scholarly journals Effect of Chronic Kidney Disease on Changes in Vasopressin System Expression in the Kidney Cortex in Rats with Nephrectomy

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Czarzasta ◽  
Agnieszka Cudnoch-Jedrzejewska ◽  
Longin Niemczyk ◽  
Robert Wrzesien ◽  
Marzanna Tkaczyk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
The Other ◽  
Kidney Cortex ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Vasopressin Receptors ◽  
V2 Vasopressin Receptors ◽  
The Impact

It is believed that the vasopressinergic system plays an important role in the pathogenesis of chronic kidney disease (CKD). The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of CKD on changes in vasopressin system expression in the kidney cortex in rats with nephrectomy. The study was performed on 4 groups of Sprague Dawley (SPRD) rats: a control group (CN), 1/2 nephrectomy (N1/2), 2/3 nephrectomy (N2/3), and 5/6 nephrectomy (N5/6). Blood and the kidney cortex were collected to evaluate plasma copeptin concentrations and mRNA expressions of V1a vasopressin receptors (V1aR) and V2 vasopressin receptors (V2R) and V1aR, V2R, and aquaporin 2 (AQP2) protein levels. V1aR and V2R mRNA expression in the kidney cortex was significantly lower in the CN group compared with the other groups. In contrast, the V1aR, V2R, and AQP2 protein levels were significantly higher in the CN group compared with all of the nephrectomized groups. Plasma copeptin concentration was significantly lower in the CN group than in the nephrectomized groups. CKD caused significant changes in the expression of the vasopressinergic system. Further research is needed to explain the mechanisms of the impact of the vasopressinergic system on the kidney in CKD.

scholarly journals Influence of acute moderate- to high-intensity aerobic exercise on markers of immune function and microparticles in renal transplant recipients

2020 ◽  
Vol 318 (1) ◽  
pp. F76-F85
Author(s):  
Patrick J. Highton ◽  
Alice E. M. White ◽  
Daniel G. D. Nixon ◽  
Thomas J. Wilkinson ◽  
Jill Neale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Renal Transplant ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Tissue Factor ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Monocyte Subset ◽  
Renal Transplant Recipients ◽  
Transplant Recipients ◽  
The Impact

Renal transplant recipients (RTRs) and patients with nondialysis chronic kidney disease display elevated circulating microparticle (MP) counts, while RTRs display immunosuppression-induced infection susceptibility. The impact of aerobic exercise on circulating immune cells and MPs is unknown in RTRs. Fifteen RTRs [age: 52.8 ± 14.5 yr, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR): 51.7 ± 19.8 mL·min−1·1.73 m−2 (mean ± SD)] and 16 patients with nondialysis chronic kidney disease (age: 54.8 ± 16.3 yr, eGFR: 61.9 ± 21.0 mL·min−1·1.73 m−2, acting as a uremic control group), and 16 healthy control participants (age: 52.2 ± 16.2 yr, eGFR: 85.6 ± 6.1 mL·min−1·1.73 m−2) completed 20 min of walking at 60–70% peak O2 consumption. Venous blood samples were taken preexercise, postexercise, and 1 h postexercise. Leukocytes and MPs were assessed using flow cytometry. Exercise increased classical ( P = 0.001) and nonclassical ( P = 0.002) monocyte subset proportions but decreased the intermediate subset ( P < 0.001) in all groups. Exercise also decreased the percentage of platelet-derived MPs that expressed tissue factor in all groups ( P = 0.01), although no other exercise-dependent effects were observed. The exercise-induced reduction in intermediate monocyte percentage suggests an anti-inflammatory effect, although this requires further investigation. The reduction in the percentage of tissue factor-positive platelet-derived MPs suggests reduced prothrombotic potential, although further functional assays are required. Exercise did not cause aberrant immune cell activation, suggesting its safety from an immunological standpoint (ISRCTN38935454).

scholarly journals Effects of a Pre-Dialysis Patient Education Program on the Relative Frequencies of Dialysis Modalities

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 367-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Werner Ribitsch ◽  
Bernd Haditsch ◽  
Ronald Otto ◽  
Gernot Schilcher ◽  
Franz Quehenberger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Frequency Distribution ◽  
Education Program ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Care Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Patient Education Program ◽  
Incident Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
The Impact

