scholarly journals Lipoprotein Ratios as Surrogate Markers for Insulin Resistance in South Indians with Normoglycemic Nondiabetic Acute Coronary Syndrome

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Medha Rajappa ◽  
M. G. Sridhar ◽  
J. Balachander ◽  
K. R. Sethuraman ◽  
Kalai Selvi Rajendiran
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Surrogate Marker ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Serum Lipoprotein ◽  
Surrogate Markers ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
South Indians

Background. Insulin resistance has been associated with dyslipidemia and cardiovascular disease. Even though homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) is a well-known insulin resistance predictor, estimation of serum lipoprotein ratios has been recently suggested as a surrogate marker for insulin resistance. Here, we evaluated the relationship between lipoprotein ratios and insulin resistance in normoglycemic nondiabetic south Indians with acute coronary syndrome. Methods. 100 normoglycemic nondiabetic ACS patients and 140 controls were enrolled in the study. Levels of fasting glucose, fasting insulin, and lipid profile [total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C)], lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] levels were measured and lipoprotein ratios were computed. HOMA-IR was used to calculate the insulin resistance. Receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC) analysis was used to compare the power of these lipoprotein ratios to predict insulin resistance. Results. Lipoprotein ratios were significantly higher in normoglycemic nondiabetic ACS patients, as compared to healthy controls, and were significantly correlated with HOMA-IR by Spearman's rank correlation analysis. ROC curve showed that Lp(a)/HDL-C and TG/HDL-C ratios were the best surrogate predictors of insulin resistance in normoglycemic nondiabetic ACS. Conclusion. This study demonstrates that serum lipoprotein ratios significantly correlate with insulin resistance in normoglycemic nondiabetic ACS. Lp(a)/HDL-C and TG/HDL-C ratios could be used as surrogate markers of insulin resistance in atherosclerosis-prone south Indians with normoglycemic nondiabetic ACS.

scholarly journals Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance and Survival in Patients With Diabetes and Acute Coronary Syndrome

2018 ◽  
Vol 103 (7) ◽  
pp. 2522-2533 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara E Stähli ◽  
Anna Nozza ◽  
Ilse C Schrieks ◽  
John B Buse ◽  
Klas Malmberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Homeostasis Model Assessment ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Coronary Syndrome

Abstract Objective Insulin resistance has been linked to development and progression of atherosclerosis and is present in most patients with type 2 diabetes. Whether the degree of insulin resistance predicts adverse outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes and acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is uncertain. Design The Effect of Aleglitazar on Cardiovascular Outcomes after Acute Coronary Syndrome in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus trial compared the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α/γ agonist aleglitazar with placebo in patients with type 2 diabetes and recent ACS. In participants not treated with insulin, we determined whether baseline homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR; n = 4303) or the change in HOMA-IR on assigned study treatment (n = 3568) was related to the risk of death or major adverse cardiovascular events (cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, and stroke) in unadjusted and adjusted models. Because an inverse association of HOMA-IR with N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) has been described, we specifically examined effects of adjustment for the latter. Results In unadjusted analysis, twofold higher baseline HOMA-IR was associated with lower risk of death [hazard ratio (HR): 0.79, 95% CI: 0.68 to 0.91, P = 0.002]. Adjustment for 24 standard demographic and clinical variables had minimal effect on this association. However, after further adjustment for NT-proBNP, the association of HOMA-IR with death was no longer present (adjusted HR: 0.99, 95% CI: 0.83 to 1.19, P = 0.94). Baseline HOMA-IR was not associated with major adverse cardiovascular events, nor was the change in HOMA-IR on study treatment associated with death or major adverse cardiovascular events. Conclusions After accounting for levels of NT-proBNP, insulin resistance assessed by HOMA-IR is not related to the risk of death or major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes and ACS.

Association between the triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and insulin resistance in Korean adolescents: a nationwide population-based study

2016 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jae-Min Park ◽  
Jee-Yon Lee ◽  
Jae June Dong ◽  
Duk-Chul Lee ◽  
Yong-Jae Lee
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Surrogate Marker ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Density ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Cholesterol Ratio ◽  
Korean Adolescents

AbstractBackground:Studies have suggested the triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (TG/HDL-C) as a surrogate marker of insulin resistance. However, few studies have examined the association between TG/HDL-C and insulin resistance in the general adolescent population. This study aimed to examine the association between TG/HDL-C and insulin resistance in a nationally representative sample of Korean adolescents.Methods:A total of 2649 participants aged 12–18 years were selected from the 2007 to 2010 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). Insulin resistance was defined as the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) values greater than the 80th percentile.Results:The mean values of most cardiometabolic variables increased proportionally with TG/HDL-C quartiles. Compared to individuals in the lowest TG/HDL-C quartile, the odds ratio for insulin resistance for individuals in the highest quartile was 2.91 in boys and 2.38 in girls after adjusting for confounding variables.Conclusions:This study suggests that TG/HDL-C could be a convenient marker for identifying Korean adolescents with insulin resistance.

