scholarly journals Synthesis of PEG-Iodine-Capped Gold Nanoparticles and Their Contrast Enhancement inIn VitroandIn Vivofor X-Ray/CT

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sun-Hee Kim ◽  
Eun-Mi Kim ◽  
Chang-Moon Lee ◽  
Dong Wook Kim ◽  
Seok Tae Lim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Contrast Enhancement ◽  
Energy Shift ◽  
Blood Pool ◽  
Ct Imaging ◽  
Binding Energies ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ct Contrast Agent ◽  
Liver And Kidney

We designed gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) capped with iodine and polyethylene glycol (PEG) to provide effective enhancement for X-ray CT imaging. The methoxy PEG-iodine-capped AuNPs were prepared through the chemisorption of iodine and substitution of methoxy PEG-SH onto the surface of gold nanoparticles, and severe aggregation in TEM was not observed. The binding energies of Au 4f7/2and I 3d5/2of the methoxy PEG-iodine-capped AuNPs were obtained as 84.1 eV and 619.3 eV, respectively. The binding energy shift of methoxy PEG-iodine-capped AuNPs would be resulted from the chemisorption between gold nanoparticles and iodine atoms. The methoxy PEG-iodine-capped AuNPs have higher enhancement compared to PEG-capped gold nanoparicles in the same amount of goldin vitro. After postinjection of methoxy PEG-iodine-capped AuNPs into the mice, dramatic contrast enhancement at the heart, aorta, liver, and kidney was observed, this was maintained up to 5 days, and there was no evidence of apparent toxicity. In conclusion, methoxy PEG-iodine-capped AuNPs might be a good candidate as a CT contrast agent for blood pool imaging, and this will also contribute to the prolongation of a blood circulation time for X-ray CT imaging.

scholarly journals X-ray Fluorescence Uptake Measurement of Functionalized Gold Nanoparticles in Tumor Cell Microsamples

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 3691
Author(s):  
Oliver Schmutzler ◽  
Sebastian Graf ◽  
Nils Behm ◽  
Wael Y. Mansour ◽  
Florian Blumendorf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Irradiation Time ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Nanoparticle Uptake ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Functionalized Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Uptake Measurement ◽  
Prostate Tumor Cells ◽  
Non Destructive

Quantitative cellular in vitro nanoparticle uptake measurements are possible with a large number of different techniques, however, all have their respective restrictions. Here, we demonstrate the application of synchrotron-based X-ray fluorescence imaging (XFI) on prostate tumor cells, which have internalized differently functionalized gold nanoparticles. Total nanoparticle uptake on the order of a few hundred picograms could be conveniently observed with microsamples consisting of only a few hundreds of cells. A comparison with mass spectroscopy quantification is provided, experimental results are both supported and sensitivity limits of this XFI approach extrapolated by Monte-Carlo simulations, yielding a minimum detectable nanoparticle mass of just 5 pg. This study demonstrates the high sensitivity level of XFI, allowing non-destructive uptake measurements with very small microsamples within just seconds of irradiation time.

scholarly journals IN VITRO CYTOTOXICITY AND ANTIOXIDANT EVALUATION OF BIOGENIC SYNTHESIZED GOLD NANOPARTICLES FROM MARSILEA QUADRIFOLIA ON LUNG AND OVARIAN CANCER CELLS

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Balashanmugam P. ◽  
Mosa Christas K. ◽  
Kowsalya E.
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
A549 Cell ◽  
In Vitro Cytotoxicity ◽  
Spherical Particles ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Marsilea Quadrifolia ◽  
Wide Range

Objective: The biogenic gold nanoparticles are considered to be extremely impressive for its wide range of applications in pharmaceutics and therapeutics. The present study was aimed at the biogenic synthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) from Marsilea quadrifolia aqueous extract and to investigate its antioxidant property and cytotoxic effect on human ovarian teratocarcinoma (PA-1) and lung adenocarcinoma (A549) cell lines.Methods: The biogenic AuNPs was synthesized using an aqueous extract of Marsilea quadrifolia. The synthesized biogenic AuNPs were characterized by ultraviolet (UV) visible spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The biogenic AuNPs was assessed for its stability over a period of time and antioxidant activity. The cytotoxicity of biogenic AuNPs against PA-1 and A549 cell lines was studied using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay.Results: The synthesized biogenic AuNPs showed peculiar ruby red color and a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) peak at 544 nm in the UV-Vis spectrum. The characterization of biogenic AuNPs by TEM, EDX and XRD revealed well dispersed spherical particles ranging from 10-40 nm and the presence of elemental gold and its crystalline nature, respectively. The AuNPs showed good stability and the scavenging activity at 50 μg/ml. The in vitro cytotoxicity of biogenic AuNPs against PA-1 and A549 cell lines recorded half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 45.88 μg/ml and 52.015 μg/ml, respectively.Conclusion: The biogenic AuNPs demonstrated superior antioxidant and antiproliferative activities against cancer cell lines.

