scholarly journals Antioxidant, Cytotoxic, and Toxic Activities of Propolis from Two Native Bees in Brazil:Scaptotrigona depilisandMelipona quadrifasciata anthidioides

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thaliny Bonamigo ◽  
Jaqueline Ferreira Campos ◽  
Tamaeh Monteiro Alfredo ◽  
José Benedito Perrella Balestieri ◽  
Claudia Andrea Lima Cardoso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sulfonic Acid ◽  
Stingless Bees ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Native Bees ◽  
Antitumor Activities ◽  
Malondialdehyde Formation ◽  
Natural Mixture ◽  
Ethanol Extracts ◽  
Vanilic Acid

Propolis is a natural mixture of compounds produced by various bee species, including stingless bees. This compound has been shown to exhibit antioxidant, antiproliferative, and antitumor activities. The present study aimed to determine the chemical constituents as well as the antioxidant, cytotoxic, and toxic activities of ethanol extracts of propolis obtained from the stingless beesScaptotrigona depilisandMelipona quadrifasciata anthidioides, which are found in Brazil. Phytosterols, terpenes, phenolic compounds, and tocopherol were identified in the ethanol extracts of propolis (EEPs) in different concentrations. The compounds stigmasterol, taraxasterol, vanilic acid, caffeic acid, quercetin, luteolin, and apigenin were found only in EEP-M. The EEPs were able to scavenge the free radicals 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) and protected human erythrocytes against lipid peroxidation, with the latter effect being demonstrated by their antihemolytic activity and inhibition of malondialdehyde formation. The EEPs showed cytotoxic activity against erythroleukemic cells and necrosis was the main mechanism of death observed. In addition, the concentrations at which the EEPs were cytotoxic were not toxic againstCaenorhabditis elegans. In this context, it is concluded that EEP-S and EEP-M show antioxidant and cytotoxic activities and are promising bioactive mixtures for the control of diseases associated with oxidative stress and tumor cell proliferation.

scholarly journals Antioxidant and Antiproliferative Potentials of Ficus glumosa and Its Bioactive Polyphenol Metabolites

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 266
Author(s):  
Moses Mutuse Mutungi ◽  
Felix Wambua Muema ◽  
Festus Kimutai ◽  
Yong-Bing Xu ◽  
Hui Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Chemical Profiling ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Ic50 Values ◽  
Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power ◽  
High Cytotoxicity ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

Ficus glumosa Delile (Moraceae), a reputed plant that is used in herbal medicine, is of high medicinal and nutritional value in local communities primarily ascribed to its phytochemical profile. Currently, there are hardly any fine details on the chemical profiling and pharmacological evaluation of this species. In this study, the flavonoids and phenolics contents of the ethanol extracts and four extracted fractions (petroleum ether (PE), ethyl acetate (EA), n-butanol, and water) of the stem bark of Ficus glumosa were firstly quantified. Further, their antioxidant and antiproliferative potentials were also evaluated. The quantitative determination indicated that the EA and n-butanol fractions possessed the highest total flavonoids/phenolics levels of 274.05 ± 0.68 mg RE/g and 78.87 ± 0.97 mg GAE/g, respectively. Similarly, for the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2’-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), and ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays, the EA fraction exhibited high potency in both DPPH and ABTS+ scavenging activities with IC50 values of 0.23 ± 0.03 mg/mL, 0.22 ± 0.03 mg/mL, and FRAP potential of 2.81 ± 0.01 mg Fe2+/g, respectively. Furthermore, the EA fraction displayed high cytotoxicity against human lung (A549) and colon (HT-29) cancer cells. Additionally, the liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS) was employed in order to characterize the chemical constituents of the EA fraction of Ficus glumosa stem bark. Our findings revealed 16 compounds from the EA fraction that were possibly responsible for the strong antioxidant and anti-proliferative properties. This study provides edge-cutting background information on the exploitation of Ficus glumosa as a potential natural antioxidant and anti-cancer remedy.

scholarly journals Compound Identification and In Vitro Cytotoxicity of the Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extract of Papaya Freeze-Dried Leaf Juice

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 610
Author(s):  
Kooi-Yeong Khaw ◽  
Paul Nicholas Shaw ◽  
Marie-Odile Parat ◽  
Saurabh Pandey ◽  
James Robert Falconer
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Supercritical Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Compound Identification ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Leaf Juice ◽  
Supercritical Carbon

