scholarly journals Arginine 16 Glycine Polymorphism inβ2-Adrenergic Receptor Gene Is Associated with Obesity, Hyperlipidemia, Hyperleptinemia, and Insulin Resistance in Saudis

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maha H. Daghestani ◽  
Arjumand Warsy ◽  
Mazin H. Daghestani ◽  
Ali N. Al-odaib ◽  
Abdelmoneim Eldali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Plasma Lipids ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Hip Circumference ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Obese Subjects ◽  
Arg16gly Polymorphism ◽  
Adrenergic Receptor Gene

Background. Several studies have shown an association between codon 16 polymorphism of theβ2AR gene and obesity.Methods. We studied the association between Arg16Gly polymorphism and obesity and its influence on anthropometric parameters, lipids, insulin resistance and leptin in Saudi individuals. The study group included 329 individuals (males: 109 and females: 220). Metabolic parameters, including glucose, lipids, insulin, and leptin were analyzed and anthropometric parameters including waist and hip circumference, waist/hip (W/H) ratio, and body mass index (BMI) were measured and HOMA-IR was calculated. Genotyping was conducted by DNA sequencing of 353 bp fragments, carrying the Arg16Gly polymorphic site.Results and Conclusion. Overweight and obese subjects had a significantly higher frequency of Gly16 (0.375 and 0.38, resp.) compared with normal-weight subjects (0.200). In addition, subjects carrying Gly16 allele regardless of their BMI had greater waist and hip circumference, W/H ratio, plasma lipids, leptin, glucose level, and insulin resistance as judged from the HOMA-IR, compared to those with the wild-type allele. The findings of this study show a significant association between the Arg16Gly polymorphism inβ2AR gene and the development of insulin resistance, overweight, and obesity in Saudi populations with an influence on the levels of lipid and leptin.

scholarly journals Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and metabolic syndrome at baseline of a multicentric Brazilian cohort: ELSA-Brasil study

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria de Fátima Haueisen Sander Diniz ◽  
Alline Maria Rezende Beleigoli ◽  
Maria Inês Schmidt ◽  
Bruce B. Duncan ◽  
Antônio Luiz P. Ribeiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Adult Health ◽  
Homeostasis Model Assessment ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Brazilian Cohort ◽  
Overweight Or Obesity

Abstract: Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) is a method to measure insulin resistance. HOMA-IR cut-offs for identifying metabolic syndrome might vary across populations and body mass index (BMI) levels. We aimed to investigate HOMA-insulin resistance cut-offs that best discriminate individuals with insulin resistance and with metabolic syndrome for each BMI category in a large sample of adults without diabetes in the baseline of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil). Among the 12,313 participants with mean age of 51.2 (SD 8.9) years, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 34.6%, and 60.1% had overweight or obesity. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome among normal weight, overweight and obesity categories were, respectively, 13%, 43.2% and 60.7%. The point of maximum combined sensitivity and specificity of HOMA-IR to discriminate the metabolic syndrome was 2.35 in the whole sample, with increasing values at higher BMI categories. This investigation contributes to better understanding HOMA-IR values associated with insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome in a large Brazilian adult sample, and that use of cut-off points according to ROC curve may be the better strategy. It also suggests that different values might be appropriate across BMI categories.

scholarly journals Biochemical and clinical characterization of metabolic phenotypes: a cross-sectional study from Maracaibo city, Venezuela

F1000Research ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 230
Author(s):  
Valmore Bermudez ◽  
Joselyn Rojas ◽  
Juan Salazar ◽  
Maria Sofia Martinez ◽  
Luis Carlos Olivar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Coronary Event ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Metabolic Phenotypes ◽  
Event Risk ◽  
Obese Subjects ◽  
Healthy Obese

