scholarly journals Is Human Papillomavirus Associated with Prostate Cancer Survival?

2013 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 607-613 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariarosa Pascale ◽  
Danae Pracella ◽  
Renzo Barbazza ◽  
Barbara Marongiu ◽  
Enrico Roggero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Dna Analysis ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Prognostic Impact ◽  
Prostate Carcinogenesis ◽  
Hpv Status ◽  
Increased Risk

The role of human papillomavirus (HPV) in prostate carcinogenesis is highly controversial: some studies suggest a positive association between HPV infection and an increased risk of prostate cancer (PCa), whereas others do not reveal any correlation. In this study, we investigated the prognostic impact of HPV infection on survival in 150 primary PCa patients. One hundred twelve (74.67%) patients had positive expression of HPV E7 protein, which was evaluated in tumour tissue by immunohistochemistry. DNA analysis on a subset of cases confirmed HPV infection and revealed the presence of genotype 16. In Kaplan-Meier analysis, HPV-positive cancer patients showed worse overall survival (OS) (median 4.59 years) compared to HPV-negative (median 8.24 years,P=0.0381). In multivariate analysis age (P<0.001), Gleason score (P<0.001), nuclear grading (P=0.002), and HPV status (P=0.034) were independent prognostic factors for OS. In our cohort, we observed high prevalence of HPV nuclear E7 oncoprotein and an association between HPV infection and PCa survival. In the debate about the oncogenic activity of HPV in PCa, our results further confirm the need for additional studies to clarify the possible role of HPV in prostate carcinogenesis.

scholarly journals The Potential Role of Human Papillomavirus Infection in Bell's Palsy: A Hypothesis-Generating Study Based on a Nationwide Cohort

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuan-Ying Li ◽  
Mei-Chia Chou ◽  
Renin Chang ◽  
Hei-Tung Yip ◽  
Yao-Min Hung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Index Date ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Bell’S Palsy ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Bell's Palsy ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Impact

Objective: Our purpose was to investigate whether people with a previous human papillomavirus (HPV) infection were associated with an increased risk of Bell's palsy (BP).Methods: By using Taiwan population-based data, patients aged &gt; 18 years with HPV infection (n = 22,260) from 2000 to 2012 were enrolled and compared with control subjects who had never been diagnosed with an HPV infection at a 1:4 ratio matched by sex, age, index date, and co-morbidities (n = 89,040). The index date was the first date of HPV diagnosis. All the patients were tracked until the occurrence of BP. Cox proportional hazards regression was applied to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) for the development of BP in both groups.Results: The HPV group had 1.25 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.03–1.51] times higher risk of BP compared with the non-HPV group after adjusting for sex, age, and co-morbidities. The association of HPV and BP was significant in the sensitivity analyses. In the subgroup analysis, the impact of HPV infection on the risk of BP was more pronounced in the elderly &gt; 50 years [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) =1.86; 95% CI = 1.37–2.52], hypertension (aHR = 1.65; 95% CI = 1.17–2.31), and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (aHR = 2.14, 95% CI 1.333.43) subgroups.Conclusions: Patients with HPV infection have a higher risk of subsequent BP compared with non-HPV patients. More rigorous studies are needed to confirm if and how specific HPV genotypes are associated with BP and the possible role of vaccines in disease prevention.

scholarly journals Is stress related to the presence and persistence of oncogenic human papillomavirus infection in young women?

