Lung Cancer Diagnosed More Than Five Years after the Development of Polymyositis/Dermatomyositis

Background. The patients with polymyositis (PM) and dermatomyositis (DM) often develop the malignancies in their clinical course. The incidence of cancer is estimated at about 15%. The risk of cancer is the highest within the first year of myositis diagnosis and drops substantially thereafter. The patients with lung cancer diagnosed more than 5 years after the onset of PM or DM are the minority. Methods and Patients. We surveyed the medical records of patients with lung cancer over the period from 1995 to 2011. Results. We found five patients who developed lung cancer more than 5 years after the diagnosis of PM/DM. Three patients were male, and two were female. The median age was 61.2 (±11.7). Histological types were diverse. The clinical stages ranged from IA to IV. Three patients had smoking histories. Four patients suffered from DM, and one suffered from PM. All patients received oral corticosteroid therapy. Two patients also received ciclosporin, and another two received azathioprine. Anti-Jo-1 antibody was positive in one patient. Four patients were complicated with interstitial pneumonia (IP). Conclusion. These lung cancers diagnosed more than 5 years after the onset of PM/DM were probably related to IP or smoking but might not be comorbid with PM/DM.

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O7C.5 Assessing the impact of intervention on future lung cancer burden among construction workers

Occupational and Environmental Medicine ◽

10.1136/oem-2019-epi.176 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 76 (Suppl 1) ◽

pp. A65.3-A66

Author(s):

Chaojie Song ◽

Kate Jardine ◽

Victoria Arrandale ◽

Young Jung ◽

Amir Mofidi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Labour Force ◽

Cost Benefit ◽

Economic Assessment ◽

Construction Workers ◽

Annual Number ◽

Lung Cancers ◽

Cancer Burden ◽

Risk Of Cancer ◽

The Impact

Background and objectivesConstruction workers are exposed to several carcinogens at work. Implementing intervention methods may reduce workers’ exposure, which should subsequently reduce the number of cancer cases attributable to the exposure. The current study estimates the future lung cancer burden due to respirable crystalline silica (RCS) exposure among Ontario construction workers, and assesses the impact of implementing interventions on this burden.MethodsThe annual number of new cancer cases attributable to RCS was estimated from 2030 to 2060 using Levin’s equation based on the prevalence of exposure (PrE) and the risk of cancer (RR) associated with RCS exposure. The RR was selected from a review of the epidemiologic literature. The PrE was estimated using CAREX Canada’s estimates of prevalence and level of exposure, combined with historical and projected employment data, labour force characteristics, and survival probabilities. The intervention methods (personal protective equipment, wet cutting) were assumed to be fully implemented from 2020, and incorporated into the model by adjusting prevalence and level of exposure downwards.ResultsWe estimated that without intervention, 107 lung cancers would be attributable to RCS exposure in Ontario construction workers in 2030.This number increased to 181 in 2060. If intervention methods were applied, the reduction in the attributable cases became evident from 2040 onward, with a maximum reduction of 51 cancers in 2060. Overall, 481 cancers would be prevented between 2030 and 2060, which is 11% of the total cases if the interventions were not implemented.ConclusionsFuture work-related cancers can be prevented by reducing workers’ exposure. Combining the economic assessment of both the cancer burden and the costs of implementing exposure controls will help to assess the cost-benefit of different intervention methods, which can be used to direct intervention strategies in construction workplace.

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Effectiveness of S-1 Monotherapy for Non-small-cell Lung Cancer Associated with Interstitial Pneumonia

Haigan ◽

10.2482/haigan.57.184 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 57 (3) ◽

pp. 184-189

Author(s):

Takahiro Yoshizawa ◽

Kazutoshi Isobe ◽

Kyohei Kaburaki ◽

Hiroshi Kobayashi ◽

Go Sano ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽

Interstitial Pneumonia ◽

Cell Lung Cancer ◽

Small Cell ◽

Small Cell Lung

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Enhancing 18F-FDG-PET/CT analysis in lung cancer patients

