scholarly journals Antiviral Activities of Mulberry (Morus alba) Juice and Seed against Influenza Viruses

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyojin Kim ◽  
Mi Sook Chung
Keyword(s):  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Antiviral Effect ◽  
Morus Alba ◽  
Influenza Viruses ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Antiviral Activities ◽  
2009 H1n1 ◽  
Infected Cells ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Dose Dependent

Antiviral activities of Morus alba (MA) juice and seed were examined using time-of-addition plaque assays against influenza viruses, A/Brisbane/59/2007 (H1N1) (BR59), pandemic A/Korea/01/2009(H1N1) (KR01), A/Brisbane/10/2007(H3N2) (BR10), and B/Florida/4/2006 (FL04). MA juice (MAJ) showed much higher antiviral activity than MA seed (MAS). In the pre- and cotreatment of virus, MAJ showed antiviral effects against BR59, KR01, and FL04 in a dose-dependent manner. In particular, MAJ at 4% concentration exhibited 1.3 log inhibition in the pre- and cotreatment of the virus against FL04, a type B virus. However, little or weak inhibition was observed in the posttreatment of MAJ. GSH levels in the virus-infected cells were also examined. The decreased levels by the viral infection were restored significantly by the addition of MAJ. MAJ also exhibited significant DPPH radical scavenging and ferric ion-reducing activities in a dose-dependent manner. Cyanidin-3-rutinoside, the most abundant polyphenol compound of MAJ identified by LC-MS in this study, showed weak inhibitory effects against FL04 in the pretreatment, whereas gallic acid, a minor compound of MAJ, revealed significant antiviral effect. These results suggest that MAJ can be developed as a novel plant-derived antiviral against influenza viruses.

scholarly journals Assessment of Morus alba (mulberry) leaves extract for anti-psychotic effect in rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 2130
Author(s):  
Sriharsha Rayam ◽  
Babasaheb Laxmansing Kudagi ◽  
Madhavulu Buchineni ◽  
Rama Mohan Pathapati ◽  
Mallikarjuna Rao Immidisetty
Keyword(s):  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Morus Alba ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Protective Agent ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Anti Psychotic ◽  
Eye Infections ◽  
White Mulberry ◽  
Dose Dependent

Background: Morus alba commonly known as white mulberry has been widely cultivated to feed silkworms. This widely grown plant has been in use by tribals of this country for ailments such as asthma, cough, bronchitis, edema, insomnia, wound healing, diabetes, influenza, eye infections and nose bleeds. Various parts of morus alba linn are used as an cardioprotective, hepatoprotective anti-inflammatory, hypoglycemic, free radical scavenging activity and neuro-protective agent. In this study, anti-psychotic property of M. alba leaves extract (MAE) was evaluated by Haloperidol induced catalepsy model in rats.Methods: In this study Haloperidol induced catalepsy model was used to evaluate antipsychotic effects in rats. Haloperidol (1 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally to rats (n=6) pretreated with vehicle (0.5 mg/kg, i.p.) or MAE (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg, i.p).Results: In control treated animals, haloperidol produced the maximum catalepsy at 90 min 212.66 ±10.23. In animals treated with MAE at dose of 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg significantly potentiated haloperidol induced catalepsy at each time interval, in a dose dependent manner. At dose 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg, animals treated with MAE showed maximum cataleptic score of 228.33±12.29, 265.66±7.33 and 274.16±8.86 respectively at 120 min (p<0.001).Conclusions: Results indicate that the MAE have anti-psychotic effects in haloperidol induced catalepsy model in rats.

scholarly journals Monitoring the Antiviral Effect of Alpha Interferon on Individual Cells

2007 ◽  
Vol 81 (16) ◽  
pp. 8814-8820 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chon Saeng Kim ◽  
Jong Ha Jung ◽  
Takaji Wakita ◽  
Seung Kew Yoon ◽  
Sung Key Jang
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescent Protein ◽  
Antiviral Agents ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
Antiviral Effect ◽  
Infectious Hepatitis ◽  
Alpha Interferon ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Infected Cells ◽  
Green Fluorescent ◽  
Dose Dependent

