The Role of Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Stroke

Stroke is the third commonest cause of death following cardiovascular diseases and cancer. In particular, in recent years, the morbidity and mortality of stroke keep remarkable growing. However, stroke still captures people attention far less than cardiovascular diseases and cancer. Past studies have shown that oxidative stress and inflammation play crucial roles in the progress of cerebral injury induced by stroke. Evidence is accumulating that the dietary supplementation of fish oil exhibits beneficial effects on several diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, metabolic diseases, and cancer. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs), the major component of fish oil, have been found against oxidative stress and inflammation in cardiovascular diseases. And the potential of n-3 PUFAs in stroke treatment is attracting more and more attention. In this review, we will review the effects of n-3 PUFAs on stroke and mainly focus on the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of n-3 PUFAs.

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Fish oil omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids attenuate oxidative stress-induced DNA damage in vascular endothelial cells

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0187934 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 12 (11) ◽

pp. e0187934 ◽

Cited By ~ 47

Author(s):

Chiemi Sakai ◽

Mari Ishida ◽

Hideo Ohba ◽

Hiromitsu Yamashita ◽

Hitomi Uchida ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Fatty Acids ◽

Dna Damage ◽

Endothelial Cells ◽

Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Fish Oil ◽

Vascular Endothelial Cells ◽

Vascular Endothelial ◽

Omega 3

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A randomized controlled study of the efficacy of six-month supplementation with concentrated fish oil rich in omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in first episode schizophrenia

Journal of Psychiatric Research ◽

10.1016/j.jpsychires.2015.11.013 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 73 ◽

pp. 34-44 ◽

Cited By ~ 46

Author(s):

Tomasz Pawełczyk ◽

Marta Grancow-Grabka ◽

Magdalena Kotlicka-Antczak ◽

Elżbieta Trafalska ◽

Agnieszka Pawełczyk

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Fish Oil ◽

Randomized Controlled Study ◽

Controlled Study ◽

First Episode ◽

Omega 3 ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

First Episode Schizophrenia

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Cardioprotective Effects of Nutraceuticals: Focus on Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13093184 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (9) ◽

pp. 3184

Author(s):

Grazyna Sypniewska ◽

Stefan Kruszewski

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Cardiovascular Diseases ◽

Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Omega 3 ◽

Cardioprotective Effects

Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of mortality worldwide [...]

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Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids: Impact on Health and Disease Status

Life and Science ◽

10.37185/lns.1.1.85 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 12

Author(s):

Samina Akbar ◽

Muhammad Zeeshan Bhatti ◽

Rida Fatima Saeed ◽

Asma Saleem Qazi

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Disease Status ◽

Epidemiological Studies ◽

Lipid Lowering ◽

Therapeutic Effects ◽

Omega 3 ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

Omega 6 ◽

Health And Disease

Over the last decades, the polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have been largely explored not only for their nutritional value but also for the numerous biological functions and therapeutic effects. The serum and erythrocyte levels of PUFAs depend on the genetic control of metabolism as well as the dietary intake and are considered to reflect the health and disease status of an individual. Two families of PUFAs, omega-3 (n-3) and omega-6 (n-6), have gained much attention because of their involvement in the production of bioactive lipid mediators and therefore, a balanced omega-6/omega-3 ratio is crucial in maintaining the overall health of an individual. Omega-3 PUFAs, notably eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5n-3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3) have been shown to exert beneficial effects, possibly due to their lipid-lowering, anti-inflammatory, anti-hypertensive and cardioprotective effects, whereas omega-6 fatty acids such as arachidonic acid (ARA, 20:4n-6) exhibit the opposite properties. Even though, numerous epidemiological studies and clinical interventions have clearly established the effectiveness of omega-3 PUFAs in various pathological conditions including dyslipidemia, obesity, diabetes, cancer, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, some controversies do exist about the beneficial effects of omega-3 PUFAs and need to be clarified. Larger clinical trials with extended follow-up periods are required along with a careful dose selection, in order to confirm the clinical significance and efficacy of omega-3 PUFAs as therapeutic agents.

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Omega 3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Improve Endothelial Dysfunction in Chronic Renal Failure: Role of eNOS Activation and of Oxidative Stress

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu9080895 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (8) ◽

pp. 895 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Michela Zanetti ◽

Gianluca Gortan Cappellari ◽

Davide Barbetta ◽

Annamaria Semolic ◽

Rocco Barazzoni

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Fatty Acids ◽

Renal Failure ◽

Chronic Renal Failure ◽

Endothelial Dysfunction ◽

Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Omega 3

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15 Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (fish oil)

Vitamins in the prevention of human diseases ◽

10.1515/9783110214499.629 ◽

2010 ◽

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Fish Oil ◽

Omega 3

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Enrichment of spreadable fats with polyunsaturated fatty acids omega-3 using fish oil

International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition ◽

10.1080/713671809 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 52 (6) ◽

pp. 469-476 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

Wojciech Kolanowski ◽

Franciszek Swiderski ◽

Ewa Lis ◽

Stanislaw Berger

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Fish Oil ◽

Omega 3

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Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids focusing on eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases: a review of the state-of-the-art

Expert Review of Clinical Pharmacology ◽

10.1080/17512433.2021.1863784 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-15

Author(s):

Yasuhiro Watanabe ◽

Ichiro Tatsuno

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Cardiovascular Diseases ◽

Docosahexaenoic Acid ◽

Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Eicosapentaenoic Acid ◽

State Of The Art ◽

The State ◽

Omega 3

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ω-3 and ω-6 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids, Obesity and Cancer

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu12092751 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (9) ◽

pp. 2751

Author(s):

Stefania D’Angelo ◽

Maria Letizia Motti ◽

Rosaria Meccariello

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Metabolic Diseases ◽

Docosapentaenoic Acid ◽

Lipid Mediators ◽

Omega 3 ◽

Alpha Linolenic Acid ◽

Potential Health ◽

Energy Sensing ◽

Obesity And Cancer

Recently, nutraceutical bioactive compounds in foods have been discovered for their potential health benefits regarding the prevention of chronic disorders, such as cancer, and inflammatory, cardiovascular, and metabolic diseases. Dietary omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3PUFAs), including alpha-linolenic acid, docosapentaenoic acid, and eicosapentaenoic acid, are mostly attractive. They are available for the customers worldwide from commonly used foods and/or as components of commercial food supplements. The anti-inflammatory and hypotriglyceridemic effects of these fatty acids are well known, whereas pro-inflammatory properties have been recognized in their dietary counterparts, the ω-6PUFAs. Both ω-3 and ω-6PUFAs contribute to the production of lipid mediators such as endocannabinoids that are notably involved in control of food intake, energy sensing, and food–related disorders. In this review, we present ω-3 and ω-6PUFAs and their derivatives, endocannabinoids; discuss the anti-obesity effects of ω-3PUFAs; their roles in inflammation and colorectal cancer development; and how their action can be co-preventative and co-therapeutic.

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