scholarly journals Reconstruction and Analysis of Human Kidney-Specific Metabolic Network Based on Omics Data

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ai-Di Zhang ◽  
Shao-Xing Dai ◽  
Jing-Fei Huang
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Network ◽  
Metabolic Networks ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Human Kidney ◽  
Specific Model ◽  
The Body ◽  
Data Production ◽  
Metabolic Basis ◽  
Metabolic Biomarkers

With the advent of the high-throughput data production, recent studies of tissue-specific metabolic networks have largely advanced our understanding of the metabolic basis of various physiological and pathological processes. However, for kidney, which plays an essential role in the body, the available kidney-specific model remains incomplete. This paper reports the reconstruction and characterization of the human kidney metabolic network based on transcriptome and proteome data. In silico simulations revealed that house-keeping genes were more essential than kidney-specific genes in maintaining kidney metabolism. Importantly, a total of 267 potential metabolic biomarkers for kidney-related diseases were successfully explored using this model. Furthermore, we found that the discrepancies in metabolic processes of different tissues are directly corresponding to tissue's functions. Finally, the phenotypes of the differentially expressed genes in diabetic kidney disease were characterized, suggesting that these genes may affect disease development through altering kidney metabolism. Thus, the human kidney-specific model constructed in this study may provide valuable information for the metabolism of kidney and offer excellent insights into complex kidney diseases.

Studies on the Characterization of Factor VIII and a Co-factor VIII

1974 ◽  
Vol 31 (02) ◽  
pp. 328-338
Author(s):  
M. M. P Paulssen ◽  
H. L. M. A Vandenbussche-Scheffers ◽  
P. B Spaan ◽  
T de Jong ◽  
M. C Planje
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Factor Viii ◽  
The Body ◽  
Haemophilia A ◽  
Von Willebrand's Disease ◽  
Von Willebrand’S Disease ◽  
Polysaccharide Content ◽  
Plasma Factor ◽  
Two Factors

SummaryFactor VIII occurs in the body in two different forms. In lymph factor VIII is bound to chylomicra. In plasma, factor VIII is bound to a protein.After delipidation of chylomicra we obtained a glycoprotein with a high polysaccharide content and a molecular weight of approx. 160,000.In plasma, factor VIII is attached to a protein which is present in normal concentrations in plasma of patients with haemophilia A and in serum (co-factor VIII).This factor is deficient in both the plasma and the serum of patients with von Willebrand’s disease.The binding between factor VIII and co-factor VIII is reversible.Some properties of these two factors are described.

The Sober Bacchae: Dance as Phenomenal Limitation in Nietzsche

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-76
Author(s):  
Monique Lyle
Keyword(s):  
World View ◽  
The Body ◽  
Specific Function ◽  
Alain Badiou ◽  
Classical Greece ◽  
Birth Of Tragedy

This essay seeks to dispel entrenched critical opinion regarding dance across Nietzsche's writings as representative of Dionysian intoxication alone. Taking as its prompt the riposte of Alain Badiou, ‘Nietzsche is miles away from any doctrine of dance as a primitive ecstasy’ and ‘dance is in no way the liberated bodily impulse, the wild energy of the body’, the essay uncovers the ties between dance and Apollo in the Nietzschean theory of art while qualifying dance's relation to Dionysus. Primarily through an analysis of The Dionysiac World View and The Birth of Tragedy, the essay seeks to illuminate enigmatic statements about dance in Nietzsche (‘in dance the greatest strength is only potential, although it is betrayed by the suppleness of movement’ and ‘dance is the preservation of orderly measure’). It does this through an elucidation of the specific function of dance in Nietzsche's interpretation of classical Greece; via an assessment of the difficulties associated with the Nietzschean understanding of the bacchanal; and lastly through an analysis of Nietzsche's characterization of dance as a symbol. The essay culminates in a discussion of dance's ties to Nietzschean life affirmation; here the themes of physico-phenomenal existence, joy and illusion in Nietzsche are surveyed.

