scholarly journals Altered Intrinsic Coupling between Functional Connectivity Density and Amplitude of Low-Frequency Fluctuation in Mild Cognitive Impairment with Depressive Symptoms

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaozheng Liu ◽  
Jiuzun Chen ◽  
Bangli Shen ◽  
Gang Wang ◽  
Jiapeng Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Precentral Gyrus ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Functional Connectivity Density ◽  
The Right ◽  
Insight Into

Neuroimaging studies have demonstrated that major depressive disorder increases the risk of dementia in older individuals with mild cognitive impairment. We used resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging to explore the intrinsic coupling patterns between the amplitude and synchronisation of low-frequency brain fluctuations using the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF) and the functional connectivity density (FCD) in 16 patients who had mild cognitive impairment with depressive symptoms (D-MCI) (mean age: 69.6 ± 6.2 years) and 18 patients with nondepressed mild cognitive impairment (nD-MCI) (mean age: 72.1 ± 9.7 years). Coupling was quantified as the correlations between the ALFF values and their associated FCDs. The results showed that the ALFF values in the D-MCI group were higher in the left medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and lower in the right precentral gyrus (preCG), and the FCD values were higher in the left medial temporal gyrus (MTG) than those in the nD-MCI group. Further, correlation analyses demonstrated that, in the D-MCI group, the mPFC was negatively correlated with the MTG. These findings may relate to the characteristics of mood disorders in patients with MCI, and they offer further insight into the neuropathophysiology of MCI with depressive symptoms.

scholarly journals Differential functional connectivity of insular subdivisions in de novo Parkinson’s Disease with mild cognitive impairment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chenxi Pan ◽  
Jingru Ren ◽  
Lanting Li ◽  
Yuqian Li ◽  
Jianxia Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Cognitive Disorders ◽  
The Right

Abstract The insula, consisting of functionally diverse subdivisions, plays a significant role in Parkinson’s disease (PD)-related cognitive disorders. However, the functional connectivity (FC) patterns of insular subdivisions in PD remain unclear. Our aim is to investigate the changes in FC patterns of insular subdivisions and their relationships with cognitive domains. Three groups of participants were recruited in this study, including PD patients with mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI, n = 25), PD patients with normal cognition (PD-NC, n = 13), and healthy controls (HCs, n = 17). Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) was used to investigate the FC in insular subdivisions of the three groups. Moreover, all participants underwent a neuropsychological battery to assess cognition so that the relationship between altered FC and cognitive performance could be elucidated. Compared with the PD-NC group, the PD-MCI group exhibited increased FC between the left dorsal anterior insular (dAI) and the right superior parietal gyrus (SPG), and altered FC was negatively correlated with memory and executive function. Compared with the HC group, the PD-MCI group showed significantly increased FC between the right dAI and the right median cingulate and paracingulate gyri (DCG), and altered FC was positively related to attention/working memory, visuospatial function, and language. Our findings highlighted the different abnormal FC patterns of insular subdivisions in PD patients with different cognitive abilities. Furthermore, dysfunction of the dAI may partly contribute to the decline in executive function and memory in early drug-naïve PD patients.

scholarly journals Mind-Body Exercise Modulates Locus Coeruleus and Ventral Tegmental Area Functional Connectivity in Individuals With Mild Cognitive Impairment

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiao Liu ◽  
Jing Tao ◽  
Rui Xia ◽  
Moyi Li ◽  
Maomao Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Locus Coeruleus ◽  
Ventral Tegmental Area ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Brisk Walking ◽  
Area Functional ◽  
Ventral Tegmental ◽  
The Right

Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a common global health problem. Recently, the potential of mind-body intervention for MCI has drawn the interest of investigators. This study aims to comparatively explore the modulation effect of Baduanjin, a popular mind-body exercise, and physical exercise on the cognitive function, as well as the norepinephrine and dopamine systems using the resting state functional connectivity (rsFC) method in patients with MCI. 69 patients were randomized to the Baduanjin, brisk walking, or healthy education control group for 6 months. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans were applied at baseline and at the end of the experiment. Results showed that (1) compared to the brisk walking, the Baduanjin significantly increased MoCA scores; (2) Baduanjin significantly increased the right locus coeruleus (LC) and left ventral tegmental area (VTA) rsFC with the right insula and right amygdala compared to that of the control group; and the right anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) compared to that of the brisk walking group; (3) the increased right LC-right insula rsFC and right LC-right ACC rsFC were significantly associated with the corresponding MoCA score after 6-months of intervention; (4) both exercise groups experienced an increased effective connectivity from the right ACC to the left VTA compared to the control group; and (5) Baduanjin group experienced an increase in gray matter volume in the right ACC compared to the control group. Our results suggest that Baduanjin can significantly modulate intrinsic functional connectivity and the influence of the norepinephrine (LC) and dopamine (VTA) systems. These findings may shed light on the mechanisms of mind-body intervention and aid the development of new treatments for MCI.

Poorer Theory of Mind in Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment Is Associated with Decreased Functional Connectivity in the Default Mode Network

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Johannes C. Michaelian ◽  
Shantel L. Duffy ◽  
Loren Mowszowski ◽  
Adam J. Guastella ◽  
Donna McCade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Theory Of Mind ◽  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Default Mode ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
The Right

Background: Older adults living with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) not only demonstrate impairments in Theory of Mind (ToM), relative to adults with non-amnestic MCI (naMCI), but are also at a higher risk of developing dementia. Objective: Our primary objective was to ascertain whether default mode network (DMN) functional connectivity was differentially associated with ToM abilities between MCI subgroups. Methods: Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, we investigated alterations in resting-state functional connectivity within the brain’s DMN in a sample of 43 older adults with aMCI (n = 19) and naMCI (n = 24), previously reported to demonstrate poorer ToM abilities. Results: Compared to naMCI, the aMCI subgroup revealed a significant association between poorer ToM performance and reduced functional connectivity between the bilateral temporal pole (TempP) and the left lateral temporal cortex (LTC) (LTC_L-TempP_L: b = –0.06, t(33) = –3.53, p = 0.02; LTC_L-TempP_R: b = –0.07,t(33) = –3.20, p = 0.03); between the right TempP and the dorsal medial prefrontal cortex (dMPFC) (b = –0.04, t(33) = –3.02, p = 0.03) and between the left and right TempP (b = –0.05, t(33) = –3.26, p = 0.03). In the naMCI subgroup, the opposite relationship was present between the bilateral TempP and the left LTC (Combined correlation: r = –0.47, p = 0.02), however, not between the right TempP and the dMPFC (r = –0.14, p = 0.51) or the left and right TempP (r = –0.31, p = 0.14). Conclusion: Our findings suggest that alterations in functional connectivity within the DMN involving temporal and frontal lobe regions are associated with ToM deficits in aMCI.

scholarly journals Correlation Between Gait and Near-Infrared Brain Functional Connectivity Under Cognitive Tasks in Elderly Subjects With Mild Cognitive Impairment

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Liu ◽  
Congcong Huo ◽  
Kuan Lu ◽  
Qianying Liu ◽  
Gongcheng Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Motor Cortex ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Frequency Interval ◽  
Gait Symmetry ◽  
Brain Functional Connectivity

Older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) have a high risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease. Gait performance is a potential clinical marker for the progression of MCI into dementia. However, the relationship between gait and brain functional connectivity (FC) in older adults with MCI remains unclear. Forty-five subjects [MCI group, n = 23; healthy control (HC) group, n = 22] were recruited. Each subject performed a walking task (Task 01), counting backward–walking task (Task 02), naming animals–walking task (Task 03), and calculating–walking task (Task 04). The gait parameters and cerebral oxygenation signals from the left prefrontal cortex (LPFC), right prefrontal cortex (RPFC), left motor cortex (LMC), right motor cortex (RMC), left occipital leaf cortex (LOL), and right occipital leaf cortex (ROL) were obtained simultaneously. Wavelet phase coherence was calculated in two frequency intervals: low frequency (interval I, 0.052–0.145 Hz) and very low frequency (interval II, 0.021–0.052 Hz). Results showed that the FC of RPFC–RMC is significantly lower in interval I in Task 03 compared with that in Task 02 in the MCI group (p = 0.001). Also, the right relative symmetry index (IDpsR) is significantly lower in Task 03 compared with that in Task 02 (p = 0.000). The IDpsR is positively correlated with the FC of RPFC–RMC in interval I in the MCI group (R = 0.205, p = 0.041). The gait symmetry such as left relative symmetry index (IDpsL) and IDpsR is significantly lower in the dual-task (DT) situation compared with the single task in the two groups (p < 0.05). The results suggested that the IDpsR might reflect abnormal change in FC of RPFC–RMC in interval I in the MCI population during Task 03. The gait symmetry is affected by DTs in both groups. The findings of this study may have a pivotal role in the early monitoring and intervention of brain dysfunction among older adults with MCI.

