scholarly journals Patient’s Preference on Neurosurgeon’s Attire and Appearance: A Single Center Study in Korea Cross-Sectional Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Hyun Woong Mun ◽  
Ji Hee Kim ◽  
Jun Hyong Ahn ◽  
In Bok Chang ◽  
Joon Ho Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Training ◽  
Educational Background ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
White Coat ◽  
Hair Color ◽  
Preference Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Facial Hair ◽  
Negative View ◽  
Single Center Study

Objective. This study was performed to assess neurosurgery patients’ preference for surgeon’s attire and appearance in the hospital. Methods. A total of 100 patients were investigated using a questionnaire comprising 13 questions. We first asked patients about neurosurgeon’s appearance including accessories, hair color, mustache, and beard. Then, based on their preferences, they were asked to rank a series of photographs which illustrated a variety of neurosurgeon attires worn by a doctor. Results. Professional attire with white coat was the most ideal for patients compared to any other attire (preference scale 5.28 ± 1.24), and there was a significant preference gap between wearing a white coat and not wearing a white coat (p <0.01). Patients expressed a preference for neurosurgeon’s shoes (30%) but the majority of the respondents answered that it does not matter which shoes their neurosurgeon wears (43%). Furthermore, the patients did not have any preferences regarding accessories, dyeing, and mustache or beard (58%, 67%, and 51%, respectively), and they did not have negative view towards doctor wearing accessories (71.7%) and growing mustache or beard (71.6%). Conclusion. The patients in this study preferred professional attire along with a white coat compared to any other form of outfit. This result is similar to those of many other studies conducted in other departments or other countries. However, patients did not have a strong negative view on accessories, dyeing, and facial hair. With regard to medical training, patients did not show a preference for their neurosurgeon’s educational background.

The influence of varying maxillary central incisor vertical dimension on perceived smile aesthetics

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-142
Author(s):  
Elis Janaina Lira dos Santos ◽  
Alana Moura Xavier Dantas ◽  
Raíssa Marçal Vilela ◽  
Karina Jerônimo Rodrigues Santiago de Lima ◽  
Rejane Targino Soares Beltrão
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Educational Background ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Central Incisor ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Maxillary Central Incisor ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Test

Objective: To evaluate patient perception of the smile focused on analysis of the upper incisors. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Department of Clinical and Social Dentistry at Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil. Participants: The sample consisted of 135 individuals (73 women and 62 men). Methods: Images with different characteristics associated with the incisal edges were shown at random and analysed using a Likert scale. Data were analysed using the Chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test with a statistically significant difference ( P < 0.05). Results: Smile I (difference of 1.5 mm in relation to the central incisor and lateral) was considered the most aesthetic, while Smile III (no difference in height between the central and lateral incisors) was the least aesthetic. A significant difference was found between perception of smile II (difference of 1 mm in relation to the central incisor and lateral) and age groups ( P < 0.005), with 31% (n = 13) of individuals aged 45–64 years considering smile II as not pleasant, 4.4% (n = 2) aged 15–24 years and 8.3% (n=4) aged 25–44 years and 4.4% (n = 2) aged 15–24 years considering the same. A significant difference was also found in relation to educational background of the assessor and smile perception, with smile III ( P = 0.0441) and smile IV ( P = 0.0053) considered the most aesthetic ( P = 0.0116). Conclusion: The smile considered most attractive among the sample was that with 1.5 mm steepness between the central and lateral incisors, while a flat smile arc was considered least attractive.

scholarly journals Individual, Social and Psychological Characteristics of Smoking Cessation Behaviors: A Systematic Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Susi Ari Kristina ◽  
Vo Quang Trung ◽  
Ni Putu Ayu Linda Permitasari ◽  
Eliza Dwinta ◽  
Faisal Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
English Language ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Educational Background ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Smoking Cessation Program ◽  
Psychological Characteristics ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
New Perspective

About two thirds of active smokers want to quit smoking, yet not many people finally succeed in smoking cessation. Smoking cessation involve complex behaviors associated with individual, social and psychological characteristics as the key factors. Our objective is to review the studies about smoking cessation behavior correlated issues in order to find effective interventions of smoking cessation program. Terms and keywords pertinent to individual, social and psychological characteristics of smoking cessation behavior were used in a search of the electronic databases. Searches were limited to English language, included papers were: a) had clearly report the predictor variables related to smoking cessation behaviors, b) exclusively represent nation/s of study population, c) the time frame for the analysis was limited from 1998 to 2018. A result of 116 individual studies were retrieved at first and reviewed. After further inspection of references from the collected studies, 9 studies were approximately selected that met all inclusion criteria. The final studies consisted of five cross-sectional study and four cohort studies, conducted from different countries. There were several characteristics related to smoking cessation behavior including on levels of nicotine dependence, self-efficacy, smoking restriction and involve other smokers environment, motivation and educational background. Adjusted interventions due to those specific behaviors are needed in order to make more effective smoking cessation programs. Therefore, this study may provide new perspective for encouraged to decrease the amount of smokers worldwide through smoking cessation program.