BMC Cancer ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrike Kuebler ◽  
Susanne Fischer ◽  
Laura Mernone ◽  
Christian Breymann ◽  
Elvira Abbruzzese ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Chronic Stress ◽  
Salivary Cortisol ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Cortisol Awakening Response ◽  
Diurnal Cortisol ◽  
Papillomavirus Infection ◽  
Hpv Status

Abstract Background Persistent infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) is the most important risk factor for the development of cervical cancer, but factors contributing to HR-HPV persistence are incompletely understood. The objective of this study was to test for associations of chronic stress and two aspects of diurnal cortisol secretion (i.e., the cortisol awakening response [CAR] and total cortisol output over the day [AUCgday]) with HR-HPV status at baseline and 12 months later (follow-up). Methods We evaluated 188 women (25 ± 3 years) at baseline. Follow-up investigation was restricted to HR-HPV infected women at baseline. Of the initial 48 HR-HPV positive participants, 42 completed the follow-up (16 HR-HPV positive and 26 HR-HPV negative). At baseline and follow-up, we determined HR-HPV status in cervical smears, assessed chronic stress, and repeatedly measured salivary cortisol over the day. At baseline, we analyzed salivary cortisol only in a subgroup of 90 participants (45 HR-HPV negative and 45 HR-HPV positive). Results At baseline, higher chronic stress (excessive demands at work: p = .022, chronic worrying: p = .032), and a higher CAR (p = .014) were related to baseline HR-HPV positivity. At follow-up, there was a statistical trend for a positive association between the CAR and HR-HPV positivity (p = .062). Neither the CAR nor the AUCgday mediated the associations between chronic stress and HR-HPV status. Conclusions Our findings suggest that both chronic stress and diurnal cortisol are related to the presence of HR-HPV infection and may thus play a role in HPV-associated cervical carcinogenesis.

scholarly journals Prognostic Impact of Human Papillomavirus Infection on Cervical Dysplasia, Cancer, and Patient Survival in Saudi Arabia: A 10-Year Retrospective Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
F.S. Alhamlan ◽  
D.A. Obeid ◽  
H.H. Khayat ◽  
A.M. Tulbah ◽  
I.A. Al-Badawi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Viral Load ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Prognostic Impact ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Hpv Status

AbstractCervical cancer is caused by persistent human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. However, HPV prevalence data and survival rates among HPV-infected women are scare in Saudi Arabia. This study assessed the prevalence of HPV genotypes in a 10 year time-frame. Cervical biopsy specimens underwent HPV detection, HPV viral load using qPCR, HPV genotyping, p16INK4a expression measurement using immunohistochemistry. Kaplan-Meier plots were constructed to analyze overall survival rates. Of the 316 cervical specimens examined, HPV was detected in 96 (30.4%); 37.3% had cervical cancer; 14.2% cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) III, 4.1% CIN II, and 17.0% CIN I. A significant association was found between HPV-16 viral load and disease progression (P < .001, Mann-Whitney U) and between HPV presence and cervical cancer (χ2, 56.78; P < .001). The expression of p16INK4a was a significant predictor of survival: women who had p16INK4a overexpression had poorer survival rates (multivariate Cox regression, hazard ratio, 3.2; 95% CI, 1.1-8.8). In addition, multivariate models with HPV status and cervical cancer diagnosis showed that HPV status was a significant predictor of survival: HPV-positive women had better survival rates than HPV-negative women (haza. These findings suggest that implementing cervical cancer and HPV screening programs may decrease cervical cancer rates and improve survival rates of women in Saudi Arabia.

scholarly journals Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Infection As an Emerging Risk Factor in Prostate Cancer

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement 2) ◽  
pp. 24s-24s
Author(s):  
N. Singh ◽  
A. Josefsson ◽  
S. Hussain ◽  
J. Hugosson
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infection ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Clinical Staging ◽  
Clinicopathological Parameters ◽  
Prognostic Impact ◽  
Preoperative Radiation ◽  
Transmitted Infection ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Prostate Carcinogenesis