Nuklearmedizin ◽

10.3413/nukmed-0763-15-08 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 54 (06) ◽

pp. 247-254 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

A. Kapfhammer ◽

T. Winkens ◽

T. Lesser ◽

A. Reissig ◽

M. Steinert ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Image Fusion ◽

Chest Wall ◽

Fdg Pet ◽

Ct Image ◽

Lung Cancers ◽

Pet Ct ◽

Peripheral Lung ◽

Fdg Pet Ct ◽

Tumour Infiltration

SummaryAim: To retrospectively evaluate the feasibility and value of CT-CT image fusion to assess the shift of peripheral lung cancers with/-out chest wall infiltration, comparing computed tomography acquisitions in shallow-breathing (SB-CT) and deep-inspiration breath-hold (DIBH-CT) in patients undergoing FDG-PET/ CT for lung cancer staging. Methods: Image fusion of SB-CT and DIBH-CT was performed with a multimodal workstation used for nuclear medicine fusion imaging. The distance of intrathoracic landmarks and the positional shift of tumours were measured using semitransparent overlay of both CT series. Statistical analyses were adjusted for confounders of tumour infiltration. Cutoff levels were calculated for prediction of no-/infiltration. Results: Lateral pleural recessus and diaphragm showed the largest respiratory excursions. Infiltrating lung cancers showed more limited respiratory shifts than non-infiltrating tumours. A large respiratory tumour-motility accurately predicted non-infiltration. However, the tumour shifts were limited and variable, limiting the accuracy of prediction. Conclusion: This pilot fusion study proved feasible and allowed a simple analysis of the respiratory shifts of peripheral lung tumours using CT-CT image fusion in a PET/CT setting. The calculated cutoffs were useful in predicting the exclusion of chest wall infiltration but did not accurately predict tumour infiltration. This method can provide additional qualitative information in patients with lung cancers with contact to the chest wall but unclear CT evidence of infiltration undergoing PET/CT without the need of additional investigations. Considering the small sample size investigated, further studies are necessary to verify the obtained results.

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STEREOTACTIC HYPO-FRACTIONAL RADIOTHERAPY OF PATIENTS WITH LUNG CANCER I-IIA CLINICAL STAGE: THE ROLE OF SUVMAX ASSESSMENT IN 18F-FDG PET/CT FOR MONITORING TREATMENT OUTCOMES

Problems in oncology ◽

10.37469/0507-3758-2017-63-4-632-638 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 63 (4) ◽

pp. 632-638

Author(s):

Tatyana Borisova ◽

Arif Allakhverdiev ◽

Yuriy Gerasimov ◽

Nadezhda Meshcheryakova ◽

Mikhail Dolgushin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Treatment Effectiveness ◽

Clinical Stage ◽

First Year ◽

Pet Ct ◽

History Of ◽

Single Factor Analysis ◽

Fdg Pet Ct ◽

Second Tumor ◽

Monitoring Treatment

Material and methods: Since 2014, 33 patients with lung cancer of clinical stage I-IIa (cT1N0M0 - 12 patients, with T2N0M0 - 21 patients) have undergone SRT. Verification of tumor process was obtained in 30 patients. A third of patients (n = 10) had a history of metachronic primary-multiple tumors and 31 patients had peripheral lung cancer. The used variants of SRT fractionation were as followed: 10Gr x 5 fractions (n = 22) and 7Gr x 8 fractions (n = 11) - BED 100Gy. Results: With a median follow-up of 21 months (range 3-37 months), 4 patients (12 %) within the first year had a loco-regional and distant progression, of which two died. During the year one patient died from complications of treatment, one - from the progression of the second tumor. One- and two-year local control was 94 %. Overall and disease-free 2-year survival was 84 % (95 % CI, 70 - 99) and 83.2 % (95 % CI, 70.5 - 99), respectively. Single-factor analysis revealed a significant effect on the overall survival of the fractionation regimen (p = 0.04). The effect of the baseline SUVmax tended to be reliable (p = 0.07). Conclusions: In order to implement the principles of risk-adaptive radiation therapy it is necessary to consider the initial SUVmax of tumor as one of potential predictive and predicative markers of treatment effectiveness.

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Drug Combinatorial Therapies for the Treatment of KRAS Mutated Lung Cancers

Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry ◽

10.2174/1568026619666190902150555 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (23) ◽

pp. 2128-2142 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Hao He ◽

Chang Xu ◽

Zhao Cheng ◽

Xiaoying Qian ◽

Lei Zheng

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Adjuvant Therapy ◽

Combination Therapy ◽

Clinical Benefit ◽

Poor Prognosis ◽

Egfr Mutations ◽

Kras Mutations ◽

Lung Cancers ◽

Egfr Tki ◽

Egfr Tkis

: KRAS is the most common oncogene to be mutated in lung cancer, and therapeutics directly targeting KRAS have proven to be challenging. The mutations of KRAS are associated with poor prognosis, and resistance to both adjuvant therapy and targeted EGFR TKI. EGFR TKIs provide significant clinical benefit for patients whose tumors bear EGFR mutations. However, tumors with KRAS mutations rarely respond to the EGFR TKI therapy. Thus, combination therapy is essential for the treatment of lung cancers with KRAS mutations. EGFR TKI combined with inhibitors of MAPKs, PI3K/mTOR, HDAC, Wee1, PARP, CDK and Hsp90, even miRNAs and immunotherapy, were reviewed. Although the effects of the combination vary, the combined therapeutics are one of the best options at present to treat KRAS mutant lung cancer.

