scholarly journals Scoping Review: The Trajectory of Recovery of Participation Outcomes following Stroke

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Batya Engel-Yeger ◽  
Tamara Tse ◽  
Naomi Josman ◽  
Carolyn Baum ◽  
Leeanne M. Carey
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Well Being ◽  
International Classification Of Functioning ◽  
Stroke Survivors ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Meaningful Participation ◽  
Search Terms ◽  
Review Question ◽  
Definition Of

Participation is a central concept in health and well-being and healthcare, yet operationalizing this concept has been difficult. Its definition, uses in healthcare, and impacts on recovery require ongoing research. Our review question goes like this: from the longitudinal evidence investigating participation among stroke survivors, what are the patterns of participation recovery in stroke survivors over time, and what interventions are used to improve participation? To fully understand these questions, we also ask, how is participation defined in the stroke literature, and what are the measures of participation used in the stroke literature? A systematic scoping review was undertaken using the search terms “stroke,” “longitudinal,” “participation,” and “outcome” in seven databases. Articles included were published until April 2017, written in English, and had at least two longitudinal assessments of participation. Fifty-nine articles met the inclusion criteria. The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health was the most frequent definition of participation used (34%). There were 22 different measures of participation. Eight of ten studies demonstrated significant improvements in participation up to 12 months poststroke. Efficacy of interventions and their impact on participation varied. The various definitions, measures, and intervention efficacies of participation highlight the need for further research worldwide into achieving meaningful participation and quality of life among stroke survivors. Future practice should include participation as a main outcome measure.

scholarly journals Family Variables and Quality of Life in Children with Down Syndrome: A Scoping Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 419
Author(s):  
Anna Lee ◽  
Kathleen Knafl ◽  
Marcia Van Riper
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Personal Development ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Children With Down Syndrome ◽  
Family Variables

The purpose of this scoping review was to identify the family and child quality of life variables that have been studied in relation to one another in children with Down syndrome, the frequency with which different relationships have been studied, and the extent to which family variables were the focus of the research aims. A literature search was conducted to find studies published between January 2007 and June 2018. The initial search yielded 2314 studies; of these, 43 were selected for a final review. Researchers most often addressed family resources and family problem-solving and coping concerning child personal development and physical well-being. Little attention to child emotional well-being was observed, with none considering family appraisal of child emotional well-being. The relationship between family variables and child QoL rarely was the primary focus of the study. Methodologically, most reviewed studies used cross-sectional designs, were conducted in North America and based on maternal report. From future research considering the issues found in this review, healthcare providers can obtain an in-depth understanding of relationships between children and family variables.

scholarly journals Scoping review of mental health in prisons through the COVID-19 pandemic

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. e046547
Author(s):  
Luke Johnson ◽  
Kerry Gutridge ◽  
Julie Parkes ◽  
Anjana Roy ◽  
Emma Plugge
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Prison Staff ◽  
The Impact

ObjectiveTo examine the extent, nature and quality of literature on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of imprisoned people and prison staff.DesignScoping review.Data sourcesPubMed, Embase, CINAHL, Global Health, Cochrane, PsycINFO, PsychExtra, Web of Science and Scopus were searched for any paper from 2019 onwards that focused on the mental health impact of COVID-19 on imprisoned people and prison staff. A grey literature search focused on international and government sources and professional bodies representing healthcare, public health and prison staff was also performed. We also performed hand searching of the reference lists of included studies.Eligibility criteria for selection of studiesAll papers, regardless of study design, were included if they examined the mental health of imprisoned people or prison staff specifically during the COVID-19 pandemic. Imprisoned people could be of any age and from any countries. All languages were included. Two independent reviewers quality assessed appropriate papers.ResultsOf 647 articles found, 83 were eligible for inclusion, the majority (58%) of which were opinion pieces. The articles focused on the challenges to prisoner mental health. Fear of COVID-19, the impact of isolation, discontinuation of prison visits and reduced mental health services were all likely to have an adverse effect on the mental well-being of imprisoned people. The limited research and poor quality of articles included mean that the findings are not conclusive. However, they suggest a significant adverse impact on the mental health and well-being of those who live and work in prisons.ConclusionsIt is key to address the mental health impacts of the pandemic on people who live and work in prisons. These findings are discussed in terms of implications for getting the balance between infection control imperatives and the fundamental human rights of prison populations.

