scholarly journals Electrocardiographic Study in Adult Homozygous Sickle Cell Disease Patients in Lagos, Nigeria

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Adedoyin Dosunmu ◽  
Akinsegun Akinbami ◽  
Ebele Uche ◽  
Adewumi Adediran ◽  
Sarah John-Olabode
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Sickle Cell Anaemia ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
The Body ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Noninvasive Test ◽  
Significant Difference

Background. This study sought to identify the pattern of electrocardiographic changes in steady state adult sickle cell anaemia.Methods.A case-control, cross-sectional study was conducted amongst sickle cell patients attending the sickle cell clinic of Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Ikeja, and HbAA controls. All consenting participants had haemoglobin electrophoresis done and were subjected to electrocardiography (ECG). The descriptive data were given as means ± standard deviation (SD). The differences were considered to be statistically significant when thepvalue obtained was <0.05.Results.A total of ninety-three sickle cell anaemia (SCA) patients and ninety haemoglobin AA (controls) were enrolled. There was no significant difference in the age of the participants with SCA and that of the controls but the body mass index was significantly higher in controls (p=0.0001). Overall, 73.1% (68 of 93) had abnormal ECG while only 2 of 90 (2.2%) of controls had abnormal ECG. The common abnormalities observed were left ventricular hypertrophy, biventricular hypertrophy, and right ventricular hypertrophy.Conclusion.Patients with SCA in steady state tend to have normal heart rate but about 50% of them would have had ECG changes before the age of 20 years. ECG being a noninvasive test may be used to identify patients at risk for early intervention.

Prevalence of ocular abnormalities in relation to sickle cell disease severity among children in South-western, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 112067212095761
Author(s):  
Oluwatoyin I. Oladimeji ◽  
Oluwagbemiga O. Adeodu ◽  
Oluwatoyin H. Onakpoya ◽  
Samuel A. Adegoke
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Sickle Cell Disease ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
The Body ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Teaching Hospitals ◽  
Cell Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ocular Abnormalities

Introduction: Sickle cell disease (SCD) ranks high among genetic disorders worldwide. It is characterised by repeated vaso-occlusion with resultant end-organ damage. This process can occur in all vascular beds in the body, including ocular blood vessels and may cause irreversible blindness in advanced stages. Little is known of the relationship between the prevalence of ocular abnormalities among children with SCD and their disease severity. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out at the Paediatric Haematology Clinics and the Eye Centre of the Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex (OAUTHC), Ile-Ife. Children with SCD in steady state were recruited from the Haematology Clinics and examined for ocular abnormalities at the Eye Centre of the hospital. The subjects SCD severity grade was determined using a previously validated scoring system. Results: One hundred and twenty (120) children aged 5 to 15 years were examined. Of these, 72 had one or more ocular abnormalities giving the prevalence of ocular abnormalities among them to be 60.0%. Though a higher proportion of children with moderate disease, 23 (65.7%) of 35, compared to those with mild disease, 49 (57.6%) of 85 had ocular abnormalities, this difference was not statistically significant, p = 0.412. Conclusion: Ocular abnormalities among Nigerian children with SCD are common even in steady-state, but not significantly associated with disease severity. Periodic screening for ocular abnormalities should thus be done on them irrespective of disease severity.

scholarly journals Ventricular hypertrophy and ischaemic changes in Children with Sickle Cell Anaemia and its relationship with the Haemoglobin Concentration in Steady State

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Charles Ikegwuonu ◽  
Obumneme Ezeanosike ◽  
Chuka Manyike ◽  
Fortune Ujunwa ◽  
Cordis Ikegwuonu
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Sickle Cell Anaemia ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Cardiac Structure ◽  
Cardiac Abnormality ◽  
St Segment ◽  
The Relationship

