scholarly journals Surface Morphology Study of Chemical Vapor Transport of ZnO Crystals

Scanning ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Long Fan ◽  
Jia Li ◽  
Dawei Yan ◽  
Liping Peng ◽  
Tao Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grown Crystal ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Vapor Transport ◽  
Chemical Vapor Transport ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Vapor Interface ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Thermal Etching ◽  
Scanning Electron

A chemical vapor transport (CVT) method was implemented to grow bulk ZnO crystals. X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and optical microscope (OM) studies were carried out to characterize the surface properties of the grown crystal. The XRD result indicated the exposed solid-vapor interface of the as-grown crystal was composed of (0001) and {101-1} faces. Using SEM and OM, we observed small hexagonal pyramids and microstructures formed of crosslines on the as-grown crystal and found hexagonal thermal etching pits on the surfaces of seed crystals. The formation, evolution, and distribution mechanisms of the microstructures were investigated.

Synthesis and Characterization of FeO+ Nanosheets

2013 ◽  
Vol 544 ◽  
pp. 148-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Guo ◽  
Cai Xia Li ◽  
Lin Zhang ◽  
Jin Feng Xia ◽  
Danyu Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colloidal Suspension ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
Butyl Alcohol ◽  
Vapor Transport ◽  
Chemical Vapor Transport ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Selected Area Electron Diffraction ◽  
Transmission Electron

The layered FeOCl has been synthesized from Fe2O3 and FeCl3 by chemical vapor transport technique at 380°C., and an intercalation of sodium benzoate into as-synthesized FeOCl was conduct. After the intercalation composites were sonicated for 4 h in butyl alcohol, the colloidal suspension of layered iron oxide nanosheets was obtained. The FeOCl and the intercalation composites were analyzed by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD). Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) was also used to characterize the morphologies of the FeO+ Nanosheets. Except to this, the selected area electron diffraction was also performed to examine the iron nanosheets.

scholarly journals Crystal Growth of the Quasi-2D Quarternary Compound AgCrP2S6 by Chemical Vapor Transport

Crystals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 500
Author(s):  
Sebastian Selter ◽  
Yuliia Shemerliuk ◽  
Bernd Büchner ◽  
Saicharan Aswartham
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Growth ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Vapor Transport ◽  
Chemical Vapor Transport ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Monoclinic Symmetry ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Low Dimensional

We report optimized crystal growth conditions for the quarternary compound AgCrP2S6 by chemical vapor transport. Compositional and structural characterization of the obtained crystals were carried out by means of energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and powder X-ray diffraction. AgCrP2S6 is structurally closely related to the M2P2S6 family, which contains several compounds that are under investigation as 2D magnets. As-grown crystals exhibit a plate-like, layered morphology as well as a hexagonal habitus. AgCrP2S6 crystallizes in monoclinic symmetry in the space group P2/a (No. 13). The successful growth of large high-quality single crystals paves the way for further investigations of low dimensional magnetism and its anisotropies in the future and may further allow for the manufacturing of few-layer (or even monolayer) samples by exfoliation.

Composition Dependent Band Gaps of Single Crystal Cu2ZnSn(SxSe1-x)4 Solid Solutions

2012 ◽  
Vol 194 ◽  
pp. 139-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Ping Wang ◽  
Sergiu Levcenco ◽  
Dumitru O. Dumcenco ◽  
Ying Sheng Huang ◽  
Ching Hwa Ho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solutions ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
Vapor Transport ◽  
Band Gaps ◽  
Chemical Vapor Transport ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Vegard’S Law ◽  
Diffraction Patterns ◽  
Transport Technique

Single crystals of Cu2ZnSn(SxSe1-x)4(CZTSSe) solid solutions have deen grown by chemical vapor transport technique using ICl3as a transport agent. Analyzing the X-ray diffraction patterns reveal that the as-grown CZTSSe solid solutions are crystallized in kesterite structure and the lattice parameters are determined. The S contents of the obtained crystals are estimated by Vegard’s law. The composition dependent band gaps of CZTSSe solid solutions are studied by electrolyte electroreflectance (EER) techniques. The band gaps of CZTSSe are evaluated by a lineshape fit of the EER spectra and are found to increase almost linearly with the increase of S content.