scholarly journals Factors Which Facilitate or Impede Interpersonal Interactions and Relationships after Spinal Cord Injury: A Scoping Review with Suggestions for Rehabilitation

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Delena Amsters ◽  
Sarita Schuurs ◽  
Kiley Pershouse ◽  
Bettina Power ◽  
Yvonne Harestad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
English Language ◽  
International Classification Of Functioning ◽  
Interpersonal Interactions ◽  
Self Image ◽  
Language Studies ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Review Question

Interpersonal interactions and relationships can influence an individual’s perceptions of health and quality of life in the presence of disability. In the case of people with spinal cord injury (SCI), positive interpersonal interactions and relationships have been shown to contribute to resilience and adaptability. Understanding factors which facilitate or impede the development and maintenance of relationships after SCI may form the basis for proactive relationship support for people with SCI. To gain a broad insight into these factors, a scoping review was undertaken. Databases were searched for English language studies published between 2000 and 2015 that informed the review question. Sixty-two (62) studies were identified. Thematic analysis was conducted on data extracted from the studies and 51 factors which may facilitate relationships and 38 factors which may impede relationships after SCI were noted. The majority of factors could be categorized as environmental or personal according to the domains of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF). The facilitating factors included partner and social support, reciprocity in relationships, and presenting oneself positively. Impeding factors included physical environmental barriers, real and perceived social biases, and poor self-image. Factors identified may inform the provision of supportive, holistic rehabilitation for people with SCI.

THE INFLUENCE OF THE SCHOOL OF HEALTH ON THE TREATMENT OF PATIENTS ON THE EXAMPLE OF ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION

2021 ◽  
pp. 43-46
Author(s):  
К.Ю. Досмаганбетова ◽  
А.Б. Исса ◽  
И.Е. Михайлова
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Statistical Information ◽  
Emergency Medical Care ◽  
Dynamic Changes ◽  
National Medical ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Medical University

В статье «Влияние школы здоровья на лечение пациентов на примере артериальной гипертензии», написанной интернами 7го курса НАО «Национального Медицинского Университета им. С.Д. Асфендиярова» Досмаганбетовой К.Е., Иса А.Б под кураторством ассистента кафедры ВОП2 Михайловой И.Е., представлен обзор на школу здоровья, а именно на ее часть, занимающуюся артериальной гипертензией. Собраны статистические сведения об участниках, дано определение термина «школа здоровья» и рассмотрено её влияние на качество лечения пациентов. На основе полученных данных проведен анализ динамических изменений по части грамотности населения в вопросах «управления» артериальной гипертензией, самочувствия пациентов, частоты обращения за «скорой медицинской помощью» и развития осложнений The article "The infiuence of the School of Health on the treatment of patients on the example of Arterial Hypertension", written by interns of the 7th year of the JSC "S.D. Asfendiyarov National Medical University" Dosmaganbetova K.Y., Issa A. B. under the supervision of the assistant of the GPM-2 department Mikhailova I.E., provides an overview of the school of health, namely, its department dealing with arterial hypertension. The article includes statistical information about the participants, definition of the term "school of health", and information about its impact on the quality of treatment. On the basis of the obtained data, the analysis of dynamic changes in the population's literacy in issues of "management" of arterial hypertension, the well-being of patients, the frequency of seeking "emergency medical care" and the development of complications was carried out.

Climate and Culture in Enlightenment Thought

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
James R. Fleming
Keyword(s):  
David Hume ◽  
Geographic Location ◽  
Denis Diderot ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Jean Bodin ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Jean Le Rond D'alembert ◽  
Health And Well Being