scholarly journals Differences Changes in Cerebellar Functional Connectivity Between Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer's Disease: A Seed-Based Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fanyu Tang ◽  
Donglin Zhu ◽  
Wenying Ma ◽  
Qun Yao ◽  
Qian Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Parietal Lobe ◽  
Inferior Frontal Gyrus ◽  
Superior Frontal Gyrus ◽  
Functional Connections ◽  
The Right

Background: Recent studies have discovered that functional connections are impaired among patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), even at the preclinical stage. The cerebellum has been implicated as playing a role in cognitive processes. However, functional connectivity (FC) among cognitive sub-regions of the cerebellum in patients with AD and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) remains to be further elucidated.Objective: Our study aims to investigate the FC changes of the cerebellum among patients with AD and MCI, compared to healthy controls (HC). Additionally, we explored the role of cerebellum FC changes in the cognitive performance of all subjects.Materials: Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) data from three different groups (28 AD patients, 26 MCI patients, and 30 HC) was collected. We defined cerebellar crus II and lobule IX as seed regions to assess the intragroup differences of cortico-cerebellar connectivity. Bias correlational analysis was performed to investigate the relationship between changes in FC and neuropsychological performance.Results: Compared to HC, AD patients had decreased FC within the caudate, limbic lobe, medial frontal gyrus (MFG), middle temporal gyrus, superior frontal gyrus, parietal lobe/precuneus, inferior temporal gyrus, and posterior cingulate gyrus. Interestingly, MCI patients demonstrated increased FC within inferior parietal lobe, and MFG, while they had decreased FC in the thalamus, inferior frontal gyrus, and superior frontal gyrus. Further analysis indicated that FC changes between the left crus II and the right thalamus, as well as between left lobule IX and the right parietal lobe, were both associated with cognitive decline in AD. Disrupted FC between left crus II and right thalamus, as well as between left lobule IX and right parietal lobe, was associated with attention deficit among subjects with MCI.Conclusion: These findings indicate that cortico-cerebellar FC in MCI and AD patients was significantly disrupted with different distributions, particularly in the default mode networks (DMN) and fronto-parietal networks (FPN) region. Increased activity within the fronto-parietal areas of MCI patients indicated a possible compensatory role for the cerebellum in cognitive impairment. Therefore, alterations in the cortico-cerebellar FC represent a novel approach for early diagnosis and a potential therapeutic target for early intervention.

scholarly journals Traditional Chinese Mind-Body Exercise Baduanjin Modulate Gray Matter and Cognitive Function in Older Adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Brain Imaging Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Guohua Zheng ◽  
Bingzhao Ye ◽  
Rui Xia ◽  
Pingting Qiu ◽  
Moyi Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Angular Gyrus ◽  
Precentral Gyrus ◽  
Brisk Walking ◽  
The Right

Background: Previous studies found traditional Chinese mind-body exercise Baduanjin could modulate cognition of community older adults. Objective: This study aims to investigate the effect of 6 months of Baduanjin exercise on brain structure and cognitive function in older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Methods: The MCI older adults were randomly assigned into either Baduanjin training, brisk walking training or usual physical activity control group. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and Wechsler Memory Scale-Chinese Revised (WMS-CR) were applied to measure gray matter volume (GMV), global cognitive ability and memory at baseline and end of intervention. Results: Compared to usual physical activity, Baduanjin exercise significantly improved MoCA, WMS-CR scores, WMS-MQ, and mental control and comprehension memory subscores of the WMS-CR; significantly increased the GMV in the temporal gyrus, frontal gyrus, parietal gyrus, medial occipital gyrus, cingulate gyrus and angular gyrus after 6 months of intervention. Compared to brisk walking, Baduanjin significantly improved MoCA scores and picture reproduction subscores of memory, and significantly increased the GMV in the right frontal gyrus, precentral gyrus, occipital gyrus. Furthermore, the increased GMV in the right medial temporal gyrus was significantly associated with improvement in the MoCA scores. Conclusion: The present study suggested that regular Baduanjin training could have a positive effect in increasing brain gray matter and improving cognitive function in older adults with MCI.