ABSTRACT An infectious hepatitis C virus (HCV) cDNA clone (JFH1) was generated recently. However, quantitative analysis of HCV infection and observation of infected cells have proved to be difficult because the yield of HCV in cell cultures is fairly low. We generated infectious HCV clones containing the convenient reporters green fluorescent protein (GFP) and Renilla luciferase in the NS5a-coding sequence. The new viruses responded to antiviral agents in a dose-dependent manner. Responses of individual cells containing HCV to alpha interferon (IFN-α) were monitored using GFP-tagged HCV and time-lapse confocal microscopy. Marked variations in the response to IFN-α were observed among HCV-containing cells.

scholarly journals Antiprotozoan and Antiviral Activities of Non-Cytotoxic Truncated and Variant Analogues of Mussel Defensin

2004 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philippe Roch ◽  
Alain Beschin ◽  
Eric Bernard
Keyword(s):  
Leishmania Major ◽  
Marine Invertebrates ◽  
3D Structure ◽  
Amino Acid Replacement ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal Activities ◽  
Mediterranean Mussel ◽  
Antiviral Activities ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal ◽  
Dose Dependent

We previously reported the crucial role displayed by loop 3 of defensin isolated from the Mediterranean mussel,Mytilus galloprovincialis, in antibacterial and antifungal activities. We now investigated antiprotozoan and antiviral activities of some previously reported fragments B, D, E, P and Q. Two fragments (D and P) efficiently killedTrypanosoma brucei(ID50 4–12 μM) andLeishmania major(ID50 12–45 μM) in a time/dose-dependent manner. Killing ofT. bruceistarted as early as 1 h after initiation of contact with fragment D and reached 55% mortality after 6 h. Killing was temperature dependent and a temperature of 4°C efficiently impaired the ability to killT. brucei. Fragments bound to the entire external epithelium ofT. brucei. Prevention of HIV-1 infestation was obtained only with fragments P and Q at 20 μM. Even if fragment P was active on both targets, the specificity of fragments D and Q suggest that antiprotozoan and antiviral activities are mediated by different mechanisms. Truncated sequences of mussel defensin, including amino acid replacement to maintain 3D structure and increased positive net charge, also possess antiprotozoan and antiviral capabilities. New alternative and/or complementary antibiotics can be derived from the vast reservoir of natural antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) contained in marine invertebrates.

scholarly journals The Antiviral Effect of Novel Steroidal Derivatives on Flaviviruses

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luping Zhang ◽  
Dengyuan Zhou ◽  
Qiuyan Li ◽  
Shuo Zhu ◽  
Muhammad Imran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiviral Effect ◽  
Therapeutic Drug ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Design And Synthesis ◽  
Invasion Stage ◽  
Synthetic Derivatives ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
The Brain

Flaviviruses are the major emerging arthropod-borne pathogens globally. However, there is still no practical anti-flavivirus approach. Therefore, existing and emerging flaviviruses desperately need active broad-spectrum drugs. In the present study, the antiviral effect of steroidal dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and 23 synthetic derivatives against flaviviruses such as Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), Zika virus (ZIKV), and Dengue virus (DENV) were appraised by examining the characteristics of virus infection both in vitro and in vivo. Our results revealed that AV1003, AV1004 and AV1017 were the most potent inhibitors of flavivirus propagation in cells. They mainly suppress the viral infection in the post-invasion stage in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, orally administered compound AV1004 protected mice from lethal JEV infection by increasing the survival rate and reducing the viral load in the brain of infected mice. These results indicate that the compound AV1004 might be a potential therapeutic drug against JEV infection. These DHEA derivatives may provide lead scaffolds for further design and synthesis of potential anti-flavivirus potential drugs.