The debate over climate change, both from natural causes and human activity, is not new. Although the Baron C.-L. de Montesquieu is undoubtedly the best known Enlightenment thinker on the topic of climatic determinism, others, notably the Abbé Du Bos, David Hume, and Thomas Jefferson, observed that climatic changes exerted a direct influence on individuals and society and that human agency was directly involved in changing the climate. Climate—from the Greek term klima, meaning slope or inclination—was originally thought to depend only on the height of the Sun above the horizon, a function of the latitude. A second tradition, traceable to Aristotle, linked the quality of the air (and thus the climate) to the vapors and exhalations of a country. The Hippocratic tradition further linked climate to health and national character. As late as 1779, the Encyclopdédie of Denis Diderot and Jean le Rond D’Alembert defined “climat” geographically, as a “portion or zone of the surface of the Earth, enclosed within two circles parallel to the equator,” in which the longest day of the year differs in length on its northern and southern boundaries by some quantity of time, for example one-half hour. The article goes on to mention Montesquieu’s position on “l’influence du climat sur les mœurs, le charactère, et les loix des peuples.” The second definition of climate provided by the Encyclopdédie was medical, identified primarily as the temperature of a region and explicated through its effects on the health and well-being of the inhabitants. The idea that climate influenced culture was derived in part from the writings of ancient and medieval philosophers, geographers, and historians, including the works of Hippocrates, Albertus Magnus, and Jean Bodin. With no established science of climatology, Enlightenment thinkers apprehended climate and its changes primarily in a literary way. They compared the ancient writings to recent weather conditions, linked the rise and fall of creative historical eras to changes in climate, and promoted a brand of climatic determinism based on geographic location and the quality of the air.

Quality of Life in Childhood Cancer: Meaning, Methods, and Missing Pieces

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel B. Levi
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Pediatric Oncology ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Domains Of Life ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Health Organization

It is only in the last three decades that the quality of the lives of children and adolescents treated for cancer and their families has become a major focus in the field of pediatric oncology. This shift from helping families to tolerate arduous treatments and prepare for early death is a result of advances in treatment and survival rates for most pediatric disease categories. One result of this paradigm shift is that quality of life (QOL) has become a critical construct within the field of pediatric oncology. The construct of QOL was initially developed for use with adult populations and was based on the definition of health generated in 1948 by the World Health Organization (WHO): “a state of complete physical, mental, and social well being, and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.” Although there remains no universally adopted definition of QOL, the WHO’s definition of QOL as an “individual’s perceptions of their position in life in the context of the culture and value system in which they live and in relation to their goals, standards, and concerns” is frequently employed (WHO, 1993). This definition includes several domains that are considered central to the QOL construct: physical, mental/emotional, and social. This initial construct has been expanded with adult populations to include physical symptoms and functioning, functional status (i.e., ability to participate in daily and life activities), psychological functioning, and social functioning (e.g., Ware, 1984). This more expansive definition is referred to as health-related quality of life (HRQOL). HRQOL emphasizes the impact of health on one’s QOL but looks further to include other domains of life functioning that are also potentially affected by health/illness states (Jenney, 1998). The HRQOL construct was initially developed for populations of adults living with chronic illness to assess the impacts of illness/injury/disability, medical treatment, or health care policy on an individual’s life quality (for reviews, see Aaronson et al., 1991; Patrick&Erikson, 1993; Speith&Harris, 1996). Over time, there have been modifications and developments in the construct, approaches to measurement, and the measures themselves (Wilson & Cleary, 1994).

Scoping Review: Social Determinants of Young Children’s Participation in the United States

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 225-234
Author(s):  
Lindsay Rosenfeld ◽  
Jessica M. Kramer ◽  
Melissa Levin ◽  
Kimberly Barrett ◽  
Dolores Acevedo-Garcia
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Social Determinants ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
The United States ◽  
International Classification Of Functioning ◽  
Meaningful Participation ◽  
The Social ◽  
Emergent Literature ◽  
Racial Ethnic

Optimal child development is supported by services, policies, a social determinants of health (SDOH) frame, and meaningful participation (as defined by the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health–Children and Youth [ICF-CY]). This scoping review describes the social determinants that may affect the participation of young children aged 0 to 3 years with developmental disabilities (DD) in the United States. Scoping review of studies including U.S. children with DD aged 0 to 3 years, from 2000 to 2016, were used. 5/979 studies met inclusion criteria. Two researchers independently coded studies to align them with both ICF-CY and SDOH. Studies found determinants of participation stemming from the child (e.g., individual) and multiple contexts: immediate, community, and policy. The emergent literature continues to primarily focus on child determinants but suggests participation of young children with DD is affected by social determinants stemming from the community and policy contexts. The literature underrepresents children from racial/ethnic minority backgrounds.

