scholarly journals Chemical Composition, Physicochemical Characteristics, and Nutritional Value ofLannea kerstingiiSeeds and Seed Oil

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judicaël Thomas Ouilly ◽  
Patrice Bazongo ◽  
Adjima Bougma ◽  
Nèbpawindé Kaboré ◽  
Anne Mette Lykke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Stability Index ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Total Oxidation ◽  
Alternative Source

The chemical composition, main physicochemical properties, and nutritional value of seed flour and seed oil ofLannea kerstingiiwere studied. The results indicated that seeds contained 3.61% moisture, 57.85% fat, 26.39% protein, 10.07% carbohydrates, and 2.08% ash. Potassium was the predominant mineral, followed by magnesium and calcium. The essential amino acids were at higher levels than the estimated amino acid requirements of FAO/WHO/UNU except for lysine. Fatty acid composition showed that oleic acid was the major fatty acid, followed by palmitic, linoleic, and stearic acids. Physicochemical properties of the seed oil were melting point, 19.67°C; refractive index (25°C), 1.47; iodine value, 60.72/100 g of oil; peroxide value, 0.99 meq. O2/kg of oil;p-anisidine value, 0.08; total oxidation (TOTOX) value, 2.06; oxidative stability index (120°C), 52.53 h; free fatty acids, 0.39%; acid value, 0.64 mg of KOH/g of oil; saponification value, 189.73. Total amount of tocopherols, carotenoids, and sterols was 578.60, 4.60, and 929.50 mg/kg of oil, respectively.γ-Tocopherol (82%), lutein (80%), andβ-sitosterol (93%) were the most abundant forms of tocopherols, carotenoids, and sterols, respectively. Seeds ofL. kerstingiiconstitute an alternative source of stable vegetable oil and protein for nutritional and industrial applications.

scholarly journals Effect of Processing on Physicochemical Properties and Fatty Acid Composition of Fluted Pumpkin (Telfairia occidentalis) Seed Oil

2016 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-89
Author(s):  
Jacob Olabode Alademeyin ◽  
Jacob Olalekan Arawande
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Smoke Point ◽  
Fluted Pumpkin ◽  
Telfairia Occidentalis ◽  
Acid Acid

 This paper reports the physicochemical properties and fatty acid composition of the seed oil extracted from fluted pumpkin (Telfairia occidentalis). The extracted oil was degummed, neutralised and bleached. The oil yield was 42.26±0.20%. The specific gravity (at 25 °C) of the oil was 0.923±0.003 and the refractive index (at 25 °C) was 1.475±0.002. Processing of the crude oil resulted in progressive decrease in turbidity, colour, free fatty acid, acid value, peroxide value and saponification value. However, there was increase in smoke point (243.00±0.03 to 253.00±0.03 °C), flash point (285.00±1.20 to 304.00±1.10 °C) and fire point (345.00±1.10 to 358.00±1.55 °C) as well as iodine value (113.00 to 121.50 g/100 g) and fatty acid composition during the processing of the oil. The fatty acids detected in the oil samples were myristic, palmitic, stearic, oleic, arachidic, behenic, linoleic and linolenic acids. The predominant fatty acid was oleic acid (47.40-47.90%) followed by linoleic acid (26.36-30.44%) while the least fatty acidwas linolenic acid (0.01-0.05%). 

scholarly journals Physicochemical Characterization of Jatropha podagrica Seed Oil for Potential Biodiesel Production and other Industrial Applications in Thailand

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-92
Author(s):  
Duangporn Premjet ◽  
Abraham Kusi Obeng ◽  
Hah Young Yoo ◽  
Seung Wook Kim ◽  
Siripong Premjet
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Physicochemical Analysis ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Seed Kernel ◽  
Jatropha Seed

Jatropha is considered as one of the most promising potential oil sources for biodiesel production and other industrial applications. However, research on the potential of Jatropha seed oil is mainly focused on Jatropha curcas, with other species receiving little attention. The physicochemical properties of J. podagrica seed oil was studied to determine its potential as feedstock for biodiesel production and other industrial applications in Thailand. The seed oil was extracted with n-hexane from milled kernels using the soxhlet extractor and subsequently characterised for free fatty acids, iodine value, viscosity, saponification value, density, and acid value. The fatty acid profile of the seed oil was also analysed using gas chromatography (GC). Analysis of the physical properties of the J. podagrica seed kernel showed lower average physical characteristics when compared to those of J. curcas seed kernel. J. podagrica seeds had high oil content comparable to J. curcas oil content. The main fatty acid components of the seed oil were oleic acid (15%) and linoleic acid (70%). Generally, the results of the physicochemical analysis indicated that J. podagrica seed oil would be very useful for the production of soap and shampoo in Thailand. To produce biodiesel from the seed oil, a two-step acid-catalysed transesterification process would be appropriate.