Objective:  The prevalence and burden of Sickle Cell Anaemia (SCA) in Nigeria are high and they contribute to childhood morbidity and mortality. Chronic anaemia and vaso-occlusion usually involve different organs. The involvement of the heart is a common complication of SCA, thus the need for early detection of cardiac abnormalities in children with SCA. To assess cardiac structure using ECG in children with SCA in steady-state and to determine the relationship between abnormal ECG findings and the participants’ haemoglobin concentration. Material and Method: It was a cross-sectional study done in one of the tertiary hospitals in southeast Nigeria. The study participants were 164 children with SCA in steady state within the ages of 2 -17 years. A 12-lead ECG was carried out on the participants and their haemoglobin concentrations determined. The relationship between the presence of cardiac abnormality and independent variables like haemoglobin concentration, age and gender were analyzed. Result: The prevalence of cardiac abnormality was 59.1%. The commonest cardiac structure abnormality was Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) (39.6%). Abnormality in the P-R interval was seen in 14.6%, while ST segment abnormality was seen in 18.3%. The mean Hb of those with abnormal ECG was lower than that of those without abnormal ECG, across each age group. Severe anaemia was a significant (p< 0.01) predictor of LVH. However, there was no significant association between the degree of anaemia and the occurrence of ST-segment (p: 0.26) and PR interval abnormalities     (p: 0.52). Conclusion:  Cardiac anomalies are common findings in SCA children. 

scholarly journals ADULT SICKLE CELL ANAEMIA PATIENTS IN BONE PAIN CRISIS HAVE ELEVATED PRO-INFLAMMATORY CYTOKINES

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. e2018017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adekunle Emmanuel Alagbe ◽  
John Ayodele Olaniyi ◽  
Oladapo Wale Aworanti
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Bone Pain ◽  
Sickle Cell Anaemia ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Pain Crisis ◽  
State Group

Background and Objective: Inflammatory markers that influence bone pain crisis (BPC) and other complications of sickle cell anaemia (SCA) are numerous and play various roles. This study determined the plasma levels of tumour necrosis factor (TNF) - α, interleukin - 8 (IL-8), and endothelin - 1 (ET-1) in adult SCA patients during BPC and in steady state. In addition, the plasma levels of these cytokines were correlated with the severity of BPC of the patients.Methods and Materials: Sixty adult SCA patients (30 during BPC and 30 during steady state) and 30 haemoglobin A controls were enrolled for this cross-sectional study. The severity of BPC was assessed clinically, and questionnaires were filled. Plasma levels of TNF- α, IL-8 and ET-1 were quantified by ELISA, and haematological parameters were determined using a 5-part auto-analyzer. Plasma levels were correlated with the severity of bone pain crisis. Results were considered statistically significant if p<0.05.Results: Plasma TNF-α, IL-8, and ET-1 were significantly elevated in the BPC group than in the steady state group and the controls. Plasma TNF-α, IL-8 and ET-1 were markedly higher in the severe BPC groups than the steady state and control groups, There was a positive correlation between TNF-α and ET-1 in the bone pain crisis group.Conclusion: Elevated levels of plasma TNF-α, IL-8, and ET-1 further establish the chronic inflammatory state in SCA and equally affirm their significant contribution, not only to pathogenesis but also to the severity of pain in SCA. Keywords: Sickle cell anaemia, Cytokines, Bone pain crisis, Severity, Steady state.

Effects of Hydroxyurea Administration on the Body Weight, Body Composition and Exercise Performance of Patients with Sickle-Cell Anaemia

1997 ◽  
Vol 92 (5) ◽  
pp. 481-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. C. Hackney ◽  
W. Hezier ◽  
T. P. Gulledge ◽  
S. Jones ◽  
D. Strayhorn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Sickle Cell Anaemia ◽  
The Body ◽  
Aerobic Performance ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Anaerobic Performance ◽  
Significant Difference

1. As an ancillary study carried out during the recently completed Multicenter Study of Hydroxyurea, we examined the effect of hydroxyurea on the body weight, body composition and exercise capacity of adult patients with sickle-cell anaemia. 2. The subjects received either hydroxyurea (six males and four females) or placebo (eight males and six females). Data for each subject were generated during four separate 24 h admissions to the General Clinical Research Center. These admissions occurred at baseline and then at 6, 12 and 18 months after the start of study drug (hydroxyurea or placebo) administration. During each admission, body composition was measured by using a dual X-ray absorptiometer, and exercise testing was performed by cycle ergometry. Anaerobic performance was assessed according to a ‘Wingate’ protocol (20 s at maximal intensity against a cycling resistance of 7.5% body weight). Aerobic performance was examined using a steady state submaximal exercise protocol (10 min cycling time). 3. At baseline, no significant difference in any parameter was found between the hydroxyurea- and placebo-treated groups. At 18 months, the hydroxy-urea-treated subjects exhibited an average weight gain of 3.16 kg. The mean weight gain in the placebo-treated subjects was 1.82 kg. Body composition analysis showed that the additional weight in both groups involved both lean and fat body mass components. In anaerobic performance, the subjects given hydroxyurea showed an increase in peak muscle power of 104.9 W. The placebo group also showed an increase, but theirs was a more modest gain of 57.7 W. The most marked improvement in anaerobic performance was observed in the hydroxyurea-treated men (P < 0.05). In aerobic performance, the hydroxyurea-treated subjects exhibited a decrease in peak heart rate response to a standardized workload of 15.2 beats/min, as compared with a decrease of only 4.3 beats/min in the placebo-treated patients. 4. Taken together, the overall weight gain, combined with increases in both anaerobic muscular performance and aerobic cardiovascular efficiency, provides objective data to support the subjective impression that hydroxyurea administration produces an improvement in the physical capacity of patients with sickle-cell anaemia.