scholarly journals Knowledge in palliative care of nursing professionals at a Spanish hospital

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Chover-Sierra ◽  
Antonio Martínez-Sabater ◽  
Yolanda Lapeña-Moñux
Keyword(s):  
Palliative Care ◽  
Basic Education ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Educational Background ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional

Resume Objective: to determine the level of knowledge in palliative care of nursing staff at a Spanish tertiary care hospital. Method: descriptive, cross-sectional study. Data were collected about the results of the Spanish version of the Palliative Care Quiz for Nurses (PCQN), sociodemographic aspects, education level and experience in the field of palliative care. Univariate and bivariate descriptive analysis was applied. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05 in all cases. Results: 159 professionals participated (mean age 39.51 years ± 10.25, with 13.96 years ± 10.79 of professional experience) 54.7% possessed experience in palliative care and 64.2% educational background (mainly basic education). The mean percentage of hits on the quiz was 54%, with statistically significant differences in function of the participants’ education and experience in palliative care. Conclusions: although the participants show sufficient knowledge on palliative care, they would benefit from a specific training program, in function of the mistaken concepts identified through the quiz, which showed to be a useful tool to diagnose professionals’ educational needs in palliative care.

scholarly journals Assessment of the factors influencing primary care physicians’ approach to vaccination of adult risk groups in Istanbul, Turkey

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e7516
Author(s):  
Fatma Yılmaz Karadağ ◽  
Zuhal Aydan Sağlam
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Primary Care Physicians ◽  
Medical Training ◽  
Risk Group ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Demographical Data ◽  
Adult Immunization

Background We aimed to assess the factors influencing primary care physicians’ (PCPs) approach to adult vaccination in specific risk groups and evaluate the compliance to adult immunization guidelines. Methods This cross-sectional study performed between January 2016 and April 2016 in İstanbul, Turkey. A questionnaire designed to obtain physicians’ demographical data, experience, immunization status, and attitude on prescribing or recommending vaccines for adults in the risk group. Healthy individuals older than 65 and patients suffer from chronic diseases or had splenectomy before are considered as a risk group. The questionnaire was sent via email to a randomly selected group of 1,500 PCPs. The data of 221 physicians who responded emails were recorded for statistical analysis. Results Of the 221 participants (123 women, 98 men), the majority were aged 31–40 years. Their vaccination rates were 74.2% for hepatitis B, 54.3% for seasonal influenza, and 47.1% for tetanus. Among participants, the highest recommendation and prescription rate of adult vaccines was recorded in PCPs aged 31–40 years. In addition, PCPs with <10 years occupational experience were found to prescribe adult vaccines more frequently than PCPs with longer occupational experience. Conclusions Primary care physicians with lower age and relatively less experience are more intent to prescribe adult vaccines to patients that are in risk groups. This result may be due to increased awareness of adult immunization among PCPs who had more recent medical training. However, many other factors could have caused this difference, including physicians’ approach to primary medical care.

scholarly journals Assessment of Knowledge, attitude and practices of Epilepsy Patients’ towards their illness and treatment in a tertiary care hospital in Kuantan Pahang Malaysia

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 545-553 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Yousuf Rathor ◽  
Mohammad Arif Shahar ◽  
Ahmad Marzuki Bin Omar ◽  
Azarisman SM Shah ◽  
Mohammad Hadzri Hasmoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Negative Attitude ◽  
Median Number ◽  
Educational Background ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Medical Attention ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Cross Sectional