scholarly journals Physicochemical Properties, Lipid and Fatty Acid Profile of “Batuan” [Garcinia binucao (Blco.) Choisy] Seed Oil

2015 ◽  
pp. 11-22
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Quevedo ◽  
Laura Pham ◽  
Florinia Merca ◽  
Antonio Laurena
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Minor Amount

The seed oil of “batuan” [Garcinia binucao (Blco.) Choisy] fruit, an indigenous, lesser known, and with promising economic potential, was characterized to evaluate its quality and potential for product development. Using standard AOAC methods, thin layer chromatography and gas chromatography, the physicochemical properties, lipid and fatty acid profile were determined. Oil yield from “batuan” seeds was high. The extracted oil was yellowish white, soft solid at room temperature. Iodine value, acid value, and peroxide value of the seed oil were low while saponification value was high. Lipid presents in “batuan” seed oil is mostly triglycerides while diglycerides are in low amount. Unsaponifiable matter (<1.0%) was abundant in sterol, squalene and beta-carotene, and minor amount of Vit. A palmitate, and-tocopherols. Stearic (C18:0), oleic (C18:1), and palmitic (C16:0) acids were the major fatty acids while arachidic, linoleic and linolenic acids constitute the minor components. “Batuan” seed oil contained more saturated fatty acids than the unsaturated fatty acids which could be responsible for its being a soft solid at room temperature. Results of this study show that “batuan” seed oil is of good quality and could be a potential source of valuable oil for food and other industrial applications.

GC-MS analysis and physiochemical properties of Enterolobium cyclocarpum (elephant ear) seed oil

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Opeyemi N. Avoseh ◽  
Zacheus M. Akinpelu ◽  
Olawale L. Osifeko ◽  
Folajimi T. Arubuola ◽  
Fanyana M. Mtunzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Sore Throat ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Acid Methyl ◽  
Enterolobium Cyclocarpum

Background: The present study aimed to extract, evaluate the physicochemical properties, and chemical characterization of the seed Enterolobium cyclocarpum. E. cyclocarpum is a legume of the Leguminosae family. It is used as foliage, for animal feeding and oil is extracted for several application in folk medicine for the treatment of sore throat, colds, diarrhea, headache, intestinal ailments, and stomachache. The leaf infusion is used as a laxative In the West Indies; seeds are chewed for a sore throat. Methods: Three hundred grams (300 g) of each of the pulverized samples were extracted with 100% hexane using Soxhlet extractor to produce a light-brown oil of low viscosity. The physicochemical properties of the oil were analyzed using AOAC standard methods, while the oil components were characterized on an HP-5MS column Gas Chromatography coupled with Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Results: The yield of the oil is very low (only 4.11 % by weight), Fatty acid composition showed that undecanoic acid methyl ester (36.68%) was the dominant fatty acid, followed by 3-linoleic acid (25.04%), and 2-linolelaidic acid methyl ester (12.98%). Physicochemical properties of themed oil were moisture content (0.85%); refractive index (25oC), 1.45; Specific gravity, 0.86±0.02; iodine value, 68.55±0.02/100 g of oil; peroxide value, 6.58±0.03 meq. O2/kg of oil; free fatty acids, 2.63±0.01 mg of KOH/g of oil; acid value, 5.26±0.02 mg of KOH/g of oil; saponification value, 189.00±0.03; Unsaponifiable value, 0.66±0.01%. Conclusion: This study has shown that the seed oil of E. cyclocarpum displayed properties and constituents as a substitute oil for industrial, pharmaceutical, and domestic applications.

scholarly journals Chemical Composition and Physicochemical Analysis of Opuntia dillenii Extracts Grown in Morocco

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
EL Hassania Loukili ◽  
Farid Abrigach ◽  
Mohamed Bouhrim ◽  
Mohamed Bnouham ◽  
Marie-laure Fauconnier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Quality Criteria ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Skin Extract ◽  
Opuntia Dillenii

The chemical composition and physicochemical properties of hexane and ethyl acetate extracts of skin, juice, and seeds of Opuntia dillenii fruit collected from three Moroccan regions (Oujda, Nador, and Essaouira) were studied. The study revealed that the seed oil extracts presented the highest yield of 13.12%, followed by the skin fraction (1.77%) and the juice extract (0.49%). The evaluation of fatty acid compositions using GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of linoleic acid as a dominating unsaturated fatty acid with a value of 72.39%, followed by palmitic acid, oleic acid, and stearic acid in all localities. Otherwise, the juice extract of Oujda locality was richer in margaric acid (37.41%), followed by Essaouira skin extract (10.7%) and Oujda seed extract (6.18%). However, the campesterol was detected only in trace in the juice extract. The physicochemical properties of O. dillenii seed oils such as acid value, peroxide value, ester value, pH value, saponification value, density, and refractive index were all found to be in good agreement with the quality criteria for pure and fresh oils. In addition, principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) were implemented to compare the difference in the chemical composition of the different O. dillenii extracts.

