scholarly journals Testicular Dysfunction Ameliorative Effect of the Methanolic Roots Extracts of Maytenus procumbens and Ozoroa paniculosa

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Nkosinathi David Cele ◽  
Nonhlakanipho Felicia Sangweni ◽  
Rebamang Anthony Mosa ◽  
Dambudzo Penduka ◽  
Geraldine Genevive Lazarus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Count ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Untreated Group ◽  
Lower Serum ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Testicular Dysfunction ◽  
Malondialdehyde Content ◽  
Ameliorative Effect ◽  
Histomorphological Changes ◽  
Mcf 7

The traditional use of medicinal plants in the management of sexual dysfunctions has a long history. This study investigated testicular dysfunction ameliorative effect of the methanolic roots extracts of Maytenus procumbens and Ozoroa paniculosa in a butanol-induced testicular dysfunction rat model. The rats in respective experimental groups were orally administered with the extract at 50 and 250 mg/kg bw, daily for 28 days. The cytotoxicity of the extracts was evaluated against HEK293, MCF-7, and HT29 cell lines. The extracts exhibited moderate (LC50 30.3–330.2 μg/mL) to weak (LC50 200.8–438.4 μg/mL) cytotoxicity level on the cancer and normal cells, respectively. While relatively lower serum testosterone levels and total sperm count along with decreased numbers of spermatogonia were noted in the untreated group, all these parameters were improved in the groups treated with the extracts at 250 mg/kg. Improved histomorphological changes of the testes were also observed when compared to the untreated group. While the extracts (at 250 mg/kg) increased serum reduced glutathione content and decreased malondialdehyde content, a relatively higher serum creatinine level was also observed in the treated animals group. The results indicate that the two plant extracts have potential to ameliorate testicular dysfunction.

Testicular toxicity of gentamicin in adult rats: Ameliorative effect of lycopene

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (11) ◽  
pp. 1302-1313 ◽  
Author(s):  
HAA Aly
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Testicular Toxicity ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Adult Rat ◽  
Gentamicin Treatment ◽  
Ameliorative Effect ◽  
Induced Apoptosis

The current study was aimed to investigate the ameliorative effect of lycopene against gentamicin-induced testicular toxicity in adult rat testes. Pretreatment with lycopene (4 mg/kg/day) significantly prevented the decrease in the absolute testes weight and relative testes weight and the reduction in sperm count, motility, viability, and daily sperm production in gentamicin (100 mg/kg/day)-treated rats. Gentamicin significantly decreased the level of serum testosterone and testicular lactate dehydrogenase-X and G6PDH activities but a marked increase was observed upon pretreatment with lycopene. Testicular caspase-3 and -9 activities were significantly increased but lycopene showed significant protection from gentamicin-induced apoptosis. Oxidative stress was induced by gentamicin treatment as evidenced by increased hydrogen peroxide level and lipid peroxidation and decreased the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase activities and glutathione content. These alterations were effectively prevented by lycopene pretreatment. Histopathological examination showed loss of spermatogenesis and morphological abnormalities of the testis after treatment with gentamycin. These abnormalities were effectively normalized by pretreatment with lycopene. In conclusion, gentamicin decreases rat testes weight and inhibits spermatogenesis. It induces oxidative stress and apoptosis by possible mitochondrial dysfunction. These data provide insight into the mode of action of gentamicin-induced testicular toxicity and the beneficial role provided by lycopene to restore the suppressed spermatogenesis.