Background: Epidemiologic investigations confirm that prostate tissue is prone to sexually transmitted infection and human papilloma virus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection. Owing to the controversy on the role of HPV infection in prostate carcinogenesis, it is appropriate to determine and validate the prevalence of HPV infection in a controlled prospective study, and its role in prostate carcinogenesis. It is crucial to investigate the prognostic impact of HPV infection in prostate cancer from a clinical point of view. Aim: The overall aim of our research is to address the possibility of using therapeutic interventions against HPV infection in young boys to prevent the development of prostate cancer in their older age. Establishment of clinical importance of HPV infection in prostate cancer and its prognostic impact for overall survival. Methods: The prostate cancer tissue specimens were obtained from Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Sahlgrenska Academy (SA), Gothenburg, Sweden. The exclusion criteria included patients undergoing any preoperative radiation or chemotherapy. Only histopathologically confirmed cases were processed for DNA, protein and RNA extraction. Histopathological grades and clinical staging was evaluated by pathologists using the Gleason scoring system for prostate cancer. The study is approved by the ethics committee of the institute. High molecular-weight genomic DNA was isolated from tumor/control tissue samples and were subjected to PCR genotyping for detection of the viral DNA. Cases and controls was compared using univariate methods. An independent t-test was performed for the comparison of clinicopathological parameters. Results: The pilot study identified HPV infection in advanced grade of prostate cancer cases in Sweden. HPV infection was identified in 57% of the prostate cancer cases with advanced pathologic grade in Swedish men compared with 11% in the normal controls. The investigation comprised of detailed analysis of the correlation between the clinical parameters and HPV genotyping. Conclusion: The research investigation substantiates the clinical significance of HPV infection in prostate carcinogenesis that has been underestimated till date. The research investigation was funded by Swedish Research Council (Vetenskaprådet) Grant no. 2015-06705.

scholarly journals HLA-G Polymorphism Impacts the Outcome of Oral HPV Infections in Women

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Julia Jaakola ◽  
Michel Roger ◽  
Marie-Claude Faucher ◽  
Kari Syrjänen ◽  
Seija Grénman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Leukocyte ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Single Type ◽  
Direct Dna Sequencing ◽  
Leukocyte Antigen ◽  
Hpv Status ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
History Of ◽  
Oral Hpv

Abstract Purpose: Human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-G may have an important role in the natural history of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Our aim was to evaluate the role of HLA-G in the outcome of genital and oral HPV infections in women. Methods: Analyses included 306 women from the Finnish Family HPV-study and were followed-up for six years. Genital and oral samples were tested for 24 different HPV types with multiplex HPV genotyping. HLA-G alleles were determined through direct DNA-sequencing. Unconditional logistic regression was used to determine the associations between HLA-G genotypes and HPV infection outcomes.Results: Nine HLA-G alleles were identified. Most common HLA-G genotypes were the wild type G*01:01:01/01:01:01 (31.3%) followed by G*01:01:01/01:01:02 (26.8%). G*01:01:01/01:01:01 genotype was associated with increased risk of oral HPV infections by any HPV type or single-type with OR=1.86 (95% CI 1.14-3.04) and 2.22 (95% CI 1.14 - 3.71), respectively. G*04:01+ allele and the G*01:01:01/01:04:01 genotype both protected from any and single oral HPV infections; OR=0.46 (95% CI 0.23-0.89) and 0.53 (95% CI 0.23-0.97), respectively. G*01:01:02/01:04:01 genotype increased significantly the risk of infertility and its treatments, with respective OR= 5.06 (95% CI 1.22-21.02) and OR=9.07 (95% CI 1.22-39.50). Both HLA-G alleles and genotypes showed several significant associations with the outcomes of oral HPV infections, but none of them had any impact on the outcomes of genital HPV infections in these women. Conclusion: The host HLA-G genotypes appear to impact the outcomes of oral HPV infections in women but have little if any effect on genital HPV status or infection outcomes.

Presence of human papillomavirus DNA in breast cancer patients: SERUM and tissue analysis.

