsR-TFA intake within the range present in the Danish population was not significantly associated with subsequent changes in body size, shape or composition and the 95 % confidence intervals indicate that any relevant associations are unlikely to have produced these observations.


Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 129 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Monik C Jimenez ◽  
Kathrine Tucker ◽  
Fatima Rodriguez ◽  
James B Meigs ◽  
Lenny Lopez

Introduction: Low blood levels of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) have been shown to have strong positive associations with diabetes, cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality and stroke. However, the underlying pathways remain unclear, given limited data to systematically examine associations of DHEAS with CVD risk. In exploratory analyses we tested the association between CVD risk factors and DHEAS levels in a large population of Latinos. Methods: Among 1,450 participants in the Boston Puerto Rican Health Study between the ages of 45-75 years at baseline, socio-demographic, behavior, medical history, anthropometric and blood pressure data were collected at in-home interviews conducted by trained staff. A certified phlebotomist collected fasting blood samples. All samples were assayed for DHEAS, lipids, and C-reactive protein (CRP), HbA1c, insulin and glucose (GL). Spearman correlations were estimated between DHEAS and continuous CVD risk factors (lipids, systolic blood pressure [SBP] and diastolic blood pressure [DBP], CRP, GL, HbA1c, insulin, body mass index [BMI], waist circumference, physical activity and alcohol consumptions). We used robust multivariable linear regression models adjusted for potential confounders and intermediates with α=0.05 to estimate the association selected CVD risk factors and DHEAS levels. CVD risk factors were identified from a set of potential candidate predictors (age, female gender, history of heart disease, diabetes status, SBP, DBP, total and high density cholesterol [TC, HDL], triglycerides [TG], GL, CRP) using stepwise linear regression with an entry criterion of α=0.20 and exit criterion of α=0.10. Results: The mean DHEAS concentration among women was 70.7 μg/dL (s.d. 53.9; median=70.7) and among men was 119 μg/dL (s.d. 87.7; median=100). In age and sex adjusted Spearman correlations, TC, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, physical activity and alcohol were positively significantly correlated with DHEAS, while BMI and waist circumference were inversely correlated. In robust multivariable linear regression adjusted for potential confounders, age (-8.3; 95%CI:-10.0,-6.5; per 5 yrs), sex (β=-32.5; 95%CI:-38.4,-26.6) and TG (β=-0.5; 95%CI:-0.7,-0.2; per 10 mg/dl) were significantly inversely associated with DHEAS concentration, while TC (β=0.9; 95%CI:0.2,1.6;per 10 mg/dL) and GL (β=0.7; 95%CI:0.2, 1.2;per 10 mg/dL) were positively associated, albeit non-statistically significant. Adjustment for history of CVD, diabetes and BMI, only marginally attenuated these associations. Conclusions: Our data provide support for a significant association between TG levels and DHEAS concentrations even after adjustment for potential confounders and intermediates, which has been previously untested. These results suggest that DHEAS may work through lipid pathways.


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