scholarly journals Cancer Patients Enrolled in a Smoking Cessation Clinical Trial: Characteristics and Correlates of Smoking Rate and Nicotine Dependence

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Miele ◽  
Morgan Thompson ◽  
Nancy C. Jao ◽  
Ravi Kalhan ◽  
Frank Leone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Nicotine Dependence ◽  
Smoking Rate ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Management Interventions ◽  
Seeking Behavior ◽  
Sectional Analysis

Introduction. A substantial proportion of cancer patients continue to smoke after their diagnosis but few studies have evaluated correlates of nicotine dependence and smoking rate in this population, which could help guide smoking cessation interventions. Aim. This study evaluated correlates of smoking rate and nicotine dependence among 207 cancer patients. Methods. A cross-sectional analysis using multiple linear regression evaluated disease, demographic, affective, and tobacco-seeking correlates of smoking rate and nicotine dependence. Smoking rate was assessed using a timeline follow-back method. The Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence measured levels of nicotine dependence. Results. A multiple linear regression predicting nicotine dependence showed an association with smoking to alleviate a sense of addiction from the Reasons for Smoking scale and tobacco-seeking behavior from the concurrent choice task (p<.05), but not with affect measured by the HADS and PANAS (p>.05). Multiple linear regression predicting prequit showed an association with smoking to alleviate addiction (p<.05). ANOVA showed that Caucasian participants reported greater rates of smoking compared to other races. Conclusions. The results suggest that behavioral smoking cessation interventions that focus on helping patients to manage tobacco-seeking behavior, rather than mood management interventions, could help cancer patients quit smoking.

scholarly journals Association between the Type of Workplace and Lung Function in Copper Miners

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Skoczyńska ◽  
Leszek Gruszczyński ◽  
Anna Wojakowska ◽  
Marek Ścieszka ◽  
Barbara Turczyn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Longitudinal Data Analysis ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Model ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Analysis Software ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sectional Analysis

The aim of the analysis was to retrospectively assess changes in lung function in copper miners depending on the type of workplace. In the groups of 225 operators, 188 welders, and 475 representatives of other jobs, spirometry was performed at the start of employment and subsequently after 10, 20, and 25 years of work. Spirometry Longitudinal Data Analysis software was used to estimate changes in group means for FEV1and FVC. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to assess an association between workplace and lung function. Lung function assessed on the basis of calculation of longitudinal FEV1 (FVC) decline was similar in all studied groups. However, multiple linear regression model used in cross-sectional analysis revealed an association between workplace and lung function. In the group of welders, FEF75 was lower in comparison to operators and other miners as early as after 10 years of work. Simultaneously, in smoking welders, the FEV1/FVC ratio was lower than in nonsmokers (p< 0,05). The interactions between type of workplace and smoking (p< 0,05) in their effect on FVC, FEV1, PEF, and FEF50 were shown. Among underground working copper miners, the group of smoking welders is especially threatened by impairment of lung ventilatory function.

scholarly journals Waterpipe Nicotine Dependence and Depressive Symptoms among Adolescent Waterpipe and Dual Users

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Ahmad Abbadi ◽  
Jawad Alnahar ◽  
Sohaib Zoghoul ◽  
Abdullah Bsoul ◽  
Salameh Alarood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression ◽  
Nicotine Dependence ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Internal Validity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Internal Consistency