Carica papaya leaves are used as a remedy for the management of cancer. Freeze-dried C. papaya leaf juice was extracted using a supercritical fluid extraction system. Compound identification was carried out using analytical techniques including liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC–QToF-MS) and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). The cytotoxic activities of the scCO2 extract and its chemical constituents were determined using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay on squamous cell carcinoma (SCC25) and human keratinocyte (HaCaT) cell lines. The chemical constituents were quantified by QToF-MS. The supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) extract of papaya freeze-dried leaf juice showed cytotoxic activity against SCC25. Three phytosterols, namely, β-sitosterol, campesterol, and stigmasterol, together with α-tocopherol, were confirmed to be present in the scCO2 extract. Quantitative analysis showed that β-sitosterol was the major phytosterol present followed by α-tocopherol, campesterol, and stigmasterol. β-Sitosterol and campesterol were active against SCC25 (half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) ≈ 1 µM), while stigmasterol was less active (~33 µM) but was biologically more selective against SCC25. Interestingly, an equimolar mixture of phytosterols was not more effective (no synergistic effect was observed) but was more selective than the individual compounds. The compounds identified are likely accountable for at least part of the cytotoxicity and selectivity effects of C. papaya.

scholarly journals Antioxidant, Cytotoxic Activities and Total Phenolic Content of Four Indonesian Medicinal Plants

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Waras Nurcholis ◽  
Bambang Pontjo Priosoeryanto ◽  
Edy Djauhari Purwakusumah ◽  
Takeshi Katayama ◽  
Toshisada Suzuki
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Ic50 Values ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

The crude ethanol extracts of four Indonesian medicinal plants namely Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.,Phyllanthus niruri Linn., Andrographis paniculata Ness., and Curcuma aeruginosa Roxb. wereexamined for their antioxidant (radical scavenging) activity using 2, 2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH) free radical and cytotoxicity using brine shrimp lethality test (BSLT). The total phenoliccontent was used the Folin-Ciocalteu method. IC50 values for DPPH radical scavenging activityranged from 14.5 to 178.5 μg/ml, with P. niruri having the lowest value and therefore the mostpotent, and C. aeruginosa having the highest value. LC50 values for BSLT ranged from 210.3 to593.2 μg/ml, with C. xanthorrhiza and A. paniculata having the lowest and highest values,respectively. The total phenolic content of the Indonesian plants ranged from 133.0 ±3.7 to863.3±54.7 mg tannic acid equivalent per 1 g extract, with C. aeruginosa and P. niruri having thelowest and highest values, respectively. A positive correlation between free radical scavengingactivity and the content of phenolic compounds was found in the four of Indonesian medicinal plants.

scholarly journals 8-Hydroxyquinoline-5-Sulfonic Acid-Containing Poly(Vinyl Alcohol)/Chitosan Electrospun Materials and Their Cu2+ and Fe3+ Complexes: Preparation, Antibacterial, Antifungal and Antitumor Activities

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 2690
Author(s):  
Milena Ignatova ◽  
Nevena Manolova ◽  
Iliya Rashkov ◽  
Nadya Markova ◽  
Rositsa Kukeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Sulfonic Acid ◽  
Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Local Treatment ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Fibrous Materials ◽  
Antitumor Activities ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal Activities

Novel poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/chitosan (Ch)-based fibrous materials containing an ionizable model drug, 8-hydroxyquinoline-5-sulfonic acid (SQ), were successfully fabricated by electrospinning. Complexes between the components of the crosslinked PVA/Ch/SQ mats and Cu2+ and Fe3+ ions were formed. The coordination of these ions in the mats was examined by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy (EPR). The microbiological screening against S. aureus and C. albicans revealed that both the incorporation of SQ in the mats and the complexation with Cu2+ and Fe3+ imparted to these materials antibacterial and antifungal activities. Moreover, the SQ-containing mats and their complexes displayed good cytotoxicity against human cervical HeLa tumor cells. The most prominent was the cytotoxicity of the Cu2+ complex of the mats. The combined antibacterial, antifungal and in vitro antitumor activities render these novel materials promising candidates for wound dressing applications and for application in the local treatment of cervical tumors.

scholarly journals Phytochemistry and GC-MS screening and biocidal potentiality of clove (Syzygium aromaticum L.) pods against mosquitos’ larvae

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 083-089
Author(s):  
Dalia Mustafa M. Elbashir ◽  
Mutaman AA Kehail ◽  
Yasir Mohamed Abdelrahim ◽  
Abdelmonem Eltiyab H Ali
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Mosquito Control ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Syzygium Aromaticum ◽  
Mosquito Nets ◽  
Economic Trends ◽  
Ethanol Extracts ◽  
Phytochemical Components