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Exhaustive Review on Lung Cancers: Novel Technologies

Current Medical Imaging Formerly Current Medical Imaging Reviews ◽

10.2174/1573405615666181128124528 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 15 (9) ◽

pp. 873-883

Author(s):

Sajad Khan ◽

Shahid Ali ◽

Muhammad

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽

Cell Lung Cancer ◽

Immune Therapy ◽

Small Cell ◽

X Rays ◽

Small Cell Lung ◽

Microscopic Appearance ◽

Lung Cancers ◽

Novel Technologies

Background:Lung cancers or (Bronchogenic-Carcinomas) are the disease in certain parts of the lungs in which irresistible multiplication of abnormal cells leads to the inception of a tumor. Lung cancers consisting of two substantial forms based on the microscopic appearance of tumor cells are: Non-Small-Cell-Lung-Cancer (NSCLC) (80 to 85%) and Small-Cell-Lung-Cancer (SCLC) (15 to 20%).Discussion:Lung cancers are existing luxuriantly across the globe and the most prominent cause of death in advanced countries (USA & UK). There are many causes of lung cancers in which the utmost imperative aspect is the cigarette smoking. During the early stage, there is no perspicuous sign/symptoms but later many symptoms emerge in the infected individual such as insomnia, headache, pain, loss of appetite, fatigue, coughing etc. Lung cancers can be diagnosed in many ways, such as history, physical examination, chest X-rays and biopsy. However, after the diagnosis and confirmation of lung carcinoma, various treatment approaches are existing for curing of cancer in different stages such as surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and immune therapy. Currently, novel techniques merged that revealed advancements in detection and curing of lung cancer in which mainly includes: microarray analysis, gene expression profiling.Conclusion:Consequently, the purpose of the current analysis is to specify and epitomize the novel literature pertaining to the development of cancerous cells in different parts of the lung, various preeminent approaches of prevention, efficient diagnostic procedure, and treatments along with novel technologies for inhibition of cancerous cell growth in advance stages.

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Role of Omentin in Obesity Paradox in Lung Cancer

Cancers ◽

10.3390/cancers13020275 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 275

Author(s):

Sheetal Parida ◽

Sumit Siddharth ◽

Dipali Sharma

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Obesity Paradox ◽

Health Concern ◽

Case Control Studies ◽

Aberrant Expression ◽

Lung Cancers ◽

Lung Cancer Patients ◽

Significant Enrichment ◽

Normal Lungs ◽

Related Mortality

Lung cancer remains the second-most-common cancer worldwide and is associated with the highest number of cancer-related mortality. While tobacco smoking is the most important risk factor for lung cancer, many other lifestyles and occupational factors significantly contribute. Obesity is a growing global health concern and contributes to ~30% cancer-related mortality, but unlike other lifestyle diseases, lung cancer is negatively associated with obesity. We meta-analyzed multiple case-control studies confirming increased survival and better outcomes in overweight and obese lung cancer patients. Tumor heterogeneity analysis showed significant enrichment of adipocytes and preadipocytes in normal lungs compared to lung cancers. Interestingly, one of the understudied adipokine, omentin, was significantly and consistently lower in lung neoplasms compared to normal lungs. Omentin has been examined in relation to osteoarthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, chronic liver disease, psoriasis and some other cancers. Aberrant expression of omentin has been reported in solid tumors; however, little is known about its role in lung cancer. We found omentin to be consistently downregulated in lung cancers, and it exhibited a negative correlation with important transcription factors FOXA1, EN1, FOXC1 and ELK4. We, therefore, suggest that omentin may serve as a prognostic factor in lung cancer and explain the “obesity paradox” in lung cancer.