scholarly journals FUNCTIONAL CONNECTIVITY IN MILD GNITIVE IMPAIRMENT PATIENTS WITH PIB+ AND – BIOMARKERS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline Gonçalves ◽  
Paulo Bazan ◽  
Maria da Graça Martins ◽  
Geraldo Busatto Filho ◽  
Artur Coutinho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Temporal Region ◽  
Functional Compensation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Protein Deposit ◽  
The Right

Background: According to the recent NIA-AA, a probable predictor of Alzheimer’s disease convertor in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is the Aβ protein deposit in PET PIB exam. However, there is a lack of studies investigating functional connectivity in PIB +/- MCI patients. Objectives: to investigate differences in functional connectivity during resting state in MCI patients with PET PIB+ and - biomarkers. Methods: PET PIB+ (N=12 and PIB- (N=12) MCI patients underwent fMRI during resting state using 3 ROIS related to memory (posterior cingulate and bilateral hippocampus). Results: there were significant connectivity differences (p <0.05) between PIB+ and PIB- patients above 80% for right temporal region connectivity regarding left and right temporal region. Conclusions The results suggest that PET PIB+ MCI patients show significant difference in functional connectivity on the right temporal region in relation to left and right hippocampus ROI during the resting state possibly related to functional compensation.

scholarly journals Functional Integrity of Executive Control Network Contributed to Retained Executive Abilities in Mild Cognitive Impairment

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wan Liu ◽  
Li Liu ◽  
Xinxin Cheng ◽  
Honglin Ge ◽  
Guanjie Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Spontaneous Activity ◽  
Executive Control ◽  
Cerebellar Vermis ◽  
Control Network ◽  
Executive Control Network ◽  
Regional Brain ◽  
The Right

Background: Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is considered to be a transitional state between normal aging and Alzheimer's dementia (AD). Recent studies have indicated that executive function (EF) declines during MCI. However, only a limited number of studies have investigated the neural basis of EF deficits in MCI. Herein, we investigate the changes of regional brain spontaneous activity and functional connectivity (FC) of the executive control network (ECN) between high EF and low EF groups.Methods: According to EF composite score (ADNI-EF) from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI), we divided MCI into two groups, including the MCI-highEF group and MCI-lowEF group. Resting-state functional MRI was utilized to investigate the fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (fALFF) and ECN functional connectivity across 23 healthy controls (HC), 11 MCI-highEF, and 14 MCI-lowEF participants. Moreover, a partial correlation analysis was carried out to examine the relationship between altered fALFF or connectivity of the ECN and the ADNI-EF.Results: Compared to HC, the MCI-highEF participants demonstrated increased fALFF in the left superior temporal gyrus (STG), as well as decreased fALFF in the right precentral gyrus, right postcentral gyrus, and left middle frontal gyrus (MFG). The MCI-lowEF participants demonstrated increased fALFF in the cerebellar vermis and decreased fALFF in the left MFG. Additionally, compared to HC, the MCI-highEF participants indicated no significant difference in connectivity of the ECN. Furthermore, the MCI-lowEF participants showed increased ECN FC in the left cuneus and left MFG, as well as decreased ECN functional connectivity in the right parahippocampal gyrus (PHG). Notably, the altered fALFF in the left MFG was positively correlated to ADNI-EF, while the altered fALFF in cerebellar vermis is negatively correlated with ADNI-EF across the two MCI groups and the HC group. Altered ECN functional connectivity in the right PHG is negatively correlated to ADNI-EF, while altered ECN functional connectivity in the left cuneus is negatively correlated to ADNI-EF across the three groups.Conclusions: Our current study demonstrates the presence of different patterns of regional brain spontaneous activity and ECN FC in the MCI-highEF group and MCI-lowEF group. Furthermore, the ECN FC of the MCI-highEF group was not disrupted, which may contribute to retained EF in MCI.

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