Mitochondria-Mediated Apoptosis Induced Testicular Dysfunction in Diabetic Rats: Ameliorative Effect of Resveratrol

Endocrinology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 162 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamdy A A Aly
Keyword(s):  
Cytochrome C ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Protein Carbonyl ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Serum Testosterone Level ◽  
H2o2 Production ◽  
Testicular Damage ◽  
Protein Carbonyl Content ◽  
Testicular Dysfunction ◽  
Ameliorative Effect

Abstract The molecular mechanism underlying diabetes-induced testicular damage has not been thoroughly elucidated. The present study was conducted to elucidate the role of mitochondria-mediated apoptosis in diabetes-induced testicular dysfunction in rats and to explore the ameliorative effect of resveratrol. Diabetes suppressed sperm count, motility, and viability and increased sperm abnormalities. It decreased serum testosterone level and testicular mitochondrial membrane potential. The level of Bax and caspase-3 and -9 activities were increased in the testicular cytosol, while the level of Bcl-2 was decreased. Diabetes increased the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. The cytochrome C level was decreased in the mitochondrial fraction, while its level was increased in the cytosol, a result that was supported by the immunohistochemistry of cytochrome C. Diabetes resulted in deleterious alterations in the architecture of testicular tissue, suppressed antioxidant enzymes, and increased H2O2 production, protein carbonyl content, and lipid peroxidation. However, administration of resveratrol at a dose of 50 mg kg/day for 4 successive weeks post diabetic induction, successfully ameliorated the testicular dysfunction. In conclusion, these findings strongly reveal that diabetes induces testicular damage, at least in part, by inducing mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis and oxidative stress. Administration of resveratrol to diabetic rats improves the diabetes-induced testicular damage. These impacts could be mediated through resveratrol antioxidant and anti-apoptotic effects.

The Protective Effect of Metformin against Oxandrolone-Induced Infertility in Male Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdulqader Fadhil Abed ◽  
Yazun Bashir Jarrar ◽  
Hamzeh J Al-Ameer ◽  
Wajdy Al-Awaida ◽  
Su-Jun Lee
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Male Infertility ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Histological Examination ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
P Value ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Rt Pcr

Background: Oxandrolone is a synthetic testosterone analogue that is widely used among bodybuilders and athletes. However, oxandrolone causes male infertility. Recently, it was found that metformin reduces the risk of infertility associated with diabetes mellitus. Aim: This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of metformin against oxandrolone-induced infertility in male rats. Methods: Rats continuously received one of four treatments (n=7) over 14 days: control DMSO administration, oxandrolone administration, metformin administration, or co-administration of oxandrolone and metformin. Doses were equivalent to those used for human treatment. Subsequently, testicular and blood samples were collected for morphological, biochemical, and histological examination. In addition, gene expression of the testosterone synthesizing enzyme CYP11A1 was analyzed in the testes using RT-PCR. Results: Oxandrolone administration induced male infertility by significantly reducing relative weights of testes by 48%, sperm count by 82%, and serum testosterone levels by 96% (ANOVA, P value < 0.05). In addition, histological examination determined that oxandrolone caused spermatogenic arrest which was associated with 2-fold downregulation of testicular CYP11A1 gene expression. However, co-administration of metformin with oxandrolone significantly ameliorated toxicological alterations induced by oxandrolone exposure (ANOVA, P value < 0.05). Conclusion: Metformin administration protected against oxandrolone-induced infertility in male rats. Further clinical studies are needed to confirm the protective effect of metformin against oxandrolone-induced infertility among athletes.

scholarly journals Ameliorative effect of Allium atroviolaceum on sperm quality in cyclophosphamide-treated mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alireza Hosseini ◽  
Mehrdad Shahrani ◽  
Shirin Asgharian ◽  
Maryam Anjomshoa ◽  
Ayoob Rostamzadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Alkylating Agent ◽  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Reproductive Toxicity ◽  
Herbal Drugs ◽  
Sperm Viability ◽  
Complementary Treatment ◽  
Ameliorative Effect ◽  
Alternative Drugs