OMCVD of thin films from metal diketonates and triphenylbismuth

1990 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 1169-1175 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. D. Berry ◽  
R. T. Holm ◽  
M. Fatemi ◽  
D. K. Gaskill
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Vapor Deposition ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Electron Spectroscopy ◽  
Auger Electron ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Strontium Barium ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Scanning Electron

Films containing the metals copper, yttrium, calcium, strontium, barium, and bismuth were grown by organometallic chemical vapor deposition (OMCVD). Depositions were carried out at atmospheric pressure in an oxygen-rich environment using metal beta-diketonates and triphenylbismuth. The films were characterized by Auger electron spectroscopy, Nomarski and scanning electron microscopy, and x-ray diffraction. The results show that films containing yttrium consisted of Y2O3 with a small amount of carbidic carbon, those with copper and bismuth were mixtures of oxides with no detectable carbon, and those with calcium, strontium, and barium contained carbonates. Use of a partially fluorinated barium beta-diketonate gave films of BaF2 with small amounts of BaCO3.

Interaction between Two Ni-Base Alloys and Ceramic Moulds

2013 ◽  
Vol 747-748 ◽  
pp. 765-771 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Sheng Yao ◽  
Ding Zhong Tang ◽  
Xiao Guang Liu ◽  
Cheng Bo Xiao ◽  
Xin Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solution ◽  
Interface Reaction ◽  
Vapour Phase ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Solution Phase ◽  
Solid Solution Phase ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Reaction Surfaces

The interfacial reactions between ceramic moulds and DZ417G and DZ125 superalloys were investigated. The microstructure and composition of the interface region were observed by optical microscope, X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope with energy dispersive spectroscopy. The results showed that (Al1-xCrx)2O3solid solution phase with pink color was formed from the dissolution of Cr2O3and Al2O3and vapour phase, which was transferred to the reaction surfaces. The reaction layer thicknesses of DZ417G and DZ125 alloys were about in the range of 40-50μm. The interface reaction product between DZ417G alloy and ceramic mould was TiO2and the product between DZ125 alloy and ceramic mould was HfO2.

scholarly journals Effect of CNT Contents on the Microstructure and Properties of CNT/TiMg Composites

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 1620
Author(s):  
Xiaomin Yuan ◽  
Haonan Zhu ◽  
Huiling Ji ◽  
Yiwei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Solution Phase ◽  
Solid Solution Phase ◽  
Wet Milling ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Microstructure Observation ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Scanning Electron

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs), dispersed in absolute ethanol, were evenly mixed into Ti/MgH2 powders by wet milling. Then, we applied the vacuum hot-pressed sinteringmethod to the CNTs/TiMg composite materials. An optical microscope (OM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and a field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) were used for the microstructure observation and phase analysis of samples. The mechanical properties were measured via the micro-vickers hardness. The results show that the main phases in the composites were Ti, Mg and C. Meanwhile, a small amount of Ti-Mg solid solution phase was also found. The cross-section morphology of the composites shows that the melted magnesium fills the grain interface during extrusion and that the composites have a better compactness.The microstructures of the composites have been greatly refined as the CNT contents increased. The structure of the composites was further refined when 0.5 wt.% CNTs were added. The fracture surface is obviously a ductile fracture. The microhardness increases obviously with the CNT content increasing. When the content of the CNTs is 1.0 wt.%, the microhardness of the composites reaches 232 HV, which is 24% higher than that of the matrix.

A Simple Method for Controlling the Morphology of CuO Nanostructures by Droplet

2012 ◽  
Vol 535-537 ◽  
pp. 280-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Ran An ◽  
Feng Shi Cai ◽  
Xue Wei Wang ◽  
Zhi Hao Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Growth Mechanisms ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Hydrophobic Substrate ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Shape Selective ◽  
Scanning Electron

Different morphology CuO nanostructures, including platelets, flower-like were simply synthesized at 350 °C controlled by droplet on hydrophobic substrate. This is a simple method which does not require any template, catalyst, or surfactant but can control the morphology of CuO from platelets to flowerlike. The morphologies are strongly dependent on the volume of droplet. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Optical microscope and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to observe the morphology, crystallinity, and chemical composition of the CuO structures. Growth mechanisms for shape selective CuO synthesis were proposed based on these results.