scholarly journals Left ventricular dysfunction in hypertensive patients: an echocardiographic assessment

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 51-56
Author(s):  
Rishi Khatri ◽  
Devendra Khatri ◽  
Dhan Bahadur Shrestha ◽  
Parag Karki ◽  
Chiranjeevi Panta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Left Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Diastolic Dysfunction ◽  
Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Left Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction ◽  
Systolic Dysfunction ◽  
Age Distribution ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Significant Difference

Introduction: Echocardiography is noninvasive procedure to assess heart. Ventricular mass increases due to left ventricular hypertrophy and performance of left ventricle decreases with increase in blood pressure. Left ven­tricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD) is early sign of heart weakness which can be picked up early with Echo. This study was aimed to study cardiac anatomic and functional parametric alteration in echocardiography among hypertensive patients. Methods: This was a non-invasive, cross sectional hospital based retrospective review of the patient record from echo room among the hypertensive patient who undergone echocardiographic as­sessment from September 2017-February 2018 in Shree Birendra Hospital (SBH), Chhauni, Kathmandu. Results: Among 447 hypertensive cases, 232(51.9%) were having normal diastolic function while rest 215(48.1%) were having diastolic dysfunction of the heart. Among total cases evaluated, only 12(2.7%) patients were having ejec­tion fraction lower than 55%, while in rest it was normal. There were 53 (11.9%) cases having some form of as­sociated complication. Gender, Concentric Left Ventricular Hypertrophy and left atrial dilatation has significant difference (p<0.05) with LVDD. Statistically significant differences in age distribution of individuals with different categories of left ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVSD) and LVDD (p˂0.001) was observed. Conclusion: Signifi­cant number of hypertensive individuals were having LVDD though in most of the individual LV ejection fraction was maintained.

scholarly journals Left ventricular function and cardiac valvar annular dimensions among children with sickle cell anemia compared to those with hemoglobin AA type in Enugu, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-134
Author(s):  
Josephat M Chinawa ◽  
Awore T Chinawa ◽  
Edmund N Ossai ◽  
Bartholomew F Chukwu ◽  
Ikenna K Ndu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Left Ventricular Function ◽  
Ventricular Function ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Sickle Cell Anemia ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Cardiac Surgeons

BackgroundEnumerating the relationship between cardiac structures, function and chamber sizes in children with sickle cell anemia would help in delineating some cardiovascular abnormalities which will aid the Pediatric cardiologist and the cardiac surgeons in a number of decision-making situations.ObjectivesThe objectives of this study are to assess the dimension of cardiac structures and left ventricular function in children with sickle cell anemia in steady state and controls using echocardiography.MethodsA cross-sectional prospective study that assessed cardiac structures and left ventricular function among fifty-one children with sickle cell anemia (HBSS) and compared with fifty children with HB AA type serving as controls.ResultsA significant high proportion of children with sickle cell anemia had abnormal Valvar dimension and left ventricular function above two standard deviations (2-SD) from the mean of the standard population compared to the control group, showing a statistically significant difference (χ2 = 10.42, p= 0.001). All the mean annular valves diameter, left ventricular internal dimension in systole and diastole, inter-sinus distance diameter and sinu-tubular junction diameter are higher in children with sickle cell anemia than controls and this is statistically significant. (p<0.005). ConclusionThis result shows that children with sickle cell anemia have increased valvar size diameter compared with those with normal hemoglobin type. A significantly higher proportion of respondents in type SS group had abnormal left ventricular systolic and diastolic dysfunction when compared with those in type AA group

scholarly journals Ovarian Reserve in Nigerian Women with Sickle Cell Anaemia: A Cross-Sectional Study.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunusi-Rimi Rimi Garba ◽  
Christian Chigozie Makwe ◽  
Vincent Oluseye Osunkalu ◽  
Olufunto Olufela Kalejaiye ◽  
Adaiah Priscillia Soibi-Harry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Ovarian Reserve ◽  
Sickle Cell Anaemia ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Health Clinic ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nigerian Women