Characterization and Stability Studies of Egusi Melon Seed Oil (Citrullus colocynthis L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
C.O. Ajenu ◽  
M.E. Ukhun ◽  
C. Imoisi ◽  
E.E. Imhontu ◽  
L.E. Irede ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Iodine Value ◽  
Peroxide Value ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Melon Seed ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Value ◽  
Melon Seed Oil

The physical value of oil depends upon its chemical composition, even today these values play a vital role while using different oil for industrial products and also, despite the vast nutritional and medicinal significance of egusi melon, there are little details on the shell life and stability of its oil over time. Therefore, the influence of time and temperature on melon seed oil was investigated at temperatures of 0oC and 30oC at different weeks to ascertain its physicochemical value and storage stability. For week zero, at 0oC and ambient temperature (30oC), the result revealed iodine value 124.09, Acid value 3.64 mgNaOH/g, Free Fatty Acid value 1.84 mgNaOH/g, Saponification 217.35 mgKOH/g, Peroxide value 1.25 mg/g oil, pH 5.89 and thiobarbituric acid value 0.1383 respectively. In the 5th week, at 30oC, the result revealed iodine value 91.1543, acid value 12.8921 mgNaOH/g, free fatty acid value 6.4988 mgNaOH/g, Saponification 346.42 mgKOH/g, Peroxide value 9.5mg/g oil, pH 3.2 and thiobarbituric acid value 0.413 respectively. Also at 0oC in the 5th week, the results were observed as follow: Iodine value 102.53, Acid value 7.96 mgNaOH/g, Free Fatty Acid value 4.01 mgNaOH/g, saponification 287.51 mgKOH/g, Peroxide value 6.1 mg/g oil, pH 5.05, and thiobarbituric acid value 0.2658 respectively. Refrigeration (0oC) of oil reduced the rate of most of the oxidative deterioration that produces rancidity. These values are within recommended range for edible oils. These results indicate that egusi melon oil could be a good source of table oil. The statistical results show that there was a significant difference between the melon seed oil stored at 0oC and 30oC (P < 0.001).

Analyses and evaluation of the main chemical components in different tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) genotypes

2021 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. e389
Author(s):  
M. Camlica ◽  
G. Yaldiz
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Nicotine Content ◽  
Tobacco Seeds

The nicotine, reducing sugar and ion contents from the threshing of tobacco can re-used from the industry. The crude oil and fatty oil compositions of tobacco seeds can be considered as an alternative source of raw material for biodiesel. In this study, the nicotine, reducing sugar content, crude oil, fatty acid composition and ion content were determined in 29 genotypes and 1 cultivar of tobacco. The genetic diversity was determined among the tobacco cultivar and genotypes base on examined properties. The nicotine content varied between 0.10-0.87%, reducing sugar ranged from 9.70-21.30%, crude oil varied between 24.33-47.00% and fatty acid compositions was found in the range of 77.94-100%. Linoleic (13.92-75.04%) and butyric (0.33-64.98%) acids were the major components. Overall, the BSR-5 (52.56 mg/g) and ESR-5 (44.58 mg/g) genotypes exhibited the highest potassium contents and ESR-7 (6.54 mg/g) and ESR-8 (1.28 mg/g) genotypes had the lowest chlorine contents. As a result of this study, the highest nicotine content, reducing sugar and crude oil of tobacco were found in ESR-4, ESR-11 and BSR-5 genotypes, respectively. The dendrogram analysis divided the tobacco into two main groups and most of the same origin genotypes fell into the same group. The results indicated that the different tobacco leaves and seeds can be evaluated as an alternative source in the industry as cigarettes, biodiesel and different industrial applications such as cosmetic, oil paints and varnishes based on their chemical properties.

Changes in Microbiological and Physicochemical Properties of Bee Pollen by Application of Gamma Irradiation and Ozone Treatment

1998 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
HONG-SUN YOOK ◽  
SEONG-IL LIM ◽  
MYUNG-WOO BYUN
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Gamma Irradiation ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Ozone Treatment ◽  
Bee Pollen ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Value

The effects of gamma irradiation and ozone treatment on microbiological and physicochemical properties of bee pollen were investigated. Gamma irradiation at 7.5 kGy reduced the total microbial loads below detection levels (&gt;102 CFU g−1) but after ozone treatment of up to 18 ppm for 8 h the total aerobic bacteria were found in concentrations of more than 103 CFU g−1. Physicochemical properties such as amino acid and fatty acid composition, thiobarbituric acid value, mineral content, and pigment were not significantly changed by gamma irradiation, whereas ozone treatment caused significant changes in fatty acid composition, thiobarbituric acid value, and pigment by lipid oxidation and decoloration (P &lt; 0.05).

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