scholarly journals Trophic Activity and Phenotype of Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells as a Background of Their Regenerative Potential

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beata Kocan ◽  
Aleksandra Maziarz ◽  
Jacek Tabarkiewicz ◽  
Takahiro Ochiya ◽  
Agnieszka Banaś-Ząbczyk
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Trophic Factors ◽  
Phenotypic Characterization ◽  
Paracrine Effects ◽  
Trophic Activity ◽  
Cell Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
And Migration

There has been an increased interest in mesenchymal stem cells from adipose tissue, due to their abundance and accessibility with no ethical concerns. Their multipotent properties make them appropriate for regenerative clinical applications. It has been shown that adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) may differ between the origin sites. Moreover, a variety of internal and external factors may affect their biological characteristics, as what we aimed to highlight in this review. It has been demonstrated that ASCs secrete multiple trophic factors that are capable of stimulating cell proliferation and differentiation and migration of various cell types. Particular attention should be given to exosomes, since it is known that they contribute to the paracrine effects of MSCs. Secretion of trophic agents by ASCs is thought to be in a greater importance for regenerative medicine applications, rather than cells engraftment to the site of injury and their differentiation ability. The surface marker profile of ASCs seems to be similar to that of the mesenchymal stem cells from bone marrow, although some molecular differences are observed. Thus, in this review, we have attempted to define trophic activity, as well as phenotypic characterization of ASCs, as crucial factors for therapeutic usage.

scholarly journals The impact of cryopreservation on bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells: a systematic review

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Soukaina Bahsoun ◽  
Karen Coopman ◽  
Elizabeth C. Akam
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Surface Marker Expression ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
And Migration ◽  
The Impact

AbstractMesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) represent an invaluable asset for the field of cell therapy. Human Bone marrow-derived MSCs (hBM-MSCs) are one of the most commonly used cell types in clinical trials. They are currently being studied and tested for the treatment of a wide range of diseases and conditions. The future availability of MSCs therapies to the public will require a robust and reliable delivery process. Cryopreservation represents the gold standard in cell storage and transportation, but its effect on BM-MSCs is still not well established. A systematic review was conducted to evaluate the impact of cryopreservation on BM-MSCs and to attempt to uncover the reasons behind some of the controversial results reported in the literature. Forty-one in vitro studies were analysed, and their results organised according to the cell attributes they assess. It was concluded that cryopreservation does not affect BM-MSCs morphology, surface marker expression, differentiation or proliferation potential. However, mixed results exist regarding the effect on colony forming ability and the effects on viability, attachment and migration, genomic stability and paracrine function are undefined mainly due to the huge variabilities governing the cryopreservation process as a whole and to the lack of standardised assays.

scholarly journals SIRT1 Inhibition Affects Angiogenic Properties of Human MSCs

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Botti Chiara ◽  
Caiafa Ilaria ◽  
Coppola Antonietta ◽  
Cuomo Francesca ◽  
Miceli Marco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Therapeutic Angiogenesis ◽  
Induced Response ◽  
Human Mscs ◽  
Hypoxic Conditions ◽  
And Migration

Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) are attractive for clinical and experimental purposes due to their capability of self-renewal and of differentiating into several cell types. Autologous hMSCs transplantation has been proven to induce therapeutic angiogenesis in ischemic disorders. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying these effects remain unclear. A recent report has connected MSCs multipotency to sirtuin families, showing that SIRT1 can regulate MSCs function. Furthermore, SIRT1 is a critical modulator of endothelial angiogenic functions. Here, we described the generation of an immortalized human mesenchymal bone marrow-derived cell line and we investigated the angiogenic phenotype of our cellular model by inhibiting SIRT1 by both the genetic and pharmacological level. We first assessed the expression of SIRT1 in hMSCs under basal and hypoxic conditions at both RNA and protein level. Inhibition of SIRT1 by sirtinol, a cell-permeable inhibitor, or by specific sh-RNA resulted in an increase of premature-senescence phenotype, a reduction of proliferation rate with increased apoptosis. Furthermore, we observed a consistent reduction of tubule-like formation and migration and we found that SIRT1 inhibition reduced the hypoxia induced accumulation of HIF-1α protein and its transcriptional activity in hMSCs. Our findings identify SIRT1 as regulator of hypoxia-induced response in hMSCs and may contribute to the development of new therapeutic strategies to improve regenerative properties of mesenchymal stem cells in ischemic disorders through SIRT1 modulation.

scholarly journals Side-by-Side Comparison of the Biological Characteristics of Human Umbilical Cord and Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Hu ◽  
Jingqiong Hu ◽  
Jiajia Zhao ◽  
Jiarong Liu ◽  
Weixiang Ouyang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Human Adipose Tissue ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Human Umbilical Cord ◽  
Cell Based Therapy ◽  
Secretion Profile ◽  
Immunological Phenotype

Both human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) and umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) have been explored as attractive mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) sources, but very few parallel comparative studies of these two cell types have been made. We designed a side-by-side comparative study by isolating MSCs from the adipose tissue and umbilical cords from mothers delivering full-term babies and thus compared the various biological aspects of ASCs and UC-MSCs derived from the same individual, in one study. Both types of cells expressed cell surface markers characteristic of MSCs. ASCs and UC-MSCs both could be efficiently induced into adipocytes, osteoblasts, and neuronal phenotypes. While there were no significant differences in their osteogenic differentiation, the adipogenesis of ASCs was more prominent and efficient than UC-MSCs. In the meanwhile, ASCs responded better to neuronal induction methods, exhibiting the higher differentiation rate in a relatively shorter time. In addition, UC-MSCs exhibited a more prominent secretion profile of cytokines than ASCs. These results indicate that although ASCs and UC-MSCs share considerable similarities in their immunological phenotype and pluripotentiality, certain biological differences do exist, which might have different implications for future cell-based therapy.