In-vivo evaluation of cisplatin nanoparticles encompass natural polymer

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Bhavani J ◽  
Sunil Kumar Prajapati ◽  
Ravichandran S
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Volume ◽  
Nitrogen Mustard ◽  
Common Type ◽  
The Body ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
Natural Polymer ◽  
Drinking Alcohol ◽  
In Vivo Evaluation

Cancer is assemblage diseases involving abnormal cell growth amid the potential of spread to other parts of the body due to tobacco use are the cause of about of cancer deaths. Another 10% is due to obesity, poor diet & drinking alcohol. In 2012 about 14.1 million new cases of cancer occurred globally. In females, the most common type is breast cancer. Cisplatin also known as cytophosphane is a nitrogen mustard alkylating agent from the oxazophosphinans groups were used to treat cancers & autoimmune disorders. Based on the above reasons I will fix the aim Preparation characterization of Cisplatin- nano particles  &  its anticancer activity. Solid tumor volume examination report showed that the assessment of different day indication 15,20,25 & 30th variations of different groups of tumor volumes were decreased CPG Nanoparticles (100 mg/kg)+ DAL(15th day 4.97±0.24↓), (20th day 0.6±0.13↓), (25th day 1.35±0.30↓) & (30th day 1.89±0.13↓).

scholarly journals Shiga Toxin (Stx)-Binding Glycosphingolipids of Primary Human Renal Cortical Epithelial Cells (pHRCEpiCs) and Stx-Mediated Cytotoxicity

Toxins ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 139
Author(s):  
Johanna Detzner ◽  
Elisabeth Krojnewski ◽  
Gottfried Pohlentz ◽  
Daniel Steil ◽  
Hans-Ulrich Humpf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Shiga Toxin ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Human Kidney ◽  
Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Liquid Ordered ◽  
Uremic Syndrome

Human kidney epithelial cells are supposed to be directly involved in the pathogenesis of the hemolytic–uremic syndrome (HUS) caused by Shiga toxin (Stx)-producing enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC). The characterization of the major and minor Stx-binding glycosphingolipids (GSLs) globotriaosylceramide (Gb3Cer) and globotetraosylceramide (Gb4Cer), respectively, of primary human renal cortical epithelial cells (pHRCEpiCs) revealed GSLs with Cer (d18:1, C16:0), Cer (d18:1, C22:0), and Cer (d18:1, C24:1/C24:0) as the dominant lipoforms. Using detergent-resistant membranes (DRMs) and non-DRMs, Gb3Cer and Gb4Cer prevailed in the DRM fractions, suggesting their association with microdomains in the liquid-ordered membrane phase. A preference of Gb3Cer and Gb4Cer endowed with C24:0 fatty acid accompanied by minor monounsaturated C24:1-harboring counterparts was observed in DRMs, whereas the C24:1 fatty acid increased in relation to the saturated equivalents in non-DRMs. A shift of the dominant phospholipid phosphatidylcholine with saturated fatty acids in the DRM to unsaturated species in the non-DRM fractions correlated with the GSL distribution. Cytotoxicity assays gave a moderate susceptibility of pHRCEpiCs to the Stx1a and Stx2a subtypes when compared to highly sensitive Vero-B4 cells. The results indicate that presence of Stx-binding GSLs per se and preferred occurrence in microdomains do not necessarily lead to a high cellular susceptibility towards Stx.

scholarly journals Potential use of molecular and structural characterization of the gut bacterial community for postmortem interval estimation in Sprague Dawley rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Huan Li ◽  
Siruo Zhang ◽  
Ruina Liu ◽  
Lu Yuan ◽  
Di Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Interval Estimation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Taxon Richness ◽  
Time Since Death ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Species Taxon

AbstractOnce the body dies, the indigenous microbes of the host begin to break down the body from the inside and play a key role thereafter. This study aimed to investigate the probable shift in the composition of the rectal microbiota at different time intervals up to 15 days after death and to explore bacterial taxa important for estimating the time since death. At the phylum level, Proteobacteria and Firmicutes showed major shifts when checked at 11 different intervals and emerged at most of the postmortem intervals. At the species level, Enterococcus faecalis and Proteus mirabilis showed a downward and upward trend, respectively, after day 5 postmortem. The phylum-, family-, genus-, and species-taxon richness decreased initially and then increased considerably. The turning point occurred on day 9, when the genus, rather than the phylum, family, or species, provided the most information for estimating the time since death. We constructed a prediction model using genus-level data from high-throughput sequencing, and seven bacterial taxa, namely, Enterococcus, Proteus, Lactobacillus, unidentified Clostridiales, Vagococcus, unidentified Corynebacteriaceae, and unidentified Enterobacteriaceae, were included in this model. The abovementioned bacteria showed potential for estimating the shortest time since death.