Background: In 1980, Reuben Andresen observed that in certain individuals, obesity did not increase mortality, introducing an atypical phenotype called “healthy obese”. Other studies reported that 10-15 % of lean individuals presented insulin resistance, hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia. The objective of this study was to evaluate biochemical and clinical characteristics of metabolic phenotypes in Maracaibo city. Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional sub-analysis of The Maracaibo City Metabolic Syndrome Prevalence Study, with a randomized multistage sampling was performed including 1226 non diabetic individuals from both sexes. For phenotype definition, the subjects were first classified according to their BMI into Normal-Weight, Overweight and Obese; then divided in metabolically healthy and unhealthy using a two-step analysis cluster being predictive variables: HOMA2-IR, HOMA2-βcell, triglycerides. To evaluate the relationship with coronary risk, a multiple logistic regression model was performed. Results: In the studied population, 43.9% (n=538) were healthy normal weight, 5.2% (n=64) unhealthy normal weight, 17.4% (n=217) healthy obese and 33.5% (n=411) unhealthy obese subjects. Atypical phenotypes, Metabolically Unhealthy Normal-Weight (MUNW) was more frequent in males (56.3%), whereas Metabolically Unhealthy Obese (MUO) was more frequent in females (51.3%). This phenotypes had a higher coronary event risk, especially for obese individuals (MHO: OR=1.85 CI95%: 1.11-3.09; p=0.02 and MUO: OR=2.09 CI95%: 1.34-3.28; p<0.01). Conclusion: Individuals with atypical metabolic phenotypes are common in Maracaibo city. Related factors may include insulin resistance, basal glucose, and triglycerides levels. Lastly, obese subjects show a higher coronary event risk even those with normal metabolic status.

Dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, and impairment of placental metabolism in the offspring of obese mothers

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Matthew Bucher ◽  
Kim Ramil C. Montaniel ◽  
Leslie Myatt ◽  
Susan Weintraub ◽  
Hagai Tavori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Metabolic Flux ◽  
Maternal Obesity ◽  
Plasma Lipids ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Blood Insulin ◽  
Insulin Resistant ◽  
Health And Wellbeing

Abstract Obesity is a chronic condition associated with dyslipidemia and insulin resistance. Here, we show that the offspring of obese mothers are dyslipidemic and insulin resistant from the outset. Maternal and cord blood and placental tissues were collected following C-section at term. Patients were grouped as being normal weight (NW, BMI = 18–24.9) or obese (OB, BMI ≥ 30), and separated by fetal sex. We measured plasma lipids, insulin, and glucose in maternal and cord blood. Insulin resistance was quantified using the HOMA-IR. Placental markers of lipid and energy metabolism and relevant metabolites were measured by western blot and metabolomics, respectively. For OB women, total cholesterol was decreased in both maternal and cord blood, while HDL was decreased only in cord blood, independent of sex. In babies born to OB women, cord blood insulin and insulin resistance were increased. Placental protein expression of the energy and lipid metabolism regulators PGC1α, and SIRT3, ERRα, CPT1α, and CPT2 decreased with maternal obesity in a sex-dependent manner (P < 0.05). Metabolomics showed lower levels of acylcarnitines C16:0, C18:2, and C20:4 in OB women’s placentas, suggesting a decrease in β-oxidation. Glutamine, glutamate, alpha-ketoglutarate (αKG), and 2-hydroxyglutarate (2-HG) were increased, and the glutamine-to-glutamate ratio decreased (P < 0.05), in OB placentas, suggesting induction of glutamate into αKG conversion to maintain a normal metabolic flux. Newly-born offspring of obese mothers begin their lives dyslipidemic and insulin resistant. If not inherited genetically, such major metabolic perturbations might be explained by abnormal placental metabolism with potential long-term adverse consequences for the offspring’s health and wellbeing.