Background. Waterpipe nicotine dependence and its association with depressive symptoms and dual usage among adolescents are currently not examined in the literature. Adolescents are a vulnerable population that is susceptible to depression and initiation of tobacco use. We aim, in this novel study, to assess the association between depressive symptoms and waterpipe nicotine dependence among adolescents in Jordan, evaluate the association between waterpipe smoking status (waterpipe smoker vs. dual user) and waterpipe nicotine dependence, and assess the internal validity of the Waterpipe Nicotine Dependence Scale (WNDS). Method. A cross-sectional study among adolescents of grade 9th to 12th in Jordan was conducted through multistage cluster random sampling. The self-reported Arabic Youth Tobacco Use Composite Measure Questionnaire (YTUCM) was used to collect the surveys that include demographic information, smoking status, and the WNDS to assess waterpipe nicotine dependence and depressive symptoms. Multiple linear regression and the t-test were used to analyze the data. Findings. One thousand three hundred and three surveys were collected, of which 1082 were included in the study (443 males and 639 females). 64.9% of the sample were nontobacco users, while 20.1% were waterpipe- (WTP-) only smokers, 11.4% were dual users, and 3.7% were cigarettes-only users. After adjusting for weights, 66.6% were nonsmokers, 19.2% were WTP-only smokers, 10.2% were dual users, and 3.9% were cigarettes-only smokers. Using multiple linear regression, depressive symptoms were significantly associated with WTP nicotine dependence (β 0.618), upon adjusting for confounders. Furthermore, dual users were associated with higher WTP nicotine dependence (β 12.034) compared to WTP-only smokers after adjusting for confounders. Cronbach’s alpha for the WNDS was 0.955. Conclusions. Our study shows that there is a statistically significant association between depressive symptoms and WTP nicotine dependence and higher dependence among dual users compared to WTP-only smokers. The WNDS can be a useful tool to assess WTP nicotine dependence with high internal consistency. However, a longitudinal study is needed to further understand the association and temporality between the depressive symptoms and WTP nicotine dependence. Additionally, research is needed to shorten the WNDS while maintaining high internal consistency and assess the external validity of the WNDS and the short- and long-term consequences of dual usage.

scholarly journals Nicotine dependence of cigarette and heated tobacco users in Japan, 2019: a cross-sectional analysis of the JASTIS Study

2021 ◽  
pp. tobaccocontrol-2020-056237
Author(s):  
Yan Kwan Lau ◽  
Sumiyo Okawa ◽  
Rafael Meza ◽  
Kota Katanoda ◽  
Takahiro Tabuchi
Keyword(s):  
Nicotine Dependence ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Past ◽  
Cross Sectional Analysis ◽  
Binomial Regression ◽  
Sectional Analysis ◽  
Prevalence Ratios ◽  
Min Cut

ObjectivesJapan is currently the biggest market of heated tobacco products (HTPs) in the world. Little is known about nicotine dependence among HTP users. Thus, the objective was to assess the association of type of tobacco use and time-to-first-use, a marker of nicotine dependence.MethodsA cross-sectional analysis of the 2019 data from an internet cohort study was conducted. The analytical sample consisted of 2147 current (≥1 day use in the past 30 days) HTP and/or conventional cigarette users, aged 25+ years. Marginal structural binomial regression was used to estimate nicotine dependence prevalence ratios (PRs) for each category of tobacco use (exclusive daily cigarette, exclusive HTP (≥1 day), dual HTP+daily cigarette, dual HTP+non-daily cigarette), relative to exclusive, non-daily cigarette smoking.ResultsUsing a 5 min cut-off for time-to-first-use, the prevalence of nicotine dependence was higher among dual users of HTP and daily cigarettes (PR=1.38; 95% CI: 1.05 to 1.82) and exclusive, daily cigarette users (PR=1.48; 95% CI: 1.15 to 1.91), relative to exclusive, non-daily cigarette users. However, nicotine dependence among exclusive HTP users, and dual HTP+non-daily cigarette users, did not differ from that of exclusive, non-daily cigarette users. When using 15 and 30 min cut-offs, all types of users, including exclusive HTP, had higher levels of nicotine dependence relative to exclusive, non-daily cigarette users.ConclusionsRegardless of HTP use, daily cigarette users had higher prevalence of nicotine dependence compared with non-daily cigarette users. Exclusive HTP users had similar (or potentially higher) dependence compared with exclusive, non-daily cigarette users. Longitudinal studies are needed to interrogate the public health implications of growing HTP use worldwide.

Musculoskeletal symptoms, psychosocial factors and work ability in Brazilian labor justice workers

Work ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Fauzi El Kadri Filho ◽  
Tha&ıs Moreira São-João ◽  
Neusa Maria Costa Alexandre ◽  
Sergio Roberto de Lucca ◽  
Cristiane Helena Gallasch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression ◽  
Psychosocial Factors ◽  
Work Ability ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Model ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Musculoskeletal Symptoms ◽  
Judicial Process ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Important Relationship