scholarly journals Comparison of Properties of Stem Cells Isolated from Adipose Tissue and Lipomas in Dogs

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takahiro Teshima ◽  
Akito Matsuoka ◽  
Maika Shiba ◽  
Kazuho Dairaku ◽  
Hirotaka Matsumoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Regenerative Medicine ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Stem Cell Markers ◽  
Two Dimensional Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Similar Expression ◽  
Proliferation And Differentiation

Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) have been suggested their benefits in regenerative medicine for various diseases. Lipomas, benign neoplasms in adipose tissue, have been reported as a potential source of stem cells. These lipoma-derived mesenchymal stem cells (LDSCs) may be useful for regenerative medicine. However, the detailed characteristics of LDSCs have not been fully elucidated. This study investigated the cellular proteomics and secretomes of canine LDSCs in addition to morphology and proliferation and differentiation capacities. Some LDSCs isolated from canine subcutaneous lipomas were morphologically different from ADSCs and showed a rounded shape instead of fibroblast-like morphology. The phenotype of cell surface markers in LDSCs was similar to those in ADSCs, but CD29 and CD90 stem cell markers were more highly expressed compared with those of ADSCs. LDSCs had noticeably high proliferation ability, but no significant differences were observed compared with ADSCs. In regard to differentiation capacity compared to ADSCs, LDSCs showed higher adipogenesis, but no differences were observed with osteogenesis. Cellular proteomic analysis using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis revealed that over 95% of protein spots showed similar expression levels between LDSCs and ADSCs. Secretome analysis was performed using iTRAQ and quantitative cytokine arrays. Over 1900 proteins were detected in conditioned medium (CM) of LDSCs and ADSCs, and 94.0% of detected proteins showed similar expression levels between CM of both cell types. Results from cytokine arrays including 20 cytokines showed no significant differences between CM of LDSCs and that of ADSCs. Our results indicate that canine LDSCs had variability in characteristics among individuals in contrast with those of ADSCs. Cellular proteomics and secretomes were similar in both LDSCs and ADSCs. These findings suggest that LDSCs may be suitable for application in regenerative medicine.

scholarly journals Tensin-3 Regulates Integrin-Mediated Proliferation and Differentiation of Tonsil-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Cells ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
Gi Cheol Park ◽  
Hyung-Sik Kim ◽  
Hee-Young Park ◽  
Yoojin Seo ◽  
Ji Min Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Focal Adhesion ◽  
Adipogenic Differentiation ◽  
Growth Curves ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Sox2 Expression ◽  
Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Multipotent Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
And Migration

Human palatine tonsils are potential tissue source of multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). The proliferation rate of palatine tonsil-derived MSCs (TMSCs) is far higher than that of bone marrow-derived MSCs (BMSCs) or adipose tissue-derived MSCs (ADSCs). In our previous study, we had found through DNA microarray analysis that tensin-3 (TNS3), a type of focal adhesion protein, was more highly expressed in TMSCs than in both BMSCs and ADSCs. Here, the role of TNS3 in TMSCs and its relationship with integrin were investigated. TNS3 expression was significantly elevated in TMSCs than in other cell types. Cell growth curves revealed a significant decrease in the proliferation and migration of TMSCs treated with siRNA for TNS3 (siTNS3). siTNS3 treatment upregulated p16 and p21 levels and downregulated SOX2 expression and focal adhesion kinase, protein kinase B, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase phosphorylation. siTNS3 transfection significantly reduced adipogenic differentiation of TMSCs and slightly decreased osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation. Furthermore, TNS3 inhibition reduced active integrin beta-1 (ITGβ1) expression, while total ITGβ1 expression was not affected. Inhibition of ITGβ1 expression in TMSCs by siRNA showed similar results observed in TNS3 inhibition. Thus, TNS3 may play an important role in TMSC proliferation and differentiation by regulating active ITGβ1 expression.

scholarly journals Autologous Protein Solution Effect on Chondrogenic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Adipose Tissue and Bone Marrow in an Osteoarthritic Environment

Cartilage ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 194760352199321
Author(s):  
Stefania Pagani ◽  
Francesca Veronesi ◽  
Gianluca Giavaresi ◽  
Giuseppe Filardo ◽  
Tiziana Papio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Chondrogenic Differentiation ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Type I Collagen ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Type I ◽  
Protein Solution

Objective Osteoarthritis (OA) is an inflammatory and degenerative disease, and the numerous treatments currently used are not fully effective. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) are proposed for OA treatment as biologic therapies. The aim of the study was to observe the role of autologous protein solution (APS), a type of PRP, on chondrogenic differentiation of 2 types of MSCs, from bone marrow (BMSCs) and adipose tissue (ADSCs), in an in vitro osteoarthritic microenvironment. Design Inflammatory culture conditions, mimicking OA, were obtained by adding interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), or synovial fluid from patient osteoarthritic knees (OSF), to the culture medium. MSCs were then treated with APS. Results After 1 month of culture, both cell types formed mature micromasses, partially altered in the presence of IL-1β and TNFα but quite preserved with OSF. Inflammatory conditions hindered differentiation in terms of gene expression, not counterbalanced by APS. APS triggered type I collagen deposition and above all contributed to decrease the expression of metalloproteinases in the most aggressive conditions (IL-1β and TNFα in the culture medium). ADSCs originated micromasses more mature and less prone toward osteogenic lineage than BMSCs, thus showing to better adapt in an aggressive environment than BMSC. Conclusions APS seems to act better on inflammation front and, between cell types, ADSCs respond better to the inflammatory microenvironment of OA and to the treatment with APS than BMSCs.

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