Preparation of Plate-Like Bulk Beta Iron-Disilicide Crystals Using Metal to Semiconductor Phase Transition by Heat Treatment

2002 ◽  
Vol 749 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masato Osamura ◽  
Hidetaka Ishihara ◽  
Zhengxin Liu ◽  
Hisao Tanoue ◽  
Shirou. Sakuragi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
Chemical Vapor Transport ◽  
Annealing Duration ◽  
Bulk Crystals ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Flat Surfaces ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Micro Analysis

ABSTRACTPlate-like β-FeSi2 bulk crystals with size of 10×10 mm2 and thickness of 1 mm were fabricated by annealing CVT (chemical vapor transport)-grown plate-like α-Fe2Si5 at 800°C in Ar atmosphere. Before annealing, α-Fe2Si5 crystals were characterized by x-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to be single crystals with flat surfaces. XRD measurements of β-FeSi2 crystals subjected to annealing showed that they had a po lycrystalline structure. The mean Fe/Si co mposit ion rat io of β-FeSi2 crystal measured by energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX) was 31/69 and it was the same as that of α-Fe2Si5 bulk crystal before annealing. SEM, Raman scattering and electron probe micro-analysis (EPMA) measurements identified that there existed small Si precipitates mixed in the matrix of β-FeSi2 crystals. At annealing temperature of 800°C, the plate-like β-FeSi2 bulk was obtained even the annealing duration time was as short as 5 hours.

scholarly journals Single crystals of SnTe3O8 in the millimetre range grown by chemical vapor transport reactions

2021 ◽  
Vol 77 (12) ◽  
pp. 1-0
Author(s):  
Michael Ketter ◽  
Matthias Weil
Keyword(s):  
Current Model ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
Chemical Vapor Transport ◽  
Site Symmetry ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Acta Cryst ◽  
X Ray ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Degree Of Similarity ◽  
Very High

Tin(IV) trioxidotellurate(IV), SnTe3O8, is a member of the isotypic M IVTeIV 3O8 (M = Ti, Zr, Hf, Sn) series crystallizing with eight formula units per unit cell in space group Ia\overline{3}. In comparison with the previous crystal structure model of SnTe3O8 based on powder X-ray diffraction data [Meunier & Galy (1971). Acta Cryst. B27, 602–608], the current model based on single-crystal X-ray data is improved in terms of precision and accuracy. Nearly regular [SnO6] octahedra (Sn site symmetry .\overline{3}.) are situated in the voids of an oxidotellurate(IV) framework built up by corner-sharing [TeO4] bisphenoids (Te site symmetry 2..). A quantitative structural comparison revealed a very high degree of similarity for the structures with M = Ti, Zr, Sn in the M IVTe3O8 series.

scholarly journals Studying the Microstructure of Al-Ti Alloy Prepared by Powder Metallurgy using Three Different Percentages of Ti

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 132-139
Author(s):  
Sahib Mohammed Mahdi ◽  
Nadia Ghadhanfer Hikmat ◽  
Dalmn Yaseen Taha
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Powder Metallurgy ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Ti Alloy ◽  
Micro Hardness ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Alloy Properties ◽  
Ti Content ◽  
Scanning Electron

The effect of different Ti additions on the microstructure of Al-Ti alloy prepared by powder metallurgy was investigated. A certain amount of Ti (10wt%, 15wt%, and 20wt%) were added to aluminium and the tests like microhardness, density, scanning electron microscope (SEM), optical microscope (OM) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) were conducted to determine the influence of different Ti additives on the Al-Ti alloy properties and microstructure. The results show that the grains of α-Al changed from large grains to roughly spherical and then to small rounded grains with increasing Ti content, the micro-hardness of the alloy increases with increasing Ti, and XRD results confirm the formation of TiAl3 intermetallic compound during sintering.

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