scholarly journals CD73 Overexpression in Podocytes: A Novel Marker of Podocyte Injury in Human Kidney Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (14) ◽  
pp. 7642
Author(s):  
Zoran V. Popovic ◽  
Felix Bestvater ◽  
Damir Krunic ◽  
Bernhard K. Krämer ◽  
Raoul Bergner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Membranous Glomerulonephritis ◽  
Human Kidney ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Podocyte Injury ◽  
Ccr2 Expression ◽  
Cd73 Expression

The CD73 pathway is an important anti-inflammatory mechanism in various disease settings. Observations in mouse models suggested that CD73 might have a protective role in kidney damage; however, no direct evidence of its role in human kidney disease has been described to date. Here, we hypothesized that podocyte injury in human kidney diseases alters CD73 expression that may facilitate the diagnosis of podocytopathies. We assessed the expression of CD73 and one of its functionally important targets, the C-C chemokine receptor type 2 (CCR2), in podocytes from kidney biopsies of 39 patients with podocytopathy (including focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), minimal change disease (MCD), membranous glomerulonephritis (MGN) and amyloidosis) and a control group. Podocyte CD73 expression in each of the disease groups was significantly increased in comparison to controls (p < 0.001–p < 0.0001). Moreover, there was a marked negative correlation between CD73 and CCR2 expression, as confirmed by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence (Pearson r = −0.5068, p = 0.0031; Pearson r = −0.4705, p = 0.0313, respectively), thus suggesting a protective role of CD73 in kidney injury. Finally, we identify CD73 as a novel potential diagnostic marker of human podocytopathies, particularly of MCD that has been notorious for the lack of pathological features recognizable by light microscopy and immunohistochemistry.

Systematic Investigation of Mouse Models of Parkinson’s Disease by Transcriptome Mapping on a Brain-Specific Genome-Scale Metabolic Network

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ecehan Abdik ◽  
Tunahan Cakir
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Metabolic Network ◽  
Mouse Models ◽  
Mus Musculus ◽  
Metabolic Networks ◽  
Systematic Investigation ◽  
Omics Data ◽  
Metabolic Alterations ◽  
Genome Scale

Genome-scale metabolic networks enable systemic investigation of metabolic alterations caused by diseases by providing interpretation of omics data. Although Mus musculus (mouse) is one of the most commonly used model...

Extraction and Characterization of Pepsin Soluble Collagen from the Body Wall of Sea Cucumber Acaudina leucoprocta

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 502-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saijun Lin ◽  
Ya-Ping Xue ◽  
Enli San ◽  
Tan Chee Keong ◽  
Lifang Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Cucumber ◽  
Body Wall ◽  
The Body ◽  
Soluble Collagen ◽  
Pepsin Soluble Collagen

Antibodies to kidney endothelial cells contribute to a “leaky” glomerular barrier in patients with chronic kidney diseases

2012 ◽  
Vol 302 (7) ◽  
pp. F884-F894 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nidia Maritza Hernandez ◽  
Anna Casselbrant ◽  
Meghnad Joshi ◽  
Bengt R. Johansson ◽  
Suchitra Sumitran-Holgersson
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Human Kidney ◽  
Cell Permeability ◽  
Chronic Kidney Diseases ◽  
Esrd Patients

Anti-endothelial cell antibodies (AECA) have been reported to cause endothelial dysfunction, but their clinical importance for tissue-specific endothelial cells is not clear. We hypothesized that AECA reactive with human kidney endothelial cells (HKEC) may cause renal endothelial dysfunction in patients with chronic kidney diseases. We report that a higher fraction (56%) of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients than healthy controls (5%) have AECA reactive against kidney endothelial cells ( P <0.001). The presence of antibodies was associated with female gender ( P < 0.001), systolic hypertension ( P < 0.01), and elevated TNF-α ( P < 0.05). These antibodies markedly decrease expression of both adherens and tight junction proteins VE-cadherin, claudin-1, and zonula occludens-1 and provoked a rapid increase in cytosolic free Ca2+and rearrangement of actin filaments in HKEC compared with controls. This was followed by an enhancement in protein flux and phosphorylation of VE-cadherin, events associated with augmented endothelial cell permeability. Additionally, kidney biopsies from ESRD patients with AECA but not controls demonstrated a marked decrease in adherens and tight junctions in glomerular endothelium, confirming our in vitro data. In summary, our data demonstrate a causal link between AECA and their capacity to induce alterations in glomerular vascular permeability.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document