BACKGROUND: The implementation of the electronic judicial process (PJe) in recent years is associated with an increase in workload and stricter control through productivity targets in the Brazilian labor judiciary. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the relations between musculoskeletal symptoms, psychosocial factors and work ability in civil servants of a labor justice body in the context of the PJe. METHODS: A cross-sectional exploratory study with a quantitative approach involving 449 workers. Sociodemographic, occupational and related data were collected through questionnaires validated in the Brazilian context. Data analysis was conducted by descriptive and inferential statistics: Mann-Whitney test, Spearman’s correlation coefficient and multiple linear regression. RESULTS: There was a correlation between musculoskeletal symptoms and psychosocial factors (p <  0.05), as well as between both musculoskeletal symptoms and psychosocial factors with reduced work ability (p <  0.05). The multiple linear regression model pointed to the female gender and the dimensions “demands”, “control” and “peer support” as related to the musculoskeletal symptoms. CONCLUSION: We highlight the importance of a broader approach, involving psychosocial factors in preventive actions related to musculoskeletal disorders considering the important relationship with work ability.

scholarly journals Isotonic quadriceps endurance is better associated with daily physical activity than quadriceps strength and power in COPD: an international multicentre cross-sectional trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik Frykholm ◽  
Sarah Gephine ◽  
Didier Saey ◽  
Arthur Lemson ◽  
Peter Klijn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Quadriceps Strength ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Quadriceps Function ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Models

AbstractKnowledge about modifiable determinants of daily physical activity (PA) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is crucial to design effective PA interventions. The present study aimed to determine the contribution of quadriceps strength, power and endurance to daily PA in COPD. Additionally, for quadriceps endurance, we also aimed to determine to what extent the association varies according to the mode of movement (isotonic, isometric, or isokinetic). Using a multicentre cross-sectional trial design we determined the contribution of quadriceps function to daily PA (steps, sedentary time and time spent doing moderate-to-very-vigorous physical activity [MVPA]) using bivariate and partial Pearson correlation analysis (r) and multiple linear regression models (ΔR2). Pre-determined controlling factors were sex, age, body mass index (BMI), COPD-assessment test, forced expiratory volume in one second in percent of the predicted value (FEV1pred), and distance walked on the 6-minute walk test. Eighty-one patients with COPD (mean ± SD: age 67 ± 8 years, FEV1pred 57 ± 19%, daily steps 4968 ± 3319, daily sedentary time 1016 ± 305 min, and MVPA time 83 ± 45 min) were included. Small to moderate bivariate correlations (r = .225 to .452, p < .05) were found between quadriceps function and measures of PA. The best multiple linear regression models explained 38–49% of the variance in the data. Isotonic endurance was the only muscle contributor that improved all PA models; daily steps (ΔR2 = .04 [relative improvement 13%] p = .026), daily sedentary time (ΔR2 = .07 [23%], p = .005) and MVPA-minutes (ΔR2 = .08 [20%], p = .001). Isotonic endurance was also independently associated with most PA variables, even when controlling for strength, power or isometric-isokinetic endurance properties of the muscle (r = .246 to .384, p < .05). In contrast, neither strength, power, isometric-or isokinetic endurance properties of the muscle was independently associated with PA measures when controlling for isotonic endurance (r = .037 to .219, p > .05). To conclude, strength, power, and endurance properties of the quadriceps were low to moderately associated with PA in patients with COPD. Isotonic quadriceps endurance was the only quadriceps property that was independently associated with the different measures of PA after controlling for a basic set of known determinants of PA, quadriceps strength or power, or isometric or isokinetic quadriceps endurance. Future longitudinal studies should investigate its potential as a modifiable determinant of PA.

scholarly journals Prevalence of asymptomatic hyperuricemia and its association with prediabetes, dyslipidemia and subclinical inflammation markers among young healthy adults in Qatar