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e12582-e12582
Author(s):  
Sara Ravaioli ◽  
Andrea Rocca ◽  
Francesca Pirini ◽  
Serena De Matteis ◽  
Francesca Fanini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Pap Smear ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Hpv Dna ◽  
Viral Spread ◽  
Increased Risk

e12582 Background: It has been demonstrated an increased risk of breast cancer (BC) incidence in patients with previous cervical dysplasia, suggesting a role of human papillomavirus (HPV) of cervical lesions in the development of BC. Although, the origin of HPV spreading to the mammary gland and its mechanism of dissemination is not clear. Methods: Seven serum samples from healthy donors and 58 from early BC patients collected pre-surgery were analyzed for the presence of HPV DNA. For 49/58 patients HPV DNA was analyzed also on the primary tumor tissue. 17 patients had luminal A BC (4 relapsed, 13 non relapsed), 16 had luminal B BC (5 relapsed, 11 non relapsed), 13 had triple-negative BC (6 relapsed, 7 non relapsed), 12 had HER2-positive BC (4 relapsed, 8 non relapsed). Circulating DNA was extracted from 500 μl of serum by Qiamp DNA Mini kit (Qiagen, Milan, Italy) and tumor DNA was extracted from at least four 10-micron sections by QIAamp DNA FFPE Tissue Kit (Qiagen, Milan, Italy). Circulating HPV DNA was amplified by a multiplex PCR with HPV E6 or E7 gene-specific primers and the sequence was assessed by a high-throughput MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry-based method. Results: HPV DNA was detected in only 5 serum of BC patients and in none of the healthy controls. 4/5 BC cases had high-risk HPV DNA (type 39,45,52,59) and 1 had type 73 low-risk HPV DNA. 4/5 HPV DNA-positive patients had previously low-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN I) detected by Pap smear. These 5 patients with circulating HPV DNA did not show HPV positivity in the BC tissue. 2 out of 49 cases were positive for universal HPV DNA sequence in tissue and only 1 case showed HPV type 51. No relation was found between HPV infection and tumor subtype or prognosis, neither for HPV DNA positivity between serum and tissue. Conclusions: Our data support the feasibility of HPV DNA detection by liquid biopsy in BC. The presence of circulating HPV could be due to a viral spread from other organs. More data are needed to establish the role of circulating HPV DNA and its potential association with HPV infection of the breast and/or of the cervix. [Table: see text]

Association of Human Papillomavirus with Prostate Cancer: Analysis of a Consecutive Series of Prostate Biopsies

2004 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 257-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Carozzi ◽  
F.C. Lombardi ◽  
P. Zendron ◽  
M. Confortini ◽  
C. Sani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Sexual Transmission ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Consecutive Series ◽  
Hpv Dna ◽  
Prostate Biopsies ◽  
High Risk Hpv

The study purpose was to investigate the association of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection with prostate cancer. The presence and type of HPV DNA were investigated by polymerase chain reaction in the preservation fluid of 60 consecutive prostate core biopsies (29 benign, 31 malignant). The material was inadequate (no DNA found at β-globin testing) in four benign and five cancer biopsies. HPV DNA was found in 17 of 26 (65.3%) cancer and 12 of 25 (48.0%) benign biopsies (χ2 = 0.94, p = 0.33). High-risk HPV type positivity was observed in 14 of 26 (53.8%) cancer and in five of 25 (20.0%) benign biopsies (χ2 = 4.38, p = 0.03). Twenty-three of 29 cases were positive at L1 region testing with MY09/11 primers; testing with primers directed to the E6/E7 region revealed six further HPV-positive cases (four cancer, two benign). The presence of HPV in prostate tissue suggests a possible reservoir for sexual transmission of types with oncogenic potential. Our findings also suggest a possible role of high-risk HPV infection in the etiology of prostate cancer and encourage further research into this issue.

scholarly journals Prognostic Role of p16/HPV in Non-oropharyngeal Head and Neck Squamous Cell Cancer (HNSCC)

2021 ◽  
pp. 181-192
Author(s):  
Stavros Gkolfinopoulos ◽  
Panagiota Economopoulou ◽  
Amanda Psyrri
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Cell Cancer ◽  
Prognostic Significance ◽  
Surrogate Marker ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Prognostic Impact ◽  
Prognostic Role ◽  
Hpv Status