Objective: Patients beliefs determine their response to an illness and its management especially if it is chronic. Studies assessing patient’s knowledge of their epilepsy are scarce. We report the first objective study evaluating knowledge, attitude and practices of epilepsy patients referred to a tertiary care centre in East Coast of Malaysia.Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study using pre-tested, semi-structured questionnaire among consenting epilepsy patients.Results: The demographic details and responses to a questionnaire assessing their insight towards epilepsy were recorded. Among 132 respondents, 51.5% were male and 48.5 % were female. Their age ranged from 14 to 70 years (mean = 31.63 ± 13.41). Majority (53.8%) of them aged equal or less than 30 years. The median number of years they had epilepsy was 8.0 (4.0, 18.8) years and average duration of seizure prior to seeking medical attention was 1.0 (0.3, 4.5) years. The average number of years they were receiving treatment from a hospital was 5.50 ± 5.84. Most (90.9%) did not know the cause of epilepsy; however 93.9 % were aware that it can be treated with modern drugs. While only 22.7 % believed that faith healers can treat epilepsy, 74.2% had tried other forms of treatment. Negative attitude was reflected in the belief that epilepsy is due to supernatural powers (1.5%) and that epilepsy is contagious (17.4 %). Positive attitude included that PWE can take a job (66.7%), allowing a child with epilepsy to study (80%), not objecting children to play with a child with epilepsy (54.5%), marry (65.9%) and having children (58.3%).Conclusions: Patients with epilepsy are not knowledgeable about their disorder. This is true regardless of age, educational background, or number of years with epilepsy. The results suggest that there is a critical need to enhance epilepsy education and improve attitudes towards epilepsy beyond seizure control.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.16(4) 2017 p.545-553

scholarly journals The Scenario of Acute Poisoning in Jashore, Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
G. K. Acherjya ◽  
M. Ali ◽  
A. B. M. S. Alam ◽  
M. M. Rahman ◽  
S. G. M. Mowla
Keyword(s):  
Organophosphorus Compounds ◽  
Educational Background ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Acute Poisoning ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Background Population ◽  
Present Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Suicidal Intention ◽  
Female Subjects

Background. Acute poisoning is a common scenario in the emergency department of any general hospital globally, but its pattern may vary in different parts of the world and even may be a different regional variation in the same country. Objective. Our recent study aims to assess the demographic characteristics, psychological aspect, pattern, and treatment outcome in different acute poisoning. Method. The present cross-sectional study was conducted in the medicine department of Jashore Medical College and Hospital from 1st January to 30th June 2018, which recruited 487 eligible cases of admitted acute poisoning patients. Results. The study reveals that the total incidence of acute poisoning in Jashore, Bangladesh, is 17.1 per 100,000 populations over a 6-month period. The mean age of our study population was 27 ± 11 (SD) years with having significant female preponderance in acute poisoning (female: 253/52% and male: 234/48%; p = 0.002). Female subjects were significantly younger than male (p <0.001). Moreover, the total suicidal intension of acute poisoning in our study was 97.3%, whereas the female subjects were more committed to suicidal attempts (p = 0.027). Organophosphorus compounds (OPCs) were the significant leading agents (66.1%, p = 0.029) of acute poisoning, and even, it had been significantly used as suicidal intention of poisoning substance (65.1%, p <0.001) in our observation. Muslim (97.5%, p = 0.005), 10–29 year age group (68.0%, p = 0.002), rural (99.2%), unmarried (51.3%), middle class (50.1%), students (48.9%), and secondary educational background population (76.4%) were more victimized of acute poisoning. Among different factors, familial disharmony constituted of 56.1% cases of suicidal attempt in acute poisoning. Finally, we had observed that the death incidence by acute poisoning in Jashore, Bangladesh, was 1.9 per 100,000 population over a 6-month period. Conclusion. The recent study reveals that there is high incidence of acute poisoning in Jashore, Bangladesh, with a significant amount of death toll. Organophosphorus compound is the most common agent of deliberating self-poisoning in our study due to its easy availability in our agriculture-based community.

Menstrual disorders and medical counseling among schoolgirls in South Egypt: a cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Arafa ◽  
Shaimaa Senosy
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Menstrual Disorders ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Facial Hair ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Medical Counseling ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Age Of Menarche ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

Abstract Background Menstrual disorders are common gynecological problems among adolescents, however, medical counseling for these disorders is not well documented in developing countries. Objectives This study aimed to assess medical counseling for menstrual disorders among schoolgirls in Beni-Suef city in South Egypt. Methods Using a multi-stage random sampling, a total of 970 preparatory schoolgirls were included in this study. We used a self-administered questionnaire to detect the premenstrual and menstrual disorders as reported by the schoolgirls during the previous 6 months. Medical counseling for the menstrual disorders and other demographic characteristics were also surveyed. Results The mean age of the schoolgirls was 15.4 ± 0.8 years, age of menarche 13.2 ± 1.1 years and menstrual flow days 5.0 ± 1.3. During the past 6 months, 19.4% of the schoolgirls reported medical counseling for at least one menstrual symptom. Dysmenorrhea (89.2%), premenstrual fatigue (32.4%) and headache (31.1%) were the most often reported symptoms. After adjustment for personal and gynecological characters, abdominal bloating [odds ratio (OR) 3.66; 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.18–6.17], flow days >4 (OR 1.73; 95% CI 1.21–2.47), acne flare (OR 1.42; 95% CI 1.01–1.99), dysuria (OR 2.09; 95% CI 1.35–3.22) and facial hair (OR 6.89; 95% CI 3.47–13.69) were associated significantly with a higher likelihood of medical counseling. Conclusion Menstrual disorders are highly prevalent among preparatory schoolgirls in Beni-Suef, however, there is a noticeable lack of the medical counseling for these disorders. Future research should focus on the barriers to medical counseling for menstrual disorders among adolescents.

scholarly journals Electives in the medical curriculum – an opportunity to achieve students’ satisfaction?