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Drug Tolerance to EGFR Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Lung Cancers with EGFR Mutations

Cells ◽

10.3390/cells10071590 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (7) ◽

pp. 1590

Author(s):

Kenichi Suda ◽

Tetsuya Mitsudomi

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Tyrosine Kinase ◽

Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Kinase Inhibitors ◽

Drug Tolerance ◽

Lung Cancers ◽

Egfr Tyrosine Kinase ◽

Egfr Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors ◽

Egfr Mutated

Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) serve as the standard of care for the first-line treatment of patients with lung cancers with EGFR-activating mutations. However, the acquisition of resistance to EGFR TKIs is almost inevitable, with extremely rare exceptions, and drug-tolerant cells (DTCs) that demonstrate reversible drug insensitivity and that survive the early phase of TKI exposure are hypothesized to be an important source of cancer cells that eventually acquire irreversible resistance. Numerous studies on the molecular mechanisms of drug tolerance of EGFR-mutated lung cancers employ lung cancer cell lines as models. Here, we reviewed these studies to generally describe the features, potential origins, and candidate molecular mechanisms of DTCs. The rapid development of an optimal treatment for EGFR-mutated lung cancer will require a better understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms of the drug insensitivity of DTCs.

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The Role of Surgery in Lung Cancer Treatment: Present Indications and Future Perspectives—State of the Art

Cancers ◽

10.3390/cancers13153711 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (15) ◽

pp. 3711

Author(s):

François Montagne ◽

Florian Guisier ◽

Nicolas Venissac ◽

Jean-Marc Baste

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Residual Disease ◽

State Of The Art ◽

Locally Advanced ◽

Small Cell Lung ◽

Lung Cancers ◽

Screening Programs ◽

Systemic Therapies

Non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC) are different today, due to the increased use of screening programs and of innovative systemic therapies, leading to the diagnosis of earlier and pre-invasive tumors, and of more advanced and controlled metastatic tumors. Surgery for NSCLC remains the cornerstone treatment when it can be performed. The role of surgery and surgeons has also evolved because surgeons not only perform the initial curative lung cancer resection but they also accompany and follow-up patients from pre-operative rehabilitation, to treatment for recurrences. Surgery is personalized, according to cancer characteristics, including cancer extensions, from pre-invasive and local tumors to locally advanced, metastatic disease, or residual disease after medical treatment, anticipating recurrences, and patients’ characteristics. Surgical management is constantly evolving to offer the best oncologic resection adapted to each NSCLC stage. Today, NSCLC can be considered as a chronic disease and surgery is a valuable tool for the diagnosis and treatment of recurrences, and in palliative conditions to relieve dyspnea and improve patients’ comfort.

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Prognostic values, ceRNA network, and immune regulation function of SDPR in KRAS-mutant lung cancer

Cancer Cell International ◽

10.1186/s12935-021-01756-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Xiaoqing Luo ◽

Shunli Peng ◽

Sijie Ding ◽

Qin Zeng ◽

Rong Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Immune Checkpoint ◽

Cox Regression ◽

Tissue Array ◽

Lung Cancers ◽

Cox Regression Analysis ◽

Immune Checkpoint Molecules ◽

Cerna Network ◽

Kaplan Meier ◽

Infiltration Models

Abstract Background Serum Deprivation Protein Response (SDPR) plays an important role in formation of pulmonary alveoli. However, the functions and values of SDPR in lung cancer remain unknown. We explored prognostic value, expression pattern, and biological function of SDPR in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and KRAS-mutant lung cancers. Methods SDPR expression was evaluated by quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR), immunohistochemistry (IHC), and Western blot on human NSCLC cells, lung adenocarcinoma tissue array, KRAS-mutant transgenic mice, TCGA and GEO datasets. Prognostic values of SDPR were evaluated by Kaplan–Meier and Cox regression analysis. Bioinformatics implications of SDPR including SDPR-combined transcription factors (TFs) and microRNAs were predicted. In addition, correlations between SDPR, immune checkpoint molecules, and tumor infiltration models were illustrated. Results SDPR expression was downregulated in tumor cells and tissues. Low SDPR expression was an independent factor that correlated with shorter overall survival of patients both in lung cancer and KRAS-mutant subgroups. Meanwhile, ceRNA network was constructed to clarify the regulatory and biological functions of SDPR. Negative correlations were found between SDPR and immune checkpoint molecules (PD-L1, TNFRSF18, TNFRSF9, and TDO2). Moreover, diversity immune infiltration models were observed in NSCLC with different SDPR expression and copy number variation (CNV) patterns. Conclusions This study elucidated regulation network of SDPR in KRAS-mutant NSCLC, and it illustrated correlations between low SDPR expression and suppressed immune system, unfolding a prognostic factor and potential target for the treatment of lung cancer, especially for KRAS-mutant NSCLC.

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