Abstract Introduction: Sickle cell disease is the most common monogenetic disorder worldwide. There have been reports of endocrine dysfunction and gonadal failure among affected individuals, especially in males. The findings on ovarian reserve and failure in women with sickle anaemia has been inconsistent.Aim and objective: The aim of this study was to determine and compare the ovarian reserve of Nigerian women with and without sickle cell anaemia attending a University Teaching Hospital.Study Design: This cross-sectional study was carried out at the Adult Sickle Cell Clinic and the Community Health Clinic of the Lagos University Teaching Hospital.Methodology: A total of 166 participants who met the selection criteria, were recruited for the study. The study population consisted of two groups of women matched for age; 83 women with HbSS and 83 women with HbAA. The haemoglobin phenotypes of each participant were determined on alkaline electrophoresis (pH 8.4) before analysis. serum Anti-Mullerian Hormone (AMH) were determined using Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method (Calbiotech Inc. USA, Catalog no AM448T).Results: The mean ± SD serum Anti-Mullerian Hormone (AMH) level in women with HbSS 3.64 ± 0.65 ng/mL was lower than that of women with HbAA 7.35 ±1.19 ng/mL (p < 0.001). Serum AMH negatively correlated with age in both study groups (HbAA and HbSS). Also, a significant negative correlation was found between serum AMH and BMI in women with HbAA.Conclusion: The study showed diminished ovarian reserve in women with HbSS when compared to age-matched women with HbAA.

scholarly journals Ovarian reserve in nigerian women with sickle cell anaemia: a cross- sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunusi Rimi Garba ◽  
Christian Chigozie Makwe ◽  
Vincent Oluseye Osunkalu ◽  
Olufunto Olufela Kalejaiye ◽  
Adaiah Priscillia Soibi-Harry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Ovarian Reserve ◽  
Sickle Cell Anaemia ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Health Clinic ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nigerian Women

Abstract Introduction Sickle cell disease is the most common monogenetic disorder worldwide. There have been reports of endocrine dysfunction and gonadal failure among affected individuals, especially in males. The findings on ovarian reserve and failure in women with sickle anaemia have been inconsistent. Aim and objective The aim of this study was to determine and compare the ovarian reserve of Nigerian women with and without sickle cell anaemia attending a University Teaching Hospital. Study Design This cross-sectional study was carried out at the Adult Sickle Cell Clinic and the Community Health Clinic of the Lagos University Teaching Hospital. Methodology A total of 166 participants who met the selection criteria, were recruited for the study. The study population consisted of two groups of women matched for age: 83 women with HbSS and 83 women with HbAA. The haemoglobin phenotype of each participant was determined on alkaline electrophoresis (pH 8.4) before analysis. Serum Anti-Mullerian Hormone (AMH) was determined using Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method (Calbiotech Inc. USA, Catalog no AM448T). Results The mean ± SD of serum AMH level in women with HbSS was 3.64 ± 0.65 ng/mL and was lower than that of women with HbAA 7.35 ±1.19 ng/mL (p < 0.001). Serum AMH negatively correlated with age in both study groups (HbAA and HbSS). Also, a significant negative correlation was found between serum AMH and BMI in women with HbAA. Conclusion The study showed diminished ovarian reserve in women with HbSS when compared to age-matched women with HbAA.

End Organ Damage in Hypertensive Geriatric Age Group: A Cross Sectional Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 10-16
Author(s):  
Prakashkumar Kyada ◽  
Kunal Jadhav ◽  
T. K. Biswas ◽  
Varshil Mehta ◽  
Sojib Bin Zaman
Keyword(s):  
Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Organ Damage ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Isolated Systolic Hypertension ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
End Organ Damage ◽  
Common Risk Factors