2022 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasemin Al Shanableh ◽  
Yehia Y. Hussein ◽  
Abdul Haseeb Saidwali ◽  
Maryam Al-Mohannadi ◽  
Budoor Aljalham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Uric Acid Level ◽  
Acid Level ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Subclinical Inflammation ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Aim The aim of this study is to investigate the prevalence of asymptomatic hyperuricemia in Qatar and to examine its association with changes in markers of dyslipidemia, prediabetes and subclinical inflammation. Methods A cross-sectional study of young adult participants aged 18 - 40 years old devoid of comorbidities collected between 2012 and 2017. Exposure was defined as uric acid level, and outcomes were defined as levels of different blood markers. De-identified data were collected from Qatar Biobank. T-tests, correlation tests and multiple linear regression were all used to investigate the effects of hyperuricemia on blood markers. Statistical analyses were conducted using STATA 16. Results The prevalence of asymptomatic hyperuricemia is 21.2% among young adults in Qatar. Differences between hyperuricemic and normouricemic groups were observed using multiple linear regression analysis and found to be statistically and clinically significant after adjusting for age, gender, BMI, smoking and exercise. Significant associations were found between uric acid level and HDL-c p = 0.019 (correlation coefficient -0.07 (95% CI [-0.14, -0.01]); c-peptide p = 0.018 (correlation coefficient 0.38 (95% CI [0.06, 0.69]) and monocyte to HDL ratio (MHR) p = 0.026 (correlation coefficient 0.47 (95% CI [0.06, 0.89]). Conclusions Asymptomatic hyperuricemia is prevalent among young adults and associated with markers of prediabetes, dyslipidemia, and subclinical inflammation.

scholarly journals Kinerja Karyawan Industri Manufaktur Perkayuan Kaitannya dengan Kelelahan Kerja (Burnout) dan Disiplin Kerja.

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Muhammad Taufik S Gunawan ◽  
Sumiyati Sumiyati ◽  
Masharyono Masharyono
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Employee Performance ◽  
Survey Methods ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Measurement Tools ◽  
One Year

Objective of this research is to determine the effect of burnout and work discipline on employee performance. This research was conducted in a span of less than one year, so the research design used was a cross-sectional method. This study uses a descriptive and verification approach with explanatory survey methods. A total of 100 respondents were selected as samples using probability sampling. The research questionnaire is used as a research instrument to collect data from respondents, and the data analysis technique used is multiple linear regression. The findings of this research is work fatigue (burnout) and work discipline have a significant influence on employee performance.  Differences found in objects and research methods, population and research samples, research periods, measurement tools and research results, and sources of theory from foreign journals and foreign books

scholarly journals The association of circulating irisin with metabolic risk factors in Chinese adults: a cross-sectional community-based study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lizhi Tang ◽  
Yuzhen Tong ◽  
Fang Zhang ◽  
Guilin Chen ◽  
Yun Cong Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Metabolic Parameters ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Fasting Insulin ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sectional Analysis ◽  
Overweight Subjects

Abstract Background Irisin is a myokine that leads to increased energy expenditure by stimulating the browning of white adipose tissue. We aimed to investigate the association of serum irisin levels with metabolic parameters in middle aged Chinese population. Methods The study was based on a cross-sectional analysis of data from 524 nondiabetic subjects aged 40~65. All participants were recruited from a screening survey for Metabolic Syndrome in a community in Southwest China, including 294 subjects categorized as overweight (defined as BMI≧25 kg/m2 ) and 230 subjects as normal control (defined as 18.5≦BMI<25 kg/m2). Serum irisin concentration was quantified by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The relationship of irisin with metabolic factors was determined by Pearson correlation. Multivariate linear regression was used to analyze the association of irisin with insulin resistance. Logistic regression was performed to assess the association of irisin with odds of overweight. Results Serum irisin levels were significantly lower in nondiabetic overweight subjects compared with control (11.46 ± 4.11vs14.78 ± 7.03µg/mL, p = 0.02). Circulating irisin was positively correlated with quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI, r = 0.178, p = 0.045) and triglycerides (r = 0.149, p = 0.022); while irisin was negatively correlated with waist circumference (WC, r = -0.185, p = 0.037), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR, r = -0.176, p = 0.047), fasting insulin (r = -0.2, p = 0.024), serum creatinine (r = -0.243, p = 0.006), homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR, r = -0.189, p = 0.033). Multiple linear regression showed that irisin was inversely associated with HOMA-IR (β = -0.342 ± 0.154, p = 0.029). Higher irisin was associated with decreased odds of being overweight (OR = 0.281, β = -1.271, p = 0.024). Conclusions We found that serum irisin levels were lower in overweight subjects. Moreover, serum irisin levels were inversely correlated with adverse metabolic parameters including WC, WHR, creatinine, HOMA-IR and fasting insulin, suggesting that irisin may play a role in obesity related insulin resistance.

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