Abstract Background Cyclophosphamide (CP) is an anti-neoplastic alkylating agent that is extensively used in different chemotherapy regimens. Adverse effects on the reproductive system, especially spermatogenesis, are one of the most important side effects of this drug. It is medically essential to use complementary and alternative drugs. Herbal drugs have long been used as a complementary treatment. Our purpose was to study the effect of hydroalcoholic Allium atroviolaceum L. extract on spermatogenesis in CP-treated mice. Results CP affected a significant decrease in sperm count, motility, viability, and morphology. Sperm count was significantly higher in the all extract groups than in the group of control (p<0.001) and CP group (p<0.001, p<0.01). Sperm motility was significantly greater in the extract (100 and 200mg/kg) groups than in the group of control (p<0.05 and <0.001). Sperm immotility and rotational movement were significantly higher in the CP group than in the CP+extract groups (p<0.001). The sperm viability was significantly greater in the CP+extract (200mg/kg) group than in the CP group (p<0.001). The number of headless sperm, sperm with initial tail, with coiled tail, and sperm with curved body, was significantly lower in the CP+extract (200mg/kg) group than in the CP group (p<0.001). Conclusion A. atroviolaceum extract treatment significantly improved CP-induced reproductive toxicity.

scholarly journals Leptin Responsiveness in Chronically Decerebrate Rats

Endocrinology ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 148 (10) ◽  
pp. 4623-4633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth B. S. Harris ◽  
Timothy J. Bartness ◽  
Harvey J. Grill
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Energy Status ◽  
Lower Serum ◽  
Peripheral Tissues ◽  
Leptin Receptors ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Ad Libitum Intake

Peripheral infusions of physiological doses of leptin decrease body fat mass, but it is not known whether this results from direct effects on peripheral tissue or activation of central leptin receptors. In this study, we infused chronically decerebrate (CD) rats, in which the forebrain was surgically isolated from the caudal brainstem, with 60 μg leptin/d or PBS for 14 d from ip mini-osmotic pumps. The CD rats were tube fed an amount of food equivalent to the intake of ad libitum-fed intact controls or 75% of this amount to account for their reduced energy expenditure. Control rats fed ad libitum or tube fed 75, 100, or 125% of their ad libitum intake also were peripherally infused with leptin or PBS. CD rats had a lower serum testosterone, energy expenditure, and lean body mass compared with controls but had increased levels of adiponectin and leptin and were obese. Leptin increased body fat and decreased energy expenditure during the light period in 100%-fed CD rats, but not 75%-fed CD rats. Leptin decreased body fat of ad libitum- and 100%-fed but not 75%-fed or 125%-fed intact controls. Energy expenditure did not change in any control group. These results show that leptin can change body fat independent of a change in food intake or energy expenditure, that the forebrain normally prevents leptin from inhibiting energy expenditure through mechanisms initiated in the caudal brainstem or peripheral tissues, and that the leptin response in both intact and CD rats is determined by the energy status of the animal.

scholarly journals Gentamicin and amikacin adversely affect male infertility indicated by pharmacological, andrological and pathological evidence

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 218
Author(s):  
Hozaifa K. Elsawah ◽  
Mohamed M. Kandiel ◽  
Aziza A. Amin ◽  
Haitham M. Mokhimar ◽  
AbuBakr M. El Mahmoudy
Keyword(s):  
Male Infertility ◽  
Therapeutic Dose ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Serum Testosterone Level ◽  
Double Dose ◽  
Medication History ◽  
The Third ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Many drugs are implicated in male infertility and screening for medication history is an important for diagnosis and treatment of the problem. The aim is to study amikacin effect on male reproductive system in comparison to gentamicin.Methods: Twenty-five male wister rats weighted 220±20 gm and aged 8 weeks were randomly divided into five groups of five. The first group received gentamicin in dose 18.25 mg/kg/day once daily (OD) (therapeutic dose). The second group received gentamicin with double dose of the first group. The third group received amikacin in dose 54.75 mg/kg/day OD (therapeutic dose). The Fourth group received amikacin with double dose of the third group. However, the fifth group served as a control and received normal saline (NS) OD. All treatments were administered intraperitoneally (IP) for 14 days. On the 15th day, blood samples and reproductive organs were obtained from all animals. Testicular tissues were prepared for genetic testing and chemical and microscopical examination.Results: Amikacin and gentamicin negatively affected reproductive organs weights, sperm parameters, serum follicle stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone (LH) level relative to control (p<0.05). However, serum testosterone level was only affected with gentamicin (p<0.05). A significant difference between gentamicin and amikacin was found in sperm count, testis and epididymis weights and serum testosterone and LH level (p<0.05). Testicular histopathological changes were also found with the two drugs with different degrees. Effects of both gentamicin and amikacin were dose-dependent.Conclusions: Both gentamicin and amikacin adversely affect andrological function that should be monitored and controlled during application of these drugs.