Many measures have been used for mosquito control, including the elimination of breeding places, exclusion via window screens and mosquito nets in addition to natural products including clove (Syzygium aromaticum). This study was run at University of Gezira, Sudan, to run phytochemical and GC-MS screening for clove pods before used it as mosquito control agent. The standard methods, materials and devices were used to screen the phytochemical components and the chemical constituents (GC-MS). The WHO protocol for testing the susceptibility of mosquito’s larvae to insecticides was followed in bioassay. The aqueous and the ethanol extracts from clove pods were prepared and used against Anopheles, Culex and Aedes larvae. The results showed that, Aedes mosquito was relatively more susceptible (LC50= 498 mg/L) to clove aqueous extract than Anopheles (LC50= 561 mg/L) and Culex (LC50= 615 mg/L), and similar findings were observed for clove pods ethanol extract, which is relatively more potent than the aqueous extract. The biocidal activity can be attributed to the presence of the detected saponins, flavonoids, tannins and alkaloids. The GC-MS for the ethanol extract showed that, the principal compounds were Eugenol (81%) and caryophyllene (4.65%). Further studies should be run to improve knowledge about how to use this natural product in more economic trends.

Chemical Constituents of Viburnum odoratissimum and Their Cytotoxic Activities

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 600-602 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Chao Ge ◽  
Hai-Jiang Zhang ◽  
Jin-Xiu Lei ◽  
Kui-Wu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Viburnum Odoratissimum

Bee Detectives

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa Ryan-Rendall ◽  
Brenna Quinlan
Keyword(s):  
Stingless Bees ◽  
Native Bees ◽  
Important Work ◽  
Teddy Bear

When Olivia and Hamish see a smoky haze coming from their local park, they're ready to spring into action! But it's not a fire – it's a nest of Australian stingless bees that needs their help. Join Olivia and Hamish as they learn about the bees in our backyards. From Blue-banded and Teddy Bear to Carpenter and Leaf-cutter bees, our two budding Bee Detectives discover how our native bees live, what they like to eat and the important work they do to pollinate plants. Explore the wonders of Australia's native bees – and be inspired to become a Bee Detective, too. It's a real buzz!

In Vitro Screening for Cytotoxic, Anti-bacterial, Anti-HIV1-RT Activities and Chemical Constituents of Croton fluviatilis, Croton acutifolius, and Croton thorelii

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charina Worarat ◽  
Wilart Pompimon ◽  
Phansuang Udomputtimekakul ◽  
Sukee Sukdee ◽  
Punchavee Sombutsiri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Bacterial Activity ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Separation And Purification ◽  
Crude Extracts ◽  
Cytotoxicity Activities

Background: Although the chemical constituents and biological activities of a large number of plants in the Croton genus have been studied, there are still recently discovered plants to be investigated. Objective: 1. To investigate the anti-bacterial, anti-HIV1-RT, and cytotoxicity activities of crude extracts from these plants. 2. To investigate the chemical constituents of Croton fluviatilis, Croton acutifolius, and Croton thorelii. Method: The anti-bacterial, anti-HIV1-RT, and cytotoxicity of the three plants were evaluated by standard techniques. Extraction, separation, and purification of extracts from the three plants were undertaken. Results: The ethyl acetate extract of C. fluviatilis showed low anti-bacterial activity against E. aerogenes, E. coli 0157: H7, and P. mirabilis, together with the ethyl acetate extract of C. acutifolius displayed low anti-bacterial activity against E. aerogenes, while all the crude extracts of C. thorelii were inactive. The ethyl acetate extracts of C. thorelii, and C. fluviatilis showed strong inhibited HIV1-RT, whereas the ethyl acetate extract of C. acutifolius, and the hexane extract of C. fluviatilis displayed moderate inhibited HIV1-RT. Cytotoxic properties of three Croton plants were specific to KKU-M213, MDA-MB-231, A-549, and MMNK-1. Especially, the ethyl acetate extract of C. acutifolius exhibited strong cytotoxic activities against MDA-MB-231, A-549, and MMNK-1. Furthermore, the ethyl acetate extract of C. thorelii showed high cytotoxic activities against KKU-M213, and MDA-MB-231. Compounds 1, and 4 were found in C. fluviatilis. Compounds 2 and 4 were also found in C. acutifolius. Moreover, compound 3 was only found in C. thorelii. Conclusion: The present study revealed that the three Croton species are good sources of flavonoid compounds and further investigation of the chemical constituents from these plants may prove to be fruitful to discover more active compounds to be tested as potential medicines.

scholarly journals Chemical Constituents of the Vietnamese Marine Sponge Gelliodes sp. and Their Cytotoxic Activities

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dae‐Won Ki ◽  
Takeshi Kodama ◽  
Ahmed H. El‐Desoky ◽  
Chin Piow Wong ◽  
Hien Minh Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Marine Sponge ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities
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