BackgroundPre-dialysis education can guide the choice of the dialysis modality best tailored to meet the needs and preferences of individual patients with chronic kidney disease.MethodsIn a retrospective single-center cohort study, we evaluated the impact of a pre-dialysis education program on the incidence rates of patients using hemodialysis (HD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD) in our unit. The frequency distribution of dialysis modalities between people attending our education program and people not attending the program (control group) was analyzed for the 4-year period 2004 – 2008.ResultsFrom among all the incident chronic kidney disease 5D patients presenting during the 4-year period, we analyzed 227 who started dialysis either with an arteriovenous fistula or a PD catheter. In that cohort, 70 patients (30.8%) took part in the education program, and 157 (69.2%) did not receive structured pre-dialysis counseling. In the group receiving education, 38 patients (54.3%) started with PD, and 32 (45.7%), with HD. In the standard-care group not receiving education, 44 patients (28%) started with PD, and 113 (72%), with HD ( p < 0.001).ConclusionsOur multidisciplinary pre-dialysis program had a significant impact on the frequency distribution of dialysis modalities, increasing the proportion of patients initiating dialysis with PD.

scholarly journals Effects of prebiotic oligofructose-enriched inulin on gut-derived uremic toxins and disease progression in rats with adenine-induced chronic kidney disease

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. e0258145
Author(s):  
Ebru Melekoglu ◽  
M. Alper Cetinkaya ◽  
S. Evrim Kepekci-Tekkeli ◽  
Oguz Kul ◽  
Gulhan Samur
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Disease Progression ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species Generation ◽  
Uremic Toxins ◽  
Intestinal Barrier Function ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Serum Urea ◽  
Sprague Dawley

Recent studies suggest that dysbiosis in chronic kidney disease (CKD) increases gut-derived uremic toxins (GDUT) generation, leads to systemic inflammation, reactive oxygen species generation, and poor prognosis. This study aimed to investigate the effect of oligofructose-enriched inulin supplementation on GDUT levels, inflammatory and antioxidant parameters, renal damage, and intestinal barrier function in adenine-induced CKD rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into control group (CTL, n = 12) fed with standard diet; and CKD group (n = 16) given adenine (200 mg/kg/day) by oral gavage for 3-weeks to induce CKD. At the 4th week, CKD rats were subdivided into prebiotic supplementation (5g/kg/day) for four consecutive weeks (CKD-Pre, n = 8). Also, the control group was subdivided into two subgroups; prebiotic supplemented (CTL-Pre, n = 6) and non-supplemented group (CTL, n = 6). Results showed that prebiotic oligofructose-enriched inulin supplementation did not significantly reduce serum indoxyl sulfate (IS) but did significantly reduce serum p-Cresyl sulfate (PCS) (p = 0.002) in CKD rats. Prebiotic supplementation also reduced serum urea (p = 0.008) and interleukin (IL)-6 levels (p = 0.001), ameliorated renal injury, and enhanced antioxidant enzyme activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) (p = 0.002) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) (p = 0.001) in renal tissues of CKD rats. No significant changes were observed in colonic epithelial tight junction proteins claudin-1 and occludin in the CKD-Pre group. In adenine-induced CKD rats, oligofructose-enriched inulin supplementation resulted in a reduction in serum urea and PCS levels, enhancement of the antioxidant activity in the renal tissues, and retardation of the disease progression.

scholarly journals The impact of a needs-oriented dental prophylaxis program on bacteremia after toothbrushing and systemic inflammation in children, adolescents, and young adults with chronic kidney disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karolin Höfer ◽  
Anna Turnowsky ◽  
Rasmus Ehren ◽  
Christina Taylan ◽  
Georg Plum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Systemic Inflammation ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Dental Prophylaxis ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Chronic kidney disease (CKD) still leads to high mortality rates, mainly due to cardiovascular disease. One important influencing factor is persisting low-grade chronic inflammation partly maintained by gingivitis that favors transient bacteremia during daily activities such as toothbrushing. Methods To examine whether intensive dental prophylaxis can restore oral health, reduce the prevalence of bacteremia and degree of systemic inflammation indicated by CRP levels, we conducted this pilot study examining 30 CKD patients aged 6–26 years, 15 receiving intensive prophylaxis (IP), 15 receiving treatment as usual (TAU) serving as control group. There were three appointments for examination, each 10 ± 1 weeks apart (at baseline, after intervention periods one and two, when TAU also received IP, and the IP group stopped prophylaxis). Results The gingival index (GI) in the IP group decreased by 90% (GI 0.09; p=0.001), resulting in almost healthy gingiva. There was no significant change in CRP or prevalence of bacteremia. General prevalence of bacteremia after toothbrushing was 9.5% affecting 7 (26%) of the participants. In three participants, bacteremia dissolved after IP, in one after TAU. Two patients developed bacteremia ≥ 10 weeks after ending IP. We identified eight different bacterial species. Conclusions We were able to show that IP can effectively treat gingivitis. It might be a promising approach to reduce systemic inflammation and subsequently lower premature cardiovascular disease, despite the lack of statistical significance. Future research requires a larger patient cohort to enable matched treatment groups with long-term follow-up and molecular detection methods for bacteremia. Graphical abstract