Hypergonadotropism in Peripubertal Boys with Chronic Renal Failure

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 384-389
Author(s):  
Harold K. Marder ◽  
Laxmi S. Srivastava ◽  
Stephen Burstein
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Normal Serum ◽  
Adult Men ◽  
Testicular Dysfunction ◽  
Serum Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Serum Lh ◽  
Serum Gonadotropin

Serum gonadotropin and testosterone concentrations were measured in ten peripubertal boys to assess the effects of uremia on pubertal maturation. Serum luteinizing hormone (LH) concentrations were elevated for stage of puberty in eight boys, whereas in most boys serum follicle-stimulating hormone and testosterone concentrations were normal. Serum LH concentrations correlated with the severity of uremia. LH levels declined when measured 1 year after the initial measurements in four boys who received renal allografts, but were further elevated in two boys who were treated conservatively. Elevated serum LH concentrations in the presence of normal serum testosterone concentrations imply limited testicular sensitivity to the effects of LH in these peripubertal boys, as has been documented for adult men with chronic renal failure. Alternatively, there may be accumulation of an immunoreactive LH molecule that lacks bioactivity. A testicular dysfunction may explain the pubertal delay experienced by some uremic adolescent boys.

scholarly journals Water Blooms—A Potential Threat to Male Reproduction: Clues from Fishes and Rodent

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xu Zhang ◽  
Xinglin Chen ◽  
Tongtong Zhang ◽  
Xiaohan Ren ◽  
Xiang Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Motility ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Male Reproduction ◽  
Response Analysis ◽  
Intragastric Administration ◽  
Testis Weight ◽  
Potential Threat ◽  
Male Reproductive Function ◽  
Short Term Exposure

Abstract Toxic cyanobacteria blooms are a potential threat to global aquatic ecosystems and human health. Microcystin-leucine-arginine (MC-LR) is the most toxic variant of microcystins (MCs), and exposure to MCs can damage the male reproductive system.Two electronic databases were searched for controlled studies of rodents and fishes published before September 2020. Effect sizes were calculated for eight main reproductive parameters, including sperm count, sperm motility, sperm morphology, serum testosterone, testis weight, serum follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), serum luteinising hormone (LH) and serum estradiol. Nine meta-analyses of individual parameters were conducted using R version 4.0.2. Fifteen studies were included in the meta-analysis. In the studies of rodents, exposure to MC-LR by intraperitoneal injection or intragastric administration yielded statistically significant effects on sperm count (standardised mean difference (SMD) = -1.7426 (95% CI: -2.2098 to -1.2754)), abnormal sperm rate (SMD = 1.6714 (95% CI: 0.9702 to 2.3726)), sperm motility (SMD = -2.8822 (95% CI: -3.9811 to -1.7834)), testis weight (SMD = -2.8822 (95% CI: -3.9811 to -1.7834)) and serum FSH (SMD = 0.4707 (95% CI: 0.0659 to 0.8756)). In fish studies, the changes in serum testosterone (SMD = 0.5521 (95% CI: 0.1652; 0.9391)) and estradiol (SMD = 0.6398 (95% CI: 0.1896 to 1.0900)) concentrations are considered to be statistically significant. Dose–response analysis reflected the dynamic changes of male reproductive function caused by MC. Short-term exposure to MC-LR can affect the function of the male reproductive system in rodents and fish. Elevated dosage or extended exposure time may worsen the damage. Human-related research on MC-LR exposure is very necessary to protect health and the water environment.

