scholarly journals The Roles of Traditional Chinese Medicine: Shen-Fu Injection on the Postresuscitation Care Bundle

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qian Zhang ◽  
Chunsheng Li
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Spontaneous Circulation ◽  
Organ Injury ◽  
Care Bundle ◽  
Early Goal Directed Therapy ◽  
Postresuscitation Care

Survival rates following in-hospital and out-of-hospital cardiac arrests remain disappointingly low. Organ injury caused by ischemia and hypoxia during prolonged cardiac arrest is compounded by reperfusion injury that occurs when a spontaneous circulation is restored. A bundle of procedures, which may need to be administered simultaneously, is required. The procedures include prompt identification and treatment of the cause of cardiac arrest, as well as a definitive airway and ventilation together. Additional benefit is possible with appropriate forms of early goal-directed therapy and achieving therapeutic hypothermia within the first few hours, followed by gradual rewarming and ensuring glycaemic control to be within a range of 6 to 10 mmol/L. All these would be important and need to be continued for at least 24 hours. Previous studies have showed that the effects of Shen-Fu injection (SFI) are based on aconitine properties, supplemented by ginsenoside, which can scavenge free radicals, improve energy metabolism, inhibit inflammatory mediators, suppress cell apoptosis, and alleviate mitochondrial damage. SFI, like many other complex prescriptions of traditional Chinese medicine, was also found to be more effective than any of its ingredient used separately in vivo. As the postresuscitation care bundle is known to be, the present paper focuses on the role of SFI played on the postresuscitation care bundle.

Improving post-resuscitation care after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-21
Author(s):  
Ruth Moira Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Care Pathway ◽  
Average Rate ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Spontaneous Circulation ◽  
Care Bundle ◽  
Care Pathways ◽  
Specialist Care ◽  
Delivery Of Care ◽  
Hospital Cardiac Arrest

Introduction: The average rate of survival following an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) in the UK was 7–8% at the start of 2019. An estimated 60 000 OHCAs are attended by UK ambulance services annually and, despite developments in prehospital and post-resuscitation care, there are significant variations in survival between regions and countries. Aims: This study aims to identify the potential for care pathways, evaluate UK practices and review the evidence for direct referral of OHCA patients to dedicated cardiac arrest centres. Methods: Evidence was gathered from 20 articles identified through a systematic search of articles related to OHCA and post-resuscitation care, as well as from NHS England in relation to performance and outcomes. Results: Between April 2018 and January 2019, 30.6% of patients experiencing an OHCA had a recorded ROSC (return of spontaneous circulation), and 10.2% survived. However, the 58.7% compliance with the post-ROSC care bundle by ambulance services suggests variations in the delivery of post-resuscitation care. At present, UK ambulance services stabilise and transfer OHCA patients with ROSC to the nearest emergency department, which may not provide specialist services. Holland and Norway report survival rates of 21% and 25% respectively, and operate a centralised approach to post-resuscitation care through designated cardiac arrest centres, which provide specialist care that helps to improve the likelihood of survival. While no randomised controlled trials have been carried out in relation to cardiac arrest centres, it is recognised that the quality of care in the post-resuscitation phase is important, as this is when the highest proportion of deaths occur. Conclusion: Further research into specific care pathways and centralised care should be carried out, and an OHCA post-resuscitation care pathway should be developed to improve the delivery of care and survival.

scholarly journals Antimalarial Effect of the Total Glycosides of the Medicinal Plant, Ranunculus japonicus

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 532
Author(s):  
Hae-Soo Yun ◽  
Sylvatrie-Danne Dinzouna-Boutamba ◽  
Sanghyun Lee ◽  
Zin Moon ◽  
Dongmi Kwak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Plasmodium Berghei ◽  
Antimalarial Activity ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Significant Inhibition ◽  
Ic50 Values ◽  
The Republic

