scholarly journals Antiviral Activity of Fridericia formosa (Bureau) L. G. Lohmann (Bignoniaceae) Extracts and Constituents

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geraldo Célio Brandão ◽  
Erna G. Kroon ◽  
José D. Souza Filho ◽  
Alaíde Braga Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Cytopathic Effect ◽  
Encephalomyocarditis Virus ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Phytochemical Study ◽  
Mtt Method ◽  
Ethanol Extracts ◽  
Dengue Virus Type 2 ◽  
Hsv 1

A phytochemical study of Fridericia formosa (Bignoniaceae) ethanol extracts of leaves, stems, and fruits was guided by in vitro assays against vaccinia virus Western Reserve (VACV-WR), human herpes virus 1 (HSV-1), murine encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV), and dengue virus type 2 (DENV-2) by the MTT method. All the ethanol extracts were active against DENV-2, HSV-1, and VACV-WR with best results for the fruits extract against DENV-2 (SI > 38.2). For VACV-WR and HSV-1, EC50 values > 200 μg mL−1 were determined, while no inhibition of the cytopathic effect was observed with EMCV. Five compounds were isolated and identified as the C-glucosylxanthones mangiferin (1), 2′-O-trans-caffeoylmangiferin (2), 2′-O-trans-coumaroylmangiferin (3), 2′-O-trans-cinnamoylmangiferin (5), and the flavonoid chrysin (4). The most active compound was 2′-O-trans-coumaroylmangiferin (3) with SI > 121.9 against DENV-2 and 108.7 for HSV-1. These results indicate that mangiferin cinnamoyl esters might be potential antiviral drugs.

In-vitro effect of human cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide LL-37 on dengue virus type 2

Peptides ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 92 ◽  
pp. 23-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Alagarasu ◽  
P.S. Patil ◽  
P. Shil ◽  
M. Seervi ◽  
M.B. Kakade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Antimicrobial Peptide ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Vitro Effect ◽  
Dengue Virus Type 2

Antioxidant and cytotoxic activity of stems of Smilax zeylanica in vitro

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Nasir Uddin ◽  
Taksim Ahmed ◽  
Sanzida Pathan ◽  
Md. Mamun Al-Amin ◽  
Md. Sohel Rana
Keyword(s):  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Dpph Assay ◽  
Cytotoxic Potential ◽  
Phytochemical Study ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Standard Procedures

AbstractPlant-derived phytochemicals consisting of phenols and flavonoids possess antioxidant properties, eventually rendering a lucrative tool to scavenge reactive oxygen species. This study was carried out to evaluate in vitro antioxidant and cytotoxic potential of methanolic extract and petroleum ether extracts ofPhytochemical screening was done following standard procedures. Antioxidant activity was tested using several in vitro assays, viz., 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay, NO assay, HPreliminary phytochemical study revealed the presence of flavonoids and glycosides in both extracts. Methanolic extract was found to possess stronger antioxidant potential than petroleum ether extracts in all assays. The ICThese findings demonstrate that methanolic extracts could be considered as potential sources of natural antioxidant, whereas petroleum ether extracts could be explored for promising anticancer molecules.

scholarly journals Persistence of SARS-CoV-2 infection on personal protective equipment (PPE)

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Córdoba-Lanús ◽  
Omar García-Pérez ◽  
Sara Cazorla-Rivero ◽  
Francisco Rodríguez-Esparragón ◽  
José-Enrique Piñero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personal Protective Equipment ◽  
Post Infection ◽  
Cytopathic Effect ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Rna Stability ◽  
Vero Cells ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Viral Loads

Abstract Background SARS-CoV-2 stability and infection persistence has been studied on different surfaces, but scarce data exist related to personal protective equipment (PPE), moreover using realist viral loads for infection. Due to the importance for adequate PPE management to avoid risk of virus infection, RNA stability was evaluated on PPE. Methods Persistence of SARS-CoV-2 infection and detection of genomic RNA in PPE (gowns and face masks) were determined by in-vitro assays and RT-qPCR, respectively. Samples were infected with a clinical sample positive for SARS-CoV-2 (Clin-Inf), and with a heat-inactivated SARS-CoV-2 strain sample (Str-Inf) as a control. Results PPE samples infected with Clin-Inf were positive for the 3 viral genes on gowns up to 5 days post-infection, whereas these overall genes were detected up to 30 days in the case of face masks. However, gowns and FFP2 masks samples contaminated with Clin-Inf showed a cytopathic effect over VERO cells up to 5–7 days post-infection. Conclusions SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected on different PPE materials for 5 to 30 days, but PPE contaminated with the virus was infectious up to 5–7 days. These findings demonstrate the need to improve PPE management and to formulate strategies to introduce viricidal compounds in PPE fabrics.