scholarly journals Effect of Apatyakara Ghrita Followed by Koshtha Shuddhi with Haritakyadi Churna in the Management of Ksheena Shukra w.s.r. to Oligozoospermia: A Case Study

AYUSHDHARA ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 3377-3383
Author(s):  
Devesh Jaiman ◽  
HML Meena ◽  
Bharat Kumar Padhar ◽  
Harish Bhakuni
Keyword(s):  
Male Infertility ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Semen Quality ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
Testicular Dysfunction ◽  
Seminal Parameters ◽  
Associated Symptoms

Oligozoospermia is a condition where sperm count is below 15 million/ml and a common finding which is related to male infertility. Some of the known responsible factors for male infertility are poor semen quality, genetic factors, testicular dysfunction and endocrine inter relationship etc. According to Ayurvedic classics, Oligozoospermia can be correlated with Ksheena Shukra which is due to increased Vata and Pitta Dosha being more prevalent in Madhyama Vayas. According to WHO, in India, the overall prevalence of primary infertility ranges between 3.9% and 16.8%.  Methods: In this study, a male patient aged 40 years was presented with a desire to get a child and other associated symptoms were Daurbalya (weakness), Mukha Shosha (dryness of the mouth), Sadana (loss of rigidity), Shrama (post act exhaustion), Alpachestata (early ejaculation), Maithune Ashakti (problematic or not satisfactory coitus), Rati Anabhimukhata (loss of sexual desire) etc. The patient was managed with Apatyakara Ghrita followed by Koshtha Shuddhi with Haritakyadi Churna. For the assessment of the effect of therapies on sexual parameters, the scoring pattern prepared by Mehra & Singh, 1995 and Seminal Parameters has been adopted. Results and Conclusion: Apatyakara Ghrita is found effective to increase sperm count from 12 million/ ml to 45 million/ml and motility from 20% to 75% and no adverse effect of the adopted management was seen during treatment and even after the 2 months of follow-up.

scholarly journals A review on Pharmacological potential of Berberine; an active component of Himalayan Berberis aristata

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-58
Author(s):  
Vikas Chander ◽  
◽  
J.S. Aswal ◽  
Rajendra Dobhal ◽  
D.P. Uniyal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Active Constituent ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
Benzylisoquinoline Alkaloid ◽  
Ameliorative Effect ◽  
Pharmacological Potential ◽  
Phytochemical Studies ◽  
Protoberberine Alkaloid

Plants have been the basis of many traditional medicines throughout the world for thousands of years and continue to provide new remedies to mankind. They are one of the richest sources of compounds. Berberis aristata is one of the major plants used in Ayurveda for several remedies. It is used as a tonic, alternative, demulscent, diaphoretic and diuretic, and in the treatment of diarrhoea, jaundice, skin diseases, syphilis, chronic rheumatism and urinary disorders. Scientific evidence suggests its versatile biological functions that support its traditional use in the orient. Phytochemical studies shows that plant Berberis aristata contains mainly yellow colored alkaloids Berberine, oxyberberine, berbamine, aromoline, a protoberberine alkaloid karachine, palmatine, oxycanthine and taxilamine and tannins, sugar, starch. Among the several compounds Berberine is main constitute having various pharmacological actions. It is, a benzylisoquinoline alkaloid, occurs as an active constituent in numerous medicinal plants and has an array of pharmacological properties. It has been used in Ayurvedic and Chinese medicine for its antimicrobial, antiprotozoal, antidiarrheal and antitrachoma activity. Moreover, several clinical and preclinical studies demonstrate ameliorative effect of berberine against several disorders including metabolic, neurological and cardiological problems. This review provides a summary regarding the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic features of berberine, with a focus on the different mechanisms underlying its multispectrum activity..

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