In traditional Chinese medicine, Ranunculus japonicus has been used to treat various diseases, including malaria, and the young stem of R. japonicus is consumed as a food in the Republic of Korea. However, experimental evidence of the antimalarial effect of R. japonicus has not been evaluated. Therefore, the antimalarial activity of the extract of the young stem of R. japonicus was evaluated in vitro using both chloroquine-sensitive (3D7) and chloroquine-resistant (Dd2) strains; in vivo activity was evaluated in Plasmodium berghei-infected mice via oral administration followed by a four-day suppressive test focused on biochemical and hematological parameters. Exposure to extracts of R. japonicus resulted in significant inhibition of both chloroquine-sensitive (3D7) and resistant (Dd2) strains of P. falciparum, with IC50 values of 6.29 ± 2.78 and 5.36 ± 4.93 μg/mL, respectively. Administration of R. japonicus also resulted in potent antimalarial activity against P. berghei in infected mice with no associated toxicity; treatment also resulted in improved hepatic, renal, and hematologic parameters. These results demonstrate the antimalarial effects of R. japonicus both in vitro and in vivo with no apparent toxicity.

Phytochemistry and Pharmacology of the Genus Pedicularis Used in Traditional Chinese Medicine

2014 ◽  
Vol 42 (05) ◽  
pp. 1071-1098 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mao-Xing Li ◽  
Xi-Rui He ◽  
Rui Tao ◽  
Xinyuan Cao
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Iridoid Glycosides ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Phenylpropanoid Glycosides

In the present review, the literature data on the chemical constituents and biological investigations of the genus Pedicularis are summarized. Some species of Pedicularis have been widely applied in traditional Chinese medicine. A wide range of chemical components including iridoid glycosides, phenylpropanoid glycosides (PhGs), lignans glycosides, flavonoids, alkaloids and other compounds have been isolated and identified from the genus Pedicularis. In vitro and in vivo studies indicated some monomer compounds and extracts from the genus Pedicularis have been found to possess antitumor, hepatoprotective, anti-oxidative, antihaemolysis, antibacterial activity, fatigue relief of skeletal muscle, nootropic effect and other activities.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the anti-cancer activity of the triterpenoidal saponin fraction isolated from the traditional Chinese medicine Conyza blinii H. Lév.

RSC Advances ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 3408-3412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Long Ma ◽  
Haiyan Liu ◽  
Lingpei Meng ◽  
Ping Qin ◽  
Botao Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Saponin Fraction ◽  
Cancer Activity

Triterpenoidal saponins fraction isolated from a traditional Chinese medicine Conyza blinii H. Lév. demonstrates anti-cancer activity both in vitro and in vivo.

scholarly journals Molecular Imaging in Traditional Chinese Medicine Therapy for Neurological Diseases

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zefeng Wang ◽  
Haitong Wan ◽  
Jinhui Li ◽  
Hong Zhang ◽  
Mei Tian
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Molecular Imaging ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Chinese Herb ◽  
Public Health Care ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Cord Injury

With the speeding tendency of aging society, human neurological disorders have posed an ever increasing threat to public health care. Human neurological diseases include ischemic brain injury, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and spinal cord injury, which are induced by impairment or specific degeneration of different types of neurons in central nervous system. Currently, there are no more effective treatments against these diseases. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is focused on, which can provide new strategies for the therapy in neurological disorders. TCM, including Chinese herb medicine, acupuncture, and other nonmedication therapies, has its unique therapies in treating neurological diseases. In order to improve the treatment of these disorders by optimizing strategies using TCM and evaluate the therapeutic effects, we have summarized molecular imaging, a new promising technology, to assess noninvasively disease specific in cellular and molecular levels of living models in vivo, that was applied in TCM therapy for neurological diseases. In this review, we mainly focus on applying diverse molecular imaging methodologies in different TCM therapies and monitoring neurological disease, and unveiling the mysteries of TCM.

