scholarly journals Efficient Production of Methyl Oleate Using a Biomass-Based Solid Polymeric Catalyst with High Acid Density

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anping Wang ◽  
Heng Zhang ◽  
Hu Li ◽  
Song Yang
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Methyl Oleate ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Efficient Production ◽  
High Acid ◽  
High Efficient ◽  
Good Catalytic Activity

Biomass-based polymers are eco-friendly, nontoxic and biodegradable materials. In this work, in order to prepare green, low-cost and high-efficient catalysts under mild conditions, we chose biomass-based chitosan as raw material and prepared a new solid acidic catalyst by an acid functionalization method. FT-IR, XRD, SEM, TGA, BET, neutralization titration and other analytical methods were used to characterize the catalyst. The results showed that CS-SO3H morphology exhibited a sphere of about 10 μm diameter, and the acid density was as high as 3.81 mmol/g. The catalyst exhibits good catalytic activity in the esterification of oleic acid and methanol, which is a model reaction of the pre-esterification process in the preparation of biodiesel from feedstocks with high acid values. Under the optimum reaction conditions (15/1 methanol/oleic acid mole ratio and 3 wt% catalyst dosage at 75°C for 3 h), the yield of methyl oleate can reach 95.7%. Even if the mass of oleic acid in the reactant increased to 20 g, solid acid showed good catalytic performance, and the yield of methyl oleate was 94.4%. After four times of reuse, the yield of the catalyst can still reach 85.7%, which indicates that the catalyst has good catalytic activity and stability, and has potential application prospects.

Efficient Production of Biodiesel Catalyzed by Acidic Nanoporous Carbon Materials：A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anping Wang ◽  
Heng Zhang ◽  
Hu Li ◽  
Song Yang
Keyword(s):  
Pore Structure ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
Nanoporous Carbon ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Efficient Production ◽  
Fossil Energy ◽  
Catalytic Materials ◽  
High Acid ◽  
Carbon Based

Background: With the gradual decrease of fossil energy, the development of alternatives to fossil energy has attracted more and more attention. Biodiesel is considered to be the most potent alternative to fossil energy, mainly due to its green, renewable and biodegradable advantages. The stable, efficient and reusable catalysts are undoubtedly the most critical in the preparation of biodiesel. Among them, nanoporous carbon-based acidic materials are very important biodiesel catalysts. Objective: The latest advances of acidic nanoporous carbon catalysts in biodiesel production was reviewed. Methods: Biodiesel is mainly synthesized by esterification and transesterification. Due to the important role of nanoporous carbon-based acidic materials in the catalytic preparation of biodiesel, we focused on the synthesis, physical and chemical properties, catalytic performance and reusability. Results: Acidic catalytic materials have a good catalytic performance for high acid value feedstocks. However, the preparation of biodiesel with acid catalyst requires relatively strict reaction conditions. The application of nanoporous acidic carbon-based materials, due to the support of carbon-based framework, makes the catalyst have good stability and unique pore structure, accelerates the reaction mass transfer speed and accelerates the reaction. Conclusion: Nanoporous carbon-based acidic catalysts have the advantages of suitable pore structure, high active sites, and high stability. In order to make these catalytic processes more efficient, environmentally friendly and low cost, it is an important research direction for the future biodiesel catalysts to develop new catalytic materials with high specific surface area, suitable pore size, high acid density, and excellent performance.

Carbon Dioxide Hydrogenation to Methanol over Cu/ZnO-SBA-15 Catalyst: Effect of Metal Loading

2017 ◽  
Vol 380 ◽  
pp. 151-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Faiz Hanna Tasfy ◽  
Noor Asmawati Mohd Zabidi ◽  
Maizatul Shima Shaharun ◽  
Duvvria Subbarao ◽  
Ahmed Elbagir
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Carbon Source ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Textural Properties ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
Hydrogenation Reaction ◽  
Supported Metal Catalysts ◽  
Metal Loading

Utilization of CO2 as a carbon source to produce valuable chemicals is one of the important ways to reduce the global warming caused by increasing CO2 in the atmosphere. Supported metal catalysts are crucial to produce clean and renewable fuels and chemicals from the stable CO2 molecules. The catalytic conversion of CO2 into methanol is recently under increased scrutiny as an opportunity to be used as a low-cost carbon source. Therefore, a series of the bimetallic Cu/ZnO-based catalyst supported by SBA-15 were synthesized via an impregnation technique with different total metal loading and tested in the catalytic hydrogenation of CO2 to methanol. The morphological and textural properties of the synthesized catalysts were determined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), temperature programmed desorption, reduction, oxidation and pulse chemisorption (TPDRO), and N2-adsorption. The CO2 hydrogenation reaction was performed in a microactivity fixed-bed system at 250oC, 2.25 MPa, and H2/CO2 ratio of 3. Experimental results showed that the catalytic structure and performance were strongly affected by the loading of the active site. Where, the catalytic activity, the methanol selectivity as well as the space-time yield increased with increasing the metal loading until it reaches the maximum values at a metal loading of 15 wt% while further addition of metal inhibits the catalytic performance. The higher catalytic activity of 14% and methanol selectivity of 92% was obtained over a Cu/ZnO-SBA-15 catalyst with a total bimetallic loading of 15 wt%. The excellent performance of 15 wt% Cu/ZnO-SBA-15 catalyst is attributed to the presence of well dispersed active sites with small particle size, higher Cu surface area, and lower catalytic reducibility.

scholarly journals Synthesis of Graphene-Based Biopolymer TiO2 Electrodes Using Pyrolytic Direct Deposition Method and its Catalytic Performance

Catalysts ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1050
Author(s):  
Parminder Kaur ◽  
Sana Frindy ◽  
Yuri Park ◽  
Mika Sillanpää ◽  
Monzur A. Imteaz
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
Optimum Process ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Pharmaceutical Drugs ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Graphene Layers ◽  
Good Catalytic Activity ◽  
Chitosan Biopolymer

The traditional methods used to synthesize graphene layers over semiconductors are chemical-based methods. In the present investigation, a novel photoelectroactive electrode was synthesized using a chitosan biopolymer without the usage of chemicals. A chitosan-biopolymer layer over the surface of TiO2 was generated by electrodeposition. Furthermore, the pyrolysis method was used for the conversion of a biopolymer into graphene layers. The catalytic activity of the fabricated electrodes was investigated by the photo-electro-Fenton (PEF) process to oxidize chloramphenicol and nadolol pharmaceutical drugs in wastewater, remove metals (scandium, neodymium, and arsenic) and degrade real municipal wastewater. The PEF operational parameters (pH, voltage, reaction time, and Fenton catalytic dose) were optimized for the overall degradation of chloramphenicol and nadolol pharmaceutical drugs in wastewater. It was observed that at the optimum process operational parameters it took 40 min