Violence and Health

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Cecília de Souza Minayo ◽  
Saul Franco
Keyword(s):  
Health Sector ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Gender Violence ◽  
World Health ◽  
Mental Trauma ◽  
Policies And Programs ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Forms Of Violence

Violence is a problem that accompanies the trajectory of humanity, but it presents itself in different ways in each society and throughout its historical development. Despite having different meanings according to the field of knowledge from which it is addressed and the institutions that tackle it, there are some common elements in the definition of this phenomenon. It is acknowledged as the intentional use of force and power by individuals, groups, classes, or countries to impose themselves on others, causing harm and limiting or denying rights. Its most frequent and visible forms include homicides, suicides, war, and terrorism, but violence is also articulated and manifested in less visible forms, such as gender violence, domestic violence, and enforced disappearances. Although attention to the consequences of different forms of violence has always been part of health services, its formal and global inclusion in health sector policies and guidelines is very recent. It was only in 1996 that the World Health Organization acknowledged it as a priority in the health programs of all countries. Violence affects individual and collective health; causes deaths, injuries, and physical and mental trauma; decreases the quality of life; and impairs the well-being of people, communities, and nations. At the same time, violence poses problems for health researchers trying to understand the complexity of its causes, its dynamics, and the different ways of dealing with it. It also poses serious challenges to health systems and services for the care of victims and perpetrators and the formulation of interdisciplinary, multi-professional, inter-sectoral, and socially articulated confrontation and prevention policies and programs.

scholarly journals The Effect of Morning Stiffness Duration on the Definition of Clinically Inactive Disease in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
pp. 1238-1241
Author(s):  
Maddalena Allegra ◽  
Maria Francesca Gicchino ◽  
Gabriella Giancane ◽  
Alessandra Alongi ◽  
Jessica Tibaldi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis ◽  
Morning Stiffness ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Inactive Disease ◽  
Subjective Rating ◽  
Visual Analog Scales ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Definition Of

Objective.To investigate the effect of morning stiffness (MS) on parent disease perception in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) with clinically inactive disease (CID).Methods.We examined 652 visits in which patients fulfilled 2004 or 2011 Wallace criteria for CID. Parent-reported outcomes were compared among patients with no MS or with MS < or ≥ 15 min.Results.Among 652 visits with CID by 2004 criteria, no MS was reported in 554 visits (85%), MS < 15 min in 53 (8%), and MS ≥ 15 min in 45 (7%). The frequency of altered physical function, health-related quality of life and well-being, pain, and disease activity visual analog scales was proportionally greater in patients without MS than those with longer MS. The frequency of parent subjective rating of disease state as remission was 87.7%, 58%, and 26.7% among patients with no MS, MS < 15 min, and MS ≥ 15 min, respectively.Conclusion.Our results suggest that a change in 2011 CID criteria to require absence of MS should be considered.

scholarly journals Excessive Daytime Sleepiness in Stroke Survivors

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 420-431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qinglan Ding ◽  
Robin Whittemore ◽  
Nancy Redeker
Keyword(s):  
Excessive Daytime Sleepiness ◽  
Daytime Sleepiness ◽  
Sleep Disordered Breathing ◽  
Functional Performance ◽  
Stroke Survivors ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Robin Hood ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Prevalent Symptom

Excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) is a prevalent symptom among stroke survivors. This symptom is an independent risk factor for stroke and may reduce stroke survivors’ quality of life, cognitive functioning, and daytime functional performance. The lack of a universally accepted definition of EDS makes it difficult to measure EDS and synthesize research. The purpose of this integrative review is to describe poststroke EDS, ascertain conceptual and operational definitions of EDS, identify factors that contribute to EDS in stroke survivors, and explore outcomes associated with EDS in stroke survivors. We searched the following databases: PubMed and MEDLINE (OvidSP 1946—April; Week 2, 2015), Embase (OvidSP 1974—March; Week 1, 2015), and PsycINFO (OvidSP 1967—April; Week 2, 2015). Our search yielded 340 articles, 27 of which met inclusion criteria. The literature reveals EDS to be a multidimensional construct that is operationalized with both subjective and objective measures. Choosing measures that can quantify both the objective and subjective components is useful for gaining a comprehensive understanding of EDS. The antecedents of EDS are stroke, sleep-disordered breathing, reversed Robin Hood syndrome, and depression. The outcomes associated with EDS in stroke patients are serious and negative. Via synthesis of this research, we propose a possible framework for poststroke EDS, which may be of use in clinical practice and in research to identify valid quantifying methods for EDS as well as to prevent harmful outcomes in stroke survivors.

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