Objective: Hypertension is one of the common risk factors for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases/disorders A developing country like India faces the double burden of communicable and non-communicable diseases; of the which, hypertension is the most important treatable cause of mortality and morbidity with loss of functional capacity and decline in the quality of life. Aim: To study the prevalence of end organ damage in the hypertensive geriatric age group. Method: The present study was a cross sectional study, conducted in 150 elderly patients admitted in MGM Hospital, Navi Mumbai, India with the diagnosis of stage I or II hypertension from 2011 to 2013. Results: Data analysis of the present study showed that 68% of elderly population aged between 60 to 69 years were suffering from hypertension. Compared to males, females had a higher rate of target organ damage. This study found that out of all patients with total end organ damage, 54.6 % had CVS complications, 15.7 % had hypertensive retinopathy, 25.9 % and 18.51 had raised creatinine and proteinuria respectively. 19.4 % had cerebrovascular accident (CVA) complications. Among Cardiovascular related complications Coronary artery disease (CAD) was found in 21 patients, out of them 7 had Congestive cardiac Failure (CCF). Left Ventricular Hypertrophy (LVH) was the most common complication and seen in 38 patients. 13.8 % patients had Regional Wall Motion Abnormality (RWMA) Conclusion: The present study concluded that Isolated Systolic Hypertension (ISH) is the commonest type of hypertension in geriatric age group. This study concluded that the most common risk factors of HTN in the elderly are sedentary life style, dyslipidemia and extra salt intake while the most common end organ damage was observed to be Left Ventricular Hypertrophy followed by renal dysfunction. Keywords:  Hypertension,  Isolated Systolic Hypertension, Dyslipidemia.

Perbedaan Penggunaan Antikoagulan K2EDTA DAN K3EDTA Terhadap Hasil Pemeriksaan Indeks Eritrosit

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 114
Author(s):  
Wahdaniah Wahdaniah ◽  
Sri Tumpuk
Keyword(s):  
Screening Test ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
The Body ◽  
Ethylene Diamine ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ethylene Diamine Tetra Acetate ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Index Value

Abstract: Routine blood examination is the earliest blood test or screening test to determine the diagnosis of an abnormality. Blood easily froze if it is outside the body and can be prevented by the addition of anticoagulants, one of which Ethylene Diamine Tetra Acetate (EDTA). Currently available vacuum tubes containing EDTA anticoagulants in the form of K2EDTA and K3EDTA. K3EDTA is usually a salt that has better stability than other EDTA salts because it shows a pH approaching a blood pH of about 6.4. The purpose of this research is to know the difference of erythrocyte index results include MCH, MCV and MCHC using K3EDTA anticoagulant with K2EDTA. This research is a cross sectional design. This study used venous blood samples mixed with K2EDTA anticoagulant and venous blood mixed with K3EDTA anticoagulants, each of 30 samples. Data were collected and analyzed using paired different test. Based on data analysis that has been done on MCH examination, p value <0,05 then there is a significant difference between samples with K3EDTA anticoagulant with K2EDTA to erythrocyte index value. Then on the examination of MCV and MCHC obtained p value <0.05 then there is no significant difference between samples with K3EDTA anticoagulant with K2EDTA to erythrocyte index value.Abstrak: Pemeriksaan darah rutin merupakan pemeriksaan darah yang paling awal atau screening test untuk mengetahui diagnosis suatu kelainan. Darah mudah membeku jika berada diluar tubuh dan bisa dicegah dengan penambahan antikoagulan, salah satunya Ethylene Diamine Tetra Acetate (EDTA). Dewasa ini telah tersedia tabung vakum yang sudah berisi antikoagulan EDTA dalam bentuk  K2EDTA dan  K3EDTA. K3EDTA  biasanya berupa garam yang mempunyai stabilitas yang lebih baik dari garam EDTA yang lain karena menunjukkan pH yang mendekati pH darah yaitu sekitar 6,4. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbedaan hasil indeks eritrosit meliputi MCH, MCV dan MCHC menggunakan antikoagulan K3EDTA dengan K2EDTA. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian dengan desain cross sectional. Penelitian ini menggunakan sampel darah vena yang dicampur dengan antikoagulan K2EDTA dan darah vena yang dicampur dengan antikoagulan K3EDTA, masing-masing sebanyak 30 sampel. Data dikumpulkan dan dianalisis menggunakan uji beda berpasangan. Berdasarkan analisis data yang telah dilakukan pada pemeriksaan MCH didapatkan nilai p < 0,05 maka ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara sampel dengan antikoagulan K3EDTA dengan K2EDTA terhadap nilai indeks eritrosit. Kemudian pada pemeriksaan MCV dan MCHC didapatkan nilai p < 0,05 maka tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara sampel dengan antikoagulan K3EDTA dengan K2EDTA terhadap nilai indeks eritrosit.

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