scholarly journals The Anti-Neuroinflammatory Effect of Fuzi and Ganjiang Extraction on LPS-Induced BV2 Microglia and Its Intervention Function on Depression-Like Behavior of Cancer-Related Fatigue Model Mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Songwei Yang ◽  
Yantao Yang ◽  
Cong Chen ◽  
Huiqin Wang ◽  
Qidi Ai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Inflammatory Mediators ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Chinese Herb ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Cancer Related Fatigue

The Chinese herb couple Fuzi and Ganjiang (FG) has been a classic combination of traditional Chinese medicine that is commonly used clinically in China for nearly 2000 years. Traditional Chinese medicine suggests that FG can treat various ailments, including heart failure, fatigue, gastrointestinal upset, and depression. Neuroinflammation is one of the main pathogenesis of many neurodegenerative diseases in which microglia cells play a critical role in the occurrence and development of neuroinflammation. FG has been clinically proven to have an efficient therapeutic effect on depression and other neurological disorders, but its mechanism remains unknown. Cancer-related fatigue (CRF) is a serious threat to the quality of life of cancer patients and is characterized by both physical and psychological fatigue. Recent studies have found that neuroinflammation is a key inducement leading to the occurrence and development of CRF. Traditional Chinese medicine theory believes that extreme fatigue and depressive symptoms of CRF are related to Yang deficiency, and the application of Yang tonic drugs such as Fuzi and Ganjiang can relieve CRF symptoms, but the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. In order to define whether FG can inhibit CRF depression-like behavior by suppressing neuroinflammation, we conducted a series of experimental studies in vitro and in vivo. According to the UPLC-Q-TOF/MSE results, we speculated that there were 49 compounds in the FG extraction, among which 30 compounds were derived from Fuzi and 19 compounds were derived from Ganjiang. Our research data showed that FG can effectively reduce the production of pro-inflammatory mediators IL-6, TNF-α, ROS, NO, and PGE2 and suppress the expression of iNOS and COX2, which were related to the inhibition of NF-κB/activation of Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathways. In addition, our research results revealed that FG can improve the depression-like behavior performance of CRF model mice in the tail suspension test, open field test, elevated plus maze test, and forced swimming test, which were associated with the inhibition of the expression of inflammatory mediators iNOS and COX2 in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus of CRF model mice. Those research results suggested that FG has a satisfactory effect on depression-like behavior of CRF, which was related to the inhibition of neuroinflammation.

Abstract 56: Ventilation Is Necessary During Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation In A Rat Model Of Cardiac Arrest Induced By Airway Obstruction

Circulation ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 116 (suppl_16) ◽  
Author(s):  
Akihide Kurita ◽  
Takumi Taniguchi ◽  
Ken Yamamoto
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
Airway Obstruction ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Spontaneous Circulation ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Plasma Cytokine ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Ventilation Strategies ◽  
Lactate Levels

Recent studies have showed that hypoventilation during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) improved the rates of return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) and prognosis. However, there are few studies about the ventilation strategies during CPR in cardiac arrest caused by airway obstruction. To compare the effects of the three ventilation strategies during CPR in an animal model of cardiac arrest induced by airway obstruction, we investigated the rates of ROSC, survival rates, plasma cytokine levels, and lactate levels. thirty-six male Sprague Dawley rats were anesthetized with intraperitoneal injection of pentobarbital. Cardiac arrest was induced by airway obstruction. After 3 minutes of cardiac arrest, animals were randomized to receive one of the three ventilation strategies during CPR (n = 12 per group): normoventiraion (28 breaths/min), hypoventilation (14 breaths/min), or no-ventilation. The rates of chest compression (CC) was 240 –260 compressions/min and the depth of CC adjusted to maintain mean arterial pressure more than 25 mmHg in all groups. After 5 minutes of CPR, epinephrine (0.02 mg/kg) was administered, and all rats were ventilated at the rates of 28 breaths/min in FiO2 1.0. The rates of ROSC were 83%, 58%, 0% for the normoventilation, hypoventilation, and no-ventilation groups, respectively. The PaCO2 levels immediately after ROSC were 74mmHg and 88 mmHg for the normoventilation, and hypoventilation groups, respectively. The increases of plasma cytokine (TNF-a, and IL-6) levels and lactate levels after ROSC in the normoventilation group were significantly less than those in the hypoventilation group. The present study showed that normoventilation during CPR improved the rates of ROSC and the survival rates after ROSC in the animal cardiac arrest model induced by airway obstruction. Moreover, normoventilation attenuated the elevation of cytokine and lactate responses. These findings suggest that ventilation may be necessary during CPR in cardiac arrest caused by airway obstruction.