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Rita Ramalho ◽  
P. M. Vieira-Marques ◽  
C. Magalhães-Alves ◽  
M. Severo ◽  
M. A. Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Core Curriculum ◽  
Medical Training ◽  
Medical Curriculum ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Global Satisfaction ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
Continuous Work ◽  
Students Satisfaction

Abstract Background Electives are perceived by medical students as a valuable, highly regarded experience, allowing them to customize learning experiences and enabling them to early differentiate during medical training. The present work aims to uncover students’ major determinants of satisfaction and how they interfere with their future elective choices in order to identify the best approach to implement electives in medical curricula. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted through a written evaluation survey concerning the electives available in the academic year 2015–2016. Our institution provides 106 electives to students from the 2nd to the 5th year. Students’ satisfaction was assessed through a validated questionnaire with eight sentences expressing opinions related to electives global satisfaction. Data from 538 inquiries from 229 students were analyzed quantitatively using regression and correlation models, and qualitatively through phenomenography. Results Quantitative analysis of the questionnaires allowed to establish both: 1) The determinants of students’ satisfaction with electives, which were Agreement with teaching and learning methodologies, followed by Agreement with assessment methodologies employed, Perception of the workload demanded and Requirement for continuous work and 2) The predictors of students preferences in the following years, namely, Agreement with assessment methodologies employed, Classes attendance and Ranking of the allocated elective established in the previous year. Qualitative analysis of questionnaires revealed that students consider electives as being innovative and interesting, claiming that some, for their relevant content, could be integrated into the medical core curriculum. Conclusions Our work raises awareness on the best practices when it comes to electives’ organization to meet students’ satisfaction. We can conclude that medical schools should measure students satisfaction as a tool to organize and predict future needs of electives and placements when designing and implementing this alternative student-centred curriculum or even to improve the existing practices regarding electives in medical courses.

Characteristics of medical oncologists participating in the Oncology Care Model.

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e18017-e18017
Author(s):  
Ravi Bharat Parikh ◽  
Justin E. Bekelman ◽  
Qian Huang ◽  
Joseph Martinez ◽  
Ezekiel J. Emanuel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Training ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Utilization ◽  
Care Model ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Intensity Index ◽  
Physician Participation ◽  
Medical Oncologists ◽  
Oncology Care ◽  
Payment Models

e18017 Background: The Oncology Care Model (OCM) is Medicare’s first bundled payment program for patients with cancer. Because practices voluntarily enrolled in the OCM in 2016, there may be differences between OCM-participating and non-participating oncologists that impact the OCM’s generalizability. We examine baseline characteristics of OCM participants and markets with high OCM physician participation. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we identified characteristics of US medical oncologists practicing in 2016 using a national telephone-verified physician database. We linked this data with Dartmouth Atlas and Medicare claims data to identify market characteristics of areas with high OCM participation. We used logistic regression to examine relationships between market characteristics and OCM participation. Results: Of 10428 US medical oncologists, 2605 (24.9%) were listed on an OCM-participating practice’s website. There were no differences in sex or medical training between OCM participants and non-participants, although OCM participants were younger. OCM participants were more likely to be affiliated with large, group, and urban practices that were not part of a health system (Table). Southwest, Southeast, and mid-Atlantic markets had higher OCM participation. Markets with high OCM physician participation had higher specialist density, Hospital Care Intensity Index, and acute care utilization at the end of life (all p < 0.001). Market penetration of Accountable Care Organizations (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 4.65, 95% CI 3.31-6.56, p < 0.001) and Medicare Advantage (aOR 2.82, 95% CI 1.97-4.06, p < 0.001) were associated with higher OCM participation. Conclusions: We found differences in provider and practice demographics, care intensity, and prior exposure to alternative payment models between OCM-participants and non-participants. Differences in practice and market characteristics influence oncologists’ participation in alternative payment models and should be accounted for in Medicare’s OCM evaluation. [Table: see text]

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