scholarly journals Profile of copper-associated DNA methylation and its association with incident acute coronary syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pinpin Long ◽  
Qiuhong Wang ◽  
Yizhi Zhang ◽  
Xiaoyan Zhu ◽  
Kuai Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Methylation Level ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Regulation Of Gene Expression ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Blood Leukocytes ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Background Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a cardiac emergency with high mortality. Exposure to high copper (Cu) concentration has been linked to ACS. However, whether DNA methylation contributes to the association between Cu and ACS is unclear. Methods We measured methylation level at > 485,000 cytosine-phosphoguanine sites (CpGs) of blood leukocytes using Human Methylation 450 Bead Chip and conducted a genome-wide meta-analysis of plasma Cu in a total of 1243 Chinese individuals. For plasma Cu-related CpGs, we evaluated their associations with the expression of nearby genes as well as major cardiovascular risk factors. Furthermore, we examined their longitudinal associations with incident ACS in the nested case-control study. Results We identified four novel Cu-associated CpGs (cg20995564, cg18608055, cg26470501 and cg05825244) within a 5% false discovery rate (FDR). DNA methylation level of cg18608055, cg26470501, and cg05825244 also showed significant correlations with expressions of SBNO2, BCL3, and EBF4 gene, respectively. Higher DNA methylation level at cg05825244 locus was associated with lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level and higher C-reactive protein level. Furthermore, we demonstrated that higher cg05825244 methylation level was associated with increased risk of ACS (odds ratio [OR], 1.23; 95% CI 1.02–1.48; P = 0.03). Conclusions We identified novel DNA methylation alterations associated with plasma Cu in Chinese populations and linked these loci to risk of ACS, providing new insights into the regulation of gene expression by Cu-related DNA methylation and suggesting a role for DNA methylation in the association between copper and ACS.

scholarly journals Influences of Recreational Tennis-Playing Exercise Time on Cardiometabolic Health Parameters in Healthy Elderly: The ExAMIN AGE Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 1255
Author(s):  
Hsiao-Han Chao ◽  
Yi-Hung Liao ◽  
Chun-Chung Chou
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Ankle Brachial Index ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Cardiometabolic Health ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Healthy Elderly ◽  
Metabolic Biomarkers

Background: Aging and chronic degeneration are the primary threats to cardiometabolic health in elderly populations. Regular appropriate exercise would benefit the advanced aging population. Purpose: This study investigates whether the degree of weekly tennis participation exhibits differences in primary cardiometabolic parameters, including arterial stiffness, inflammation, and metabolic biomarkers in elderly tennis players. Methods: One hundred thirty-five long-term participants in elder tennis (>50 years old) were initially screened. Twenty-six eligible and voluntary subjects were divided into high tennis time group (HT) (14 ± 1.3 h/week) and low tennis time group (LT) (4.5 ± 0.7 h/week) by stratification analysis based on the amount of tennis playing activity time. The brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), blood pressure, ankle-brachial index (ABI), blood metabolic biomarkers, and insulin resistance were measured to compare the difference between HT and LT groups. Results: The baPWV was significantly lower in the HT group than that in the LT group (1283.92 ± 37.01 vs. 1403.69 ± 53.71 cm/s, p < 0.05). We also found that the HT insulin-resistant homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR) was significantly lower than that of LT (1.41 ± 0.11 vs. 2.27 ± 0.48 μIU/mL, p < 0.05). However, the blood lipid biomarkers (glucose, cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglyceride) were not statistical different between HT and LT groups (p > 0.05). Conclusion: We demonstrated that under the condition of similar daily physical activity level, elderly with a higher time of tennis-playing (HT group) exhibited relatively lower arterial stiffness (lower PWV) and lower insulin resistance compared to those with lower time tennis-playing (LT).

Small dense low density lipoprotein as a new novel risk factor for acute coronary syndrome

2011 ◽  
Vol 44 (13) ◽  
pp. S61
Author(s):  
Alavi Maryam Sadat ◽  
Emadzadeh Mahdi Reza ◽  
Ghayour Mobarhan Majid ◽  
Soukhtanloo Mohammad ◽  
Parizadeh Mohammad Reza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
New Novel

scholarly journals Complement Factor C3 Methylation and mRNA Expression Is Associated to BMI and Insulin Resistance in Obesity

Genes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Castellano-Castillo ◽  
Isabel Moreno-Indias ◽  
Jose Carlos Fernandez-Garcia ◽  
Mercedes Clemente-Postigo ◽  
Manuel Castro-Cabezas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Messenger Rna ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Complement Factor ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Obese Class

Epigenetic marks, and especially DNA methylation, are becoming an important factor in obesity, which could help to explain its etiology and associated comorbidities. Adipose tissue, now considered as an important endocrine organ, produces complement system factors. Complement component 3 (C3) turns out to be an important protein in metabolic disorders, via either inflammation or the C3 subproduct acylation stimulating protein (ASP) which directly stimulates lipid storage. In this study, we analyze C3 DNA methylation in adipose tissue from subjects with a different grade of obesity. Adipose tissue samples were collected from subjects with a different degree of obesity determined by their body mass index (BMI) as: Overweight subjects (BMI ≥ 25 and <30), obese class 1/2 subjects (BMI ≥ 30 and <40) and obese class 3 subjects (BMI ≥ 40). C3 DNA methylation was measured for 7 CpGs by pyrosequencition using the Pyromark technology (Qiagen, Madrid Spain). C3 messenger RNA (mRNA) levels were analyzed by pre-designed Taqman assays (Applied biosystems, Foster City, CA, USA) and ASP/C3a was measured using a ELISA kit. The data were analyzed using the statistic package SPSS. C3 DNA methylation levels were lower in the morbid obese group. Accordingly, C3 methylation correlated negatively with BMI and leptin. However, C3 mRNA levels were more associated with insulin resistance, and positive correlations with insulin, glucose and homeostasis model assessment-estimated insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) existed. ASP correlated negatively with high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol. C3 methylation levels were associated to adiposity variables, such as BMI and leptin, while the C3 mRNA levels were associated to glucose metabolism.

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