scholarly journals Kahweol Exerts Skin Moisturizing Activities by Upregulating STAT1 Activity

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (16) ◽  
pp. 8864
Author(s):  
Hongxi Chen ◽  
Mohammad Amjad Hossain ◽  
Jong-Hoon Kim ◽  
Jae Youl Cho
Keyword(s):  
Proper Time ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction Analysis ◽  
Luciferase Assay ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Radical Scavenging Ability ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Dose Dependent

Kahweol is a diterpene present in coffee. Until now, several studies have shown that kahweol has anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenic functions. Due to the limited research available about skin protection, this study aims to discern the potential abilities of kahweol and the possible regulation targets. First, the cytotoxicity of kahweol was checked by 3-4-5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2-5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay, while 2,20-azino-bis (3ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) diammonium salt and 1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl were used to examine the radical scavenging ability. Polymerase chain reaction analysis was performed to explore the proper time points and doses affecting skin hydration and barrier-related genes. Luciferase assay and Western blotting were used to explore the possible transcription factors. Finally, fludarabine (a STAT1 inhibitor) was chosen to discern the relationship between skin-moisturizing factors and STAT1. We found that HaCaT cells experienced no toxicity from kahweol, and kahweol displayed moderate radical scavenging ability. Moreover, kahweol increased the outcome of HAS1, HAS2, occludin, and TGM-1 from six hours in a dose-dependent manner as well as the activation of STAT1 from six hours. Additionally, kahweol recovered the suppression of HAS2, STAT1-mediated luciferase activity, and HA secretion, which was all downregulated by fludarabine. In this study, we demonstrated that kahweol promotes skin-moisturizing activities by upregulating STAT1.

scholarly journals Antioxidant And Antibacterial Activity Of Methanolic Extract Of Machilus Odoratissima

1970 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amit Subedi ◽  
Mohan Prasad Amatya ◽  
Tirtha Maiya Shrestha ◽  
Shyam Kumar Mishra ◽  
Bharat Mani Pokhrel
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Deoxy Sugar ◽  
Radical Method ◽  
Dose Dependent

The methanol extract of the bark of Machilus odoratissima was subjected to investigate its antioxidant and antibacterial properties. The phytochemical screening demonstrated the presence of different types of compound like terpenoids, tannins, deoxy sugar, saponins and phenolic compounds. The methanol extract of the plant was tested for antioxidant activity using scavenging activity of DPPH(1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazil) radical method and antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli & Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria using cup plate method. The extract exhibited high free radical scavenging activity. IC50 was found to be 3.37μg/ml. Antibacterial activity was observed against S. aureus in dose dependent manner DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/kuset.v8i1.6045 KUSET 2012; 8(1): 73-80

scholarly journals Identification of Diphenoxylate as an Antiviral Agent Against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Soo Shin ◽  
Eunhye Jung ◽  
Yejin Jang ◽  
Soo Bong Han ◽  
Meehyein Kim
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Antiviral Treatment ◽  
Antiviral Agent ◽  
Selectivity Index ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
S Protein ◽  
Chemical Derivatives ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Infected Cells ◽  
Dose Dependent

This is the first report to show that diphenoxylate is highly active against SARS-CoV-2 with EC<sub>50</sub> of 1.4 μM, CC<sub>50</sub> over 100 μM and selectivity index over 71.4 after screening of 14 diphenyl derivatives. Our results with highly purified solid diphenoxylate confirmatively demonstrate that the viral S protein is reduced in the virus-infected cells in a dose-dependent manner. It could provide insights for antiviral treatment of COVID-19 with diphenoxylate or its chemical derivatives

scholarly journals Production and characterization of sophorolipids by Candida bombicola using catfish fat

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 152
Author(s):  
Nguyen Luong Hieu Hoa ◽  
Le Quynh Loan ◽  
Vo Thanh Sang ◽  
Le Van Minh ◽  
Le Viet Dung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Candida Bombicola ◽  
Main Component ◽  
Seafood Processing ◽  
Layer Chromatography ◽  
Dose Dependent