White rice ethanol extract is qualitatively, but not quantitatively, equivalent to that of brown rice as an antioxidant source

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongyan Wu ◽  
Toshiyuki Nakamura ◽  
Yingnan Guo ◽  
Miho Hirooka ◽  
Gongliang Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brown Rice ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Metabolizing Enzymes ◽  
Total Polyphenol ◽  
White Rice ◽  
Trolox Equivalent ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

Abstract The purpose of this study is to compare the potentials to exhibit biologically-active antioxidant actions between white rice (WR) and brown rice (BR) in in vitro assays and a cellular model. The Trolox equivalent (TE) per 1 mg ethanol extract of WR for the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl assay was slightly higher than that of BR, whereas the TE per 1 g whole WR was much lower than that for BR. This tendency was very comparable to those for the oxygen radical absorbance capacity and total polyphenol content. Both of the ethanol extracts also similarly suppressed the hydrogen peroxide-induced cytotoxicity and enhanced the gene expression of drug-metabolizing enzymes. Based on the αT quantity, its contribution to the cytoprotective effect of the rice extracts is very limited. Taken together, the ethanol extract of WR might be a qualitatively, but not quantitatively, equivalent source of antioxidative phytochemicals to that of BR.

scholarly journals Infectious clone construction of dengue virus type 2, strain Jamaican 1409, and characterization of a conditional E6 mutation

2006 ◽  
Vol 87 (8) ◽  
pp. 2263-2268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis J. Pierro ◽  
Ma Isabel Salazar ◽  
Barry J. Beaty ◽  
Ken E. Olson
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Infectious Clone ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Dengue Virus Type 2

A full-length infectious cDNA clone (ic) was constructed from the genome of the dengue virus type 2 (DENV-2) Jamaica83 1409 strain, pBAC1409ic, by using a bacterial artifical chromosome plasmid system. Infectious virus was generated and characterized for growth in cell culture and for infection in Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. During construction, an isoleucine to methionine (Ile→Met) change was found at position 6 in the envelope glycoprotein sequence between low- and high-passage DENV-2 1409 strains. In vitro-transcribed genomic RNA of 1409ic with E6-Ile produced infectious virions following electroporation in mosquito cells, but not mammalian cells, while 1409ic RNA with an E6-Met mutation produced virus in both cell types. Moreover, DENV-2 1409 with the E6-Ile residue produced syncytia in C6/36 cell culture, whereas viruses with E6-Met did not. However, in vitro cell culture-derived growth-curve data and in vivo mosquito-infection rates revealed that none of the analysed DENV-2 strains differed from each other.

scholarly journals Chloroquine Inhibits Dengue Virus Type 2 Replication in Vero Cells but Not in C6/36 Cells

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kleber Juvenal Silva Farias ◽  
Paula Renata Lima Machado ◽  
Benedito Antônio Lopes da Fonseca
Keyword(s):  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Plaque Assay ◽  
Antiviral Drug ◽  
Vero Cells ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Dengue Virus Type 2

Dengue viruses are the most important arthropod-borne viruses in terms of morbidity and mortality in the world. Since there is no dengue vaccine available for human use, we have set out to investigate the use of chloroquine as an antiviral drug against dengue. Chloroquine, an amine acidotropic drug known to affect intracellular exocytic pathways by increasing endosomal pH, was used in the in vitro treatment of Vero and C6/36 cells infected with dengue virus type 2 (DENV-2). Real-time RT-PCR and plaque assays were used to quantify the DENV-2 load in infected Vero and C6/36 cells after chloroquine treatment. Our results showed that a dose of 50 μg/ml of chloroquine was not toxic to the cells and induced a statistically significant inhibition of virus production in infected Vero cells when compared to untreated cells. In C6/36 cells, chloroquine does not induce a statistically significant difference in viral replication when compared to untreated cells, showing that this virus uses an unlikely pathway of penetration in these cells, and results were also confirmed by the plaque assay (PFU). These data suggest that the inhibition of virus infection induced by chloroquine is due to interference with acidic vesicles in mammalian cells.

Inhibitory effects of curcumin on dengue virus type 2-infected cells in vitro

2013 ◽  
Vol 159 (3) ◽  
pp. 573-579 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo Padilla-S ◽  
Andrés Rodríguez ◽  
María M. Gonzales ◽  
Juan C. Gallego-G ◽  
Jhon C. Castaño-O
Keyword(s):  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Infected Cells ◽  
Dengue Virus Type 2
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