scholarly journals Efficacy of silver and gold nanoparticles obtained from vermiwash: In vitro study on antimicrobial and antidiabetic activities

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1317-1325
Author(s):  
Latha Rathinam ◽  
S. P. Sevarkodiyone ◽  
J. Pandiarajan
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Assay Method ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Silver And Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Vitro Effect

Emerging nanobiotechnology has provided innovative techniques to synthesize nanoparticles through biological methods to explore the potentialities of biological sources like phytoextracts, microbes, animal secretions and excretion. This research studies the potential of vermiwash to synthesize the silver and gold nanoparticles and evaluate its in vitro effect of antimicrobial   and antidiabetic activities. The characterization of the nanoparticles was analyzed through various techniques. Ultraviolet (UV)-Visible spectroscopy showed the maximum absorption spectrum at 413 nm for silver and 541 nm for gold nanoparticles. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) revealed the reducing agent involved in nanoparticles synthesis. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images revealed the size of the silver and gold nanoparticles as 24 nm and 50 nm, respectively. Energy dispersive X-ray (EDAX) analysis revealed the elemental composition of the synthesized nanoparticles. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the crystalline nature of the nanoparticles that displayed the preferential orientation of the crystals toward the (111) plane.  Antimicrobial activity was assessed using the resazurin assay method.  A minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of less than 7.8 µg was observed in Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae. In the antifungal activity, MIC at 250 µg was noted in Mucor sp. and Candida albicans. Antidiabetic activity was assessed by α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory assay. IC50 of α-amylase and α-glucosidase activity of the silver nanoparticles was noted as 218 and 221 µg/mL, respectively. IC 50 value for the enzymatic assay dose-dependently confirmed the effect. Conclusively biosynthesized nanoparticles from vermiwash showed potential efficiency of antibacterial, antifungal and antidiabetic activities.

Colloidal Gold Nanoparticles as a Blood-Pool Contrast Agent for X-ray Computed Tomography in Mice

2007 ◽  
Vol 42 (12) ◽  
pp. 797-806 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quan-Yu Cai ◽  
Sun Hee Kim ◽  
Kyu Sil Choi ◽  
Soo Yeon Kim ◽  
Seung Jae Byun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Contrast Agent ◽  
Colloidal Gold ◽  
Blood Pool ◽  
Blood Pool Contrast Agent ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Colloidal Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
X Ray Computed

scholarly journals Synthesis, characterization, biological activities, and catalytic applications of alcoholic extract of saffron (Crocus sativus) flower stigma-based gold nanoparticles

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 230-245
Author(s):  
Fahad A. Alhumaydhi ◽  
Ibrahim Khan ◽  
Abdur Rauf ◽  
Muhammad Nasimullah Qureshi ◽  
Abdullah S. M. Aljohani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Crocus Sativus ◽  
Alcoholic Extract ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy

Abstract Currently, nanotechnology is gaining massive attention compared to conventional methods as the biosynthesis of plant-based nanoparticles is considered safe, effective, and ecofriendly. Therefore, keeping in view the importance of nanotechnology, the present study was designed to synthesize, characterize, and evaluate the biological effectiveness of saffron stigma-based gold nanoparticles (SS-AuNPs) for their in vitro and in vivo biological properties. These gold nanoparticles were characterized by UV–Vis spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The highest antibacterial effect was observed by the saffron extract against Escherichia coli (22 mm). SS-AuNPs significantly inhibited the activity of enzyme urease (54.98%) and CA-II (64.29%). However, the nonsignificant inhibitory effect was observed in the case of α-chymotrypsin. Maximum analgesic (84.98%) and antiinflammatory (88.98%) effects were observed for SS-AuNPs (10 mg/kg). Similarly, SS-AuNPs demonstrated a significant (P < 0.01) sedative effect at all tested doses.

Abstract 12969: Potential of Targeted Nanotherapy for Vascular Inflammation With Gold Nanoparticles

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (Suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hisanori Kosuge ◽  
Maki Nakamura ◽  
Ayako Oyane ◽  
Atsushi Taninaka ◽  
Hidemi Shigekawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Vascular Inflammation ◽  
Optical Excitation ◽  
Ct Imaging ◽  
Aortic Aneurysms

Introduction: Inflammation contributes to progression of both atherosclerosis and abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA). Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) have imaging and therapeutic properties, as they can ablate cells through optical excitation. We have shown that GNPs are taken up by vascular macrophages and can be used to detect murine carotid atherosclerosis and AAA with computed tomography (CT). In this study, we evaluated GNPs for optical ablation of macrophages in vitro and ex vivo. Methods: Mouse macrophage cells were incubated with or without 100 or 200 μg/ml of GNPs (15 nm) for 24 hours. Ten million cells with or without GNPs were exposed to near-infrared (NIR) laser light (830 nm, pulse width 200 femtosecond) for 10-20 minutes at 400-437 mW. After optical excitation, cells were incubated for 24 hours, and the viability was measured by MTT assay. Male apoE-deficient mice were subject to continuous angiotensin II infusion via subcutaneously implanted osmotic mini-pumps (N=4). After 2 weeks, mice were injected with GNPs (10 mg/mouse) via tail vein. At 48 hours post-injection, aortas were excised. Excised aortas were scanned with micro-CT imaging system and exposed to the laser for 20 minutes at 364 mW. After optical ablation, the sections of aortas were stained with anti-caspase-3 antibody. Results: With the higher dose of GNPs (200 μg/ml), cell viability was significantly reduced by in vitro optical excitation for 10 minutes (Figure 1, left; p<0.05). With the lower dose of GNPs (100 μg/ml), cell viability was significantly reduced by 20-minutes excitation, although 10-minutes excitation was not sufficient to reduce cell viability (Figure 1, right; p<0.003). Ex vivo CT imaging showed the accumulation of GNPs in adventitia of aorta (Figure 2). Ex vivo optical excitation showed minimal apoptosis induction of macrophages in adventitia. Conclusion: Optical excitation of GNPs causes macrophage ablation and has potential for targeted nanotherapy of vascular inflammation.

scholarly journals Evaluation of usage-induced degradation of different endodontic file systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shekhar Bhatia ◽  
Venkatesh Nagendrababu ◽  
Ove A. Peters ◽  
Amr Fawzy ◽  
Umer Daood
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Surface Defects ◽  
File System ◽  
File Systems ◽  
Passive Layer ◽  
Binding Energies ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Before And After

AbstractTo evaluate structural profiles and mechanical behaviour of WaveOne Gold (WOG), Twisted File Adaptive (TFA) and XP-endo shaper (XPS) instruments after root canal preparation. Standardized in vitro shaping was performed in presence of 5.25% sodium hypochlorite. File morphology was analyzed using scanning electron microscopy; X-ray diffraction analysis was performed before and after use along with Raman spectroscopy. Nanoindentation was carried out to characterize surface topography. Ni2+ release was measured at 1, 3, 5 and 7 days. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis was done before and after use. After allocating scan line shifts like in WOG, mechanical deformation was shown using first order polynomials. XPS file system showed minimal grooves on surface. SEM of WOG instrument showed scraping surface defects. Hardness varied from 8.11 ± 0.99 GPa in TFA system to 6.7 ± 1.27 GPa and 4.06 ± 4.1 GPa in XPS and WOG. Ni2+ concentration from WOG was 171.2 μg/L. Raman peak at 540–545 cm−1 is attributed to Cr2O3. High resolution of Ti 2p spectrum show distinctive peaks with binding energies dominating in WOG, XPS and TFA file system. XRD exhibited NiTi phases with diffraction peaks. WOG files showed more surface deterioration and less passive layer formation as compared to TFA and XPS systems.

Synthesis and Characterization of PEGylated Polyethylenimine-Entrapped Gold Nanoparticles for Blood Pool and Tumor CT Imaging

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (19) ◽  
pp. 17190-17199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benqing Zhou ◽  
Linfeng Zheng ◽  
Chen Peng ◽  
Du Li ◽  
Jingchao Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Blood Pool ◽  
Ct Imaging ◽  
Synthesis And Characterization
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