Catfish fat is a high nutrition by-product of seafood processing industry. In this work, catfish fat has been used as a sustainable and economical raw material for sophorolipids production by Candida bombicola. Sophorolipids yield was maximum as 21.8g/L after 7 days of fermentation at 25oC, pH 6, 180 rpm. The obtained sophorolipids was to contained the main component as lactonic sophorolipids, which has been confirmed by Thin layer chromatography (TLC). Sophorolipids also exhibited the ability to resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and showed the ability of free radical scavenging the dose dependent manner with IC50 was 4.45 mg/ml. These results suggested that sophorolipids could be used in health care products and cosmetic. Catfish fat could be used as the low cost hydrophobic carbon source to replace fatty acid for sophorolipids production.

The novel antiviral properties of brassicasterol against human adenovirus

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peifeng Yu ◽  
Dan Lou ◽  
Lifeng Qi ◽  
Zewei Chen
Keyword(s):  
Dna Replication ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Viral Entry ◽  
Human Adenovirus ◽  
Airway Epithelial Cells ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Airway Epithelial ◽  
Infected Cells ◽  
Dose Dependent

Aim: To investigate whether brassicasterol has inhibitory effects against adenovirus (AdV). Materials and methods: The antiviral effects of brassicasterol against AdV 3 and 7 were tested in human airway epithelial cells. Brassicasterol cytotoxicity was assessed by WST-1 assay. AdV DNA was quantified by qPCR. Results: Brassicasterol inhibited AdV 3 and 7 infection of airway epithelial cells in a dose-dependent manner. Similarly, brassicasterol also inhibited AdV 3 and 7 production in infected cells. No apparent cytotoxicity of brassicasterol was detected. Further study showed that brassicasterol inhibited AdV DNA replication, but had no impact on viral entry of cells and viral genome import to nucleus. Conclusion: Brassicasterol exerts anti-AdV effects probably through the inhibition of viral DNA replication.

Protective effect of chloroform extract of Stereospermum chelonoides bark against amyloid beta42 induced cell death in SH-SY5Y cells and against inflammation in Swiss albino mice

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 621-630
Author(s):  
Md. Imamul Islam ◽  
Meena Afroze Shanta ◽  
Milon Mondal ◽  
Nazia Hoque ◽  
Senjuti Majumder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Chloroform Extract ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Dose Dependent

Abstract Background This study was designed to evaluate the free radical scavenging property of chloroform extract of the bark of Stereospermum chelonoides (SCBC) and to investigate its potential in Alzheimer’s disease and inflammation, two oxidative stress related disorders. Methods Preliminary phytochemical analysis and in vitro antioxidant potential of SCBC were evaluated using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay, cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) and total antioxidant capacity determination assay. Total phenol and total flavonoid contents were also determined. 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) based cytotoxicity and cyto-protective assays were performed on human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. Thioflavin-T assay and caspase activation measurement assay were carried out to elucidate the mechanism of cytoprotection of SCBC observed here. In vivo anti-inflammatory potential was measured using croton oil and xylene induced ear edema tests. Results Phytochemical screening of SCBC revealed the presence of various phytoconstituents. Dose-dependent in vitro antioxidant activity was observed. The extract was enriched in flavonoids and polyphenolic compounds too. SCBC was found to inhibit amyloid-β peptide 1-42 (Aβ42) induced cell death in a dose-dependent manner. Encouraged by the cyto-protective effect, its effects on Aβ42 fibrillogenesis and caspase-3 activated apoptosis were observed. SCBC significantly slowed down the Aβ42 fibrillogenesis and caspase-3 activation in a concentration-dependent manner indicating its probable mechanism of rendering cyto-protection. SCBC has been able to reduce inflammation significantly in croton oil induced ear edema in both doses. Conclusions Thus, this study could form the basis for further study for the potential use of SCBC in oxidative stress associated cell death and inflammation.

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