AbstractTranscriptionally active HPV infection is recognized as a prognostic factor in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Also, p16 positivity has been established as an effective surrogate biomarker for HPV and shares its prognostic significance in cancer of the oropharynx. Less clear is the prognostic role of p16/HPV status in non-oropharyngeal head and neck cancers since relevant studies have produced conflicting results. The existing evidence suggests that p16 is a poor surrogate marker for HPV infection in non-oropharyngeal cancers, while the prognostic impact of HPV positivity is reserved for the oropharynx. Consequently, routine HPV testing is not recommended for disease sites of the head and neck outside oropharynx.

scholarly journals CHEK2∗1100delC Mutation and Risk of Prostate Cancer

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria Hale ◽  
Maren Weischer ◽  
Jong Y. Park
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Prostate Cancer Screening ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Prostate Cancer Risk ◽  
Conclusive Evidence ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
History Of ◽  
Cancer Studies

Although the causes of prostate cancer are largely unknown, previous studies support the role of genetic factors in the development of prostate cancer.CHEK2plays a critical role in DNA replication by responding to double-stranded breaks. In this review, we provide an overview of the current knowledge of the role of a genetic variant, 1100delC, ofCHEK2on prostate cancer risk and discuss the implication for potential translation of this knowledge into clinical practice. Currently, twelve articles that discussedCHEK2∗1100delC and its association with prostate cancer were identified. Of the twelve prostate cancer studies, five studies had independent data to draw conclusive evidence from. The pooled results of OR and 95% CI were 1.98 (1.23–3.18) for unselected cases and 3.39 (1.78–6.47) for familial cases, indicating thatCHEK2∗1100delC mutation is associated with increased risk of prostate cancer. Screening for CHEK2∗1100delC should be considered in men with a familial history of prostate cancer.

scholarly journals Human papillomavirus-driven immune deviation: challenge and novel opportunity for immunotherapy

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 69-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sigrun Smola ◽  
Connie Trimble ◽  
Peter L. Stern
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Immune Escape ◽  
Hpv Vaccination ◽  
Suppressor Cells ◽  
Clinical Problem ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Treatment Protocols ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Risk Of Cancer

It is now recognized that the immune system can be a key component of restraint and control during the neoplastic process. Human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated cancers of the anogenital tract and oropharynx represent a significant clinical problem but there is a clear opportunity for immune targeting of the viral oncogene expression that drives cancer development. However, high-risk HPV infection of the target epithelium and the expression of the E6/E7 oncogenes can lead to early compromise of the innate immune system (loss of antigen-presenting cells) facilitating viral persistence and increased risk of cancer. In these circumstances, a succession of interacting and self-reinforcing events mediated through modulation of different immune receptors, chemokine and cytokine responses (CCL20; CCL2; CCR2; IL-6; CCR7; IL-12) further promote the generation of an immune suppressive microenvironment [increased levels of Tregs, Th17, myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and PD-L1]. The overexpression of E6/E7 expression also compromises the ability to repair cellular DNA, leading to genomic instability, with the acquisition of genetic changes providing for the selection of advantaged cancer cells including additional strategies for immune escape. Therapeutic vaccines targeting the HPV oncogenes have shown some encouraging success in some recent early-phase clinical trials tested in patients with HPV-associated high-grade anogenital lesions. A significant hurdle to success in more advanced disease will be the local and systemic immune suppressive factors. Interventions targeting the different immunosuppressive components can provide opportunity to release existing or generate new and effective antitumour immunity. Treatments that alter the protumour inflammatory environment including toll-like receptor stimulation, inhibition of IL-6-related pathways, immune-checkpoint inhibition, direct modulation of MDSCs, Tregs and macrophages could all be useful in combination with therapeutic HPV vaccination. Future progress in delivering successful immunotherapy will depend on the configuration of treatment protocols in an insightful and timely combination.

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