scholarly journals Chronic kidney disease in pregnancy: Maternal and fetal outcomes and progression of kidney disease

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 92-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalie L Davidson ◽  
Penny Wolski ◽  
Leonie K Callaway ◽  
Helen L Barrett ◽  
Narelle Fagermo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Renal Disease ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease Stage ◽  
Disease Stage ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tertiary Institution ◽  
The Impact ◽  
In Pregnancy

Background There is a paucity of Australian data regarding renal disease in pregnancy. We undertook a retrospective cohort study at a tertiary institution to examine the impact of renal disease on pregnancy outcomes and the effect of pregnancy on disease progression. Methods A total of 55 pregnancies of patients with renal disease admitted from 2003 to 2010 to the Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital were analysed. Pre-conception variables, fetal/delivery and maternal outcomes were analysed in this group and in a control group of women with normal kidney function pre-pregnancy. Results Of the 55 pregnancies, 71% experienced pre-term delivery, 38% had intra-uterine growth restriction and 62% required caesarean section. Of all, 60% of neonates required neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission and six perinatal deaths occurred. Of all, 67% of women suffered preeclampsia, 47% anaemia and 3 patients required dialysis in pregnancy. Postpartum deterioration of renal function occurred in patients with pre-conception chronic kidney disease stage 3–5. Conclusions Chronic kidney disease of all stages is a risk factor for adverse pregnancy outcomes. In a tertiary institution however, there is a high rate of successful pregnancy (84%).

scholarly journals Effect of an exercise rehabilitation program on physical function over 1 year in chronic kidney disease: an observational study

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-104
Author(s):  
Nicholas Hargrove ◽  
Quinn Tays ◽  
Leroy Storsley ◽  
Paul Komenda ◽  
Claudio Rigatto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Clinical Effectiveness ◽  
Rehabilitation Program ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Exercise Rehabilitation ◽  
Exercise Behaviour ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Exercise rehabilitation may help maintain physical function in chronic kidney disease (CKD), but long-term clinical effectiveness is unknown. We evaluated the effect of an exercise rehabilitation program on physical function over 1 year in individuals with CKD. Methods This clinical program evaluation included adults with CKD (any stage) registered in a provincial renal program from 1 January 2011 to 31 March 2016. Attenders were referred to and attended a 10-week exercise rehabilitation program (n = 117). Nonattenders were referred, but did not attend the program (n = 133). Individuals enrolled in a longitudinal frailty study (n = 318) composed a second control group. Primary outcome: Change in physical function [short physical performance battery (SPPB) score]. Secondary outcomes included change in health-related quality of life, physical activity, exercise behaviour, hospitalization over 1 year. Predictors of improved SPPB were assessed using logistic regression. Results In sum, 53, 40 and 207 participants completed 1-year follow-up in attender, nonattender and second control groups, respectively. Baseline median SPPB [interquartile range (IQR)] scores were 10.5 (9–12), 10 (8–12) and 9 (7–11) in attender, nonattender and second control groups, respectively (P = 0.02). Mean change in SPPB score over 1 year was not significantly different between groups (P = 0.7). Attenders with baseline SPPB score &lt;12, trended toward increased likelihood of improved SPPB score at 1 year [odds ratio (OR) 2.18; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.95–5.02; P = 0.07]. More attenders (60%) exercised regularly at 1 year than nonattenders (35%) (P = 0.03). Conclusions The impact of clinical exercise rehabilitation programs on physical function at 1 year needs further delineation. However, our observation of improved exercise behaviour at 1 year suggests sustained benefits with such programs in CKD.