Abstract 2003: More Chest Compressions and Fewer Shocks Are Given During Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Resuscitation With the 2005 AHA Guidelines

Circulation ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 116 (suppl_16) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynn J White ◽  
Sarah A Cantrell ◽  
Robert Cronin ◽  
Shawn Koser ◽  
David Keseg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Automated Analysis ◽  
Spontaneous Circulation ◽  
Chest Compressions ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Care Protocol ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Hospital Cardiac Arrest

Introduction Long pauses without chest compressions (CC) have been identified in CPR provided by EMS professionals for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OOHCA). The 2005 AHA ECC CPR guidelines emphasize CC. The 2005 AHA Basic Life Support (BLS) for Healthcare Professionals (HCP) course introduced a training method with more CPR skills practice during the DVD based course. The purpose of this before/after study was to determine whether CC rates increased after introduction of the 2005 course. Methods This urban EMS system has 400 cardiac etiology OOHCA events annually. A convenience sample of 49 continuous electronic ECG recordings of VF patients was analyzed with the impedance channel of the LIFEPAK 12 (Physio-Control, Redmond WA) and proprietary software. A trained researcher verified the automated analysis. Each CC during the resuscitation attempt and pauses in CC before and after the first defibrillation shock were noted. The time of return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) was determined by medical record review and onset of regular electrical activity without CC. Medical records were reviewed for outcome to hospital discharge. The EMS patient care protocol for VF was changed on July 1, 2006 to comply with the 2005 AHA ECC guidelines. Cases were grouped by the OOHCA date: 9/2004 to 12/31/2006 (pre) and 7/1/2006 to 4/21/2007 (post). EMS personnel began taking the 2005 BLS for HCP course during spring 2006. Monthly courses over 3 years will recertify 1500 personnel. Results 29 cases were analyzed from the pre group and 20 from the post group. Compressions per minute increased from a mean (±SD) of 47 ± 16 pre to 75 ± 33 post (P < 0.01). The mean count of shocks given per victim decreased from 4.5 ± 4.0 pre to 2.8 ± 1.8 post (P < 0.04). The CC pause before the first shock was unchanged (23.6 ± 18.4 seconds to 22.1 ± 17.9). but the CC pause following that shock decreased significantly from 48.7 ± 63.2 to 11.8 ± 22.5 (p=0.008). Rates of ROSC (55% pre, 50% post) and survival to discharge (15% pre, 13% post) were similar. Conclusion Following introduction of the 2005 BLS for HCP course and the EMS protocol change, the quality of CPR delivered to victims of OOHCA improved significantly compared with pre-2006 CPR. The sample size was too small to detect differences in survival rates.

Flavonoid constituents of Amomum tsao-ko Crevost et Lemarie and its antioxidant, antidiabetic effects in diabetic rats–in vitro and in vivo studies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaofeng Zhang ◽  
Yujun Tang ◽  
Xiaoxian Guan ◽  
Xin Lu ◽  
Jiao Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Antidiabetic Effects

Amomum tsao-ko Crevost et Lemarie (A. tsao-ko) is a well-known dietary spice and traditional Chinese medicine. This study aimed to identify the flavonoids in A. tsao-ko and evaluate its antioxidant...

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