Association of β3-Adrenergic receptor gene polymorphism with insulin resistance in Japanese-American men

Metabolism ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 48 (11) ◽  
pp. 1367-1370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomokazu Kawamura ◽  
Genshi Egusa ◽  
Masamichi Okubo ◽  
Michinori Imazu ◽  
Michio Yamakido
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Gene Polymorphism ◽  
Adrenergic Receptor ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Japanese American ◽  
Receptor Gene Polymorphism ◽  
Adrenergic Receptor Gene

Association of a Polymorphism in the β3-Adrenergic–Receptor Gene with Features of the Insulin Resistance Syndrome in Finns

1995 ◽  
Vol 333 (6) ◽  
pp. 348-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Widén ◽  
Markku Lehto ◽  
Timo Kanninen ◽  
Jeremy Walston ◽  
Alan R. Shuldiner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Adrenergic Receptor ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Insulin Resistance Syndrome ◽  
Adrenergic Receptor Gene

scholarly journals Prevalence of overweight and obesity in adult rural population of the northern part of Backa and Banat

2012 ◽  
Vol 69 (10) ◽  
pp. 833-839 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatjana Pavlica ◽  
Verica Bozic-Krstic ◽  
Rada Rakic ◽  
Dejan Sakac
Keyword(s):  
Adult Population ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Obesity Prevalence ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Obesity Index ◽  
Obese Subjects ◽  
Male Subjects ◽  
Very High

Background/Aim. Obesity represents one of the frequent health problems in developed countries today. It is related to cardiovascular diseases, diabetes and various cancer forms. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity in adult population of the northern Backa and Banat. Methods. On the basis of a multistage stratified random sampling, 4,505 individuals of the age 40.61 ? 11.29 years took part in the study. The study included 46 rural settlements. The overweight and obesity prevalence was obtained using the anthropometric indicators of body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and the waist to hip ratio (WHR). The correlations among BMI, WC and WHR were determined by the Pearson's correlation coefficient while the multiple regression analysis was used for correlating sociodemographic parameters and the obesity index. Results. A significant positive correlation was found in relation to all anthropometric parameters in both sexes. The data indicated that 66.32% of males and 49.68% of females had an overweight problem. On average, approximately 38.52% of subjects of both sexes were overweight, while 19.48% were obese. The factors that largely contributed to higher values of the obesity index were the age of male subjects and the age, education and origin in females. Ragarding the female subjects, the level of education negatively correlated with the level of nutritional condition. Conclusion. The prevalence values of the overweight and obese subjects, obtained on the basis of the anthropometric parameters, vary. However, regardless methods applied, the percentage of the overweight and obese persons is very high, being among the highest recorded in European populations. The obtained results indicate the necessity of introducing better education programmes and conducting regular health controls among citizens in these regions.

scholarly journals Differences in metabolic biomarkers in the blood and gene expression profiles of peripheral blood mononuclear cells among normal weight, mildly obese and moderately obese subjects

2016 ◽  
Vol 116 (6) ◽  
pp. 1022-1032 ◽  
Author(s):  
Un Ju Jung ◽  
Yu Ri Seo ◽  
Ri Ryu ◽  
Myung-Sook Choi
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Gene Expression Profiles ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Obese Subjects ◽  
Metabolic Biomarkers

AbstractWe compared metabolic biomarkers in the blood and peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) gene expression profiles among normal weight (BMI, 18·5–23 kg/m2), mildly obese (BMI, 25–27·5 kg/m2) and moderately obese Korean adult men (BMI, 27·5–30 kg/m2). High leptin, lipids (except LDL- and HDL-cholesterol) and apoB levels and low adiponectin and HDL-cholesterol levels were present in the plasma of both mildly and moderately obese subjects. Circulating levels of inflammatory cytokines and markers of insulin resistance, oxidative stress and liver damage were altered in moderately obese subjects but not in mildly obese subjects. PBMC transcriptome data showed enrichment of pathways involved in energy metabolism, insulin resistance, bone metabolism, cancer, inflammation and fibrosis in both mildly and moderately obese subjects. Signalling pathways involved in oxidative phosphorylation, TAG synthesis, carbohydrate metabolism and insulin production; mammalian target of rapamycin, forkhead box O, ras-proximate-1, RAS and transforming growth factor-β signalling; as well as extracellular matrix–receptor interaction were enriched only in moderately obese subjects, indicating that changes in PBMC gene expression profiles, according to metabolic disturbances, were associated with the development and/or aggravation of obesity. In particular, fourteen and fifteen genes differentially expressed only in mildly obese subjects and in both mildly and moderately obese subjects, respectively, could be used as early or stable biomarkers for diagnosing and treating obesity-associated metabolic disturbance. We characterised BMI-associated metabolic and molecular biomarkers in the blood and provided clues about potential blood-based targets for preventing or treating obesity-related complications.

scholarly journals Does metabolic health in overweight and obesity persist? – Individual variation and cardiovascular mortality over two decades

2016 ◽  
Vol 175 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akaal Kaur ◽  
Desmond G Johnston ◽  
Ian F Godsland
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Cardiovascular Mortality ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Metabolic Health ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Metabolically Healthy

Objective Overweight and obese individuals may be metabolically healthy, but attention needs to be given to long-term persistence of this trait and any associated variation in cardiovascular risk. Design Cross-sectional and longitudinal variation in metabolic health and associated cardiovascular mortality were analysed in 1099 white European-origin normal-weight and overweight or obese males followed for 20years. Methods Definitions of metabolic health were based on LDL and HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, blood pressure, fasting glucose and cardiovascular risk. Insulin resistance (e.g. HOMA-IR) and sub-clinical inflammation (ESR and white blood cell count) were explored. Cardiovascular mortality risks and persistence of metabolic health status were evaluated. Results There were 87 cardiovascular deaths. Insulin resistance was increased in metabolically healthy overweight or obese participants (median HOMA-IR 2.63, 95% CI: 1.79–3.65, P<0.001) relative to normal-weight participants (median HOMA-IR 1.67, 95% CI: 1.08–2.67, P<0.001) as was sub-clinical inflammation but metabolically healthy overweight or obese individuals were not at increased risk of cardiovascular mortality compared with the metabolically healthy normal-weight individuals (hazard ratio 1.13, 95% CI: 0.34–3.72, P=0.8). The proportions of initially metabolically healthy overweight or obese who remained metabolically healthy for visits 2, 3 and 4 were 54, 48 and 39% respectively, and for initially normal-weight individuals, 68, 51 and 41%. A lower proportion of metabolically healthy overweight or obese individuals remained metabolically healthy at visit 2 compared with normal-weight individuals (P=0.007), but proportions converged thereafter. Conclusions Despite being insulin resistant and having greater sub-clinical inflammation, and despite instability in metabolic health status, metabolically healthy overweight or obese individuals were at no greater risk of cardiovascular mortality than their normal-weight equivalents.

COMPARISON OF METABOLIC PROFILE OF OBESE NON-DIABETIC PATIENTS WITH CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE DEPENDING ON ATORVASTATIN DOSE

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
pp. 846-850
Author(s):  
Tetiana Maksymets ◽  
Maria Sorochka ◽  
Olha Bondarenko ◽  
Natalia Karpyshyn ◽  
Olesia Bochar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Metabolic Profile ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Artery Disease

Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are one of the most important medical-biological and social problems in Ukraine and in the world because coronary artery disease (CAD) is a major cause of death and disability. Overweight and obesity are risk factor of CVD and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Although statins have been shown to be beneficial in secondary prevention of CVD in a number of trials, current reports of increased risk of T2DM with statin use raise concerns. The aim: To compare the metabolic profile and therapeutic targets of non-diabetic obese patients with CAD depending on the dose of atorvastatin. Materials and methods: The study included 107 patients (82 men and 25 women) with CAD and abdominal obesity. Patients were divided into two groups: those taking 20 mg and 40 mg of atorvastatin daily correspondingly. Glucose, insulin, HbA1c, HOMA-IR, lipids, hs-CRP and anthropometric parameters were measured for each subject. Results: For patients with CAD and obesity, who had taken atorvastatin in a 40-mg dose, we observed a significant increase in insulin resistance and impaired fasting glucose. Also we found a reliable correlation between the carbohydrate and lipid spectrum. These parameters reflect the mechanism of the formation of metabolic disorders as a result of intensive statin therapy. Сonclusions: Despite of the beneficial reductions in LDL and total cholesterol, atorvastatin treatment on a dose 40 mg resulted in significant increase of fasting glucose, insulin levels and insulin resistance pertaining to those patients.

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