The Impact of Multidisciplinary Collaborative Nursing Intervention on Arteriovenous Fistula in Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 105477382110371
Author(s):  
Danfeng Zha ◽  
Xionghao Yang ◽  
Yan Yang ◽  
Haifen Zhang ◽  
Yan Jin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Arteriovenous Fistula ◽  
Nursing Intervention ◽  
Vessel Diameter ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients ◽  
Control Group ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Intervention Procedure

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of multidisciplinary collaborative nursing intervention on AVF in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) undergoing hemodialysis. Patients ( n = 84) with CKD who underwent the first autologous AVF were randomly divided into control group and multidisciplinary collaborative nursing intervention (MCNI) group and they received routine nursing procedure and multidisciplinary collaborative nursing intervention procedure, respectively. The natural blood flow and vessel diameter in MCNI group were higher than that in control group at the fourth week after surgery ( p < .05). The vessel diameter in MCNI group at 2 and 4 weeks after operation was significantly larger than that in control group ( p < .05).In conclusions, the implementation of multidisciplinary collaborative nursing intervention procedure can significantly promote the maturation of AVF, effectively increase the blood flow of AVF and promote the growth of vessel diameter.

scholarly journals PO-102 Meta-analysis of the effects of exercise on patients with chronic kidney disease

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng Ding
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Control Group ◽  
The Impact

Objective To systematically evaluate the impact of exercise on patients with chronic kidney disease Methods Computers were searched for PubMed, The cochrane Library, EMbase, CNKI, VIP, Medline, and WangFang Date for a decade between 2008 and 2018 to find out about the effects of exercise on patients with chronic kidney disease (VO2peak, HDL, Cholesterol ). Aspects of the clinical randomized controlled trial (RCT). The included studies were evaluated for quality one by one, and the effects of the training group and the control group were meta-analyzed, and Meta analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 software Results  A total of 5 RCTs were included, including 386 patients. The results of the meta-analysis showed that the VO2peak experimental group was significantly better than the control group (P<0.05, 0.01) and the changes in HDL and cholesterol were not significant Conclusions Exercise intervention can effectively improve the cardiopulmonary function of patients with chronic kidney disease without causing excessive burden on the kidney. Exercise can promote the treatment of patients with chronic kidney disease. However, due to the limitations of the quality of the literature, the meta-analysis of the effects of exercise on the treatment of patients with chronic kidney disease needs further improvement.

P0203EARLY DETECTION OF BREAST ARTERIAL CALCIFICATION IN DIFFERENT STAGES OF CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE PATIENTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (Supplement_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Basma Sultan ◽  
Hamdy Omar ◽  
Housseini Ahmed ◽  
Mahmoud Elprince ◽  
Osama Anter adly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Arterial Calcification ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Inpatient Ward ◽  
Stage 4 ◽  
Ckd Stage

Abstract Background and Aims Vascular calcification (VC) plays a major role in cardiovascular disease (CVD), which is one of the main causes of mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The study aims at early detection of breast arterial calcification (BAC) in different stages of CKD (stage 2, 3& 4) patients as an indicator of systemic VC. Method A case control study was conducted targeting CKD women, aged 18- 60 years old. The sample was divided into 3 groups; A,B,C (representing stage 2, 3 & 4 of CKD) from women who attended nephrology and Internal medicine clinics and admitted in inpatient ward in Suez Canal University Hospital. A 4th group (D) was formed as a control group and included women with normal kidney functions (each group (A, B, C, D) include 22 women). The selected participants were subjected to history taking, mammogram to detect BAC and biochemical assessment of lipid profile, Serum creatinine (Cr), Mg, P, Ca, PTH and FGF23. Results Our study detected presence of BAC in about 81.8% of hypertensive stage 4 CKD patients compared with 50% in stage 3 CKD, also in the majority of stage 4 CKD patients who had abnormal lipid profile parameters and electrolyte disturbance. Most of the variables had statistical significance regarding the presence of BAC. Conclusion Although it is difficult to determine the definite stage at which the risk of VC begins but in our study, it began late in stage 2 CKD, gradually increased prevalence through stage 3 and became significantly higher in stage 4. These results suggest that preventive strategies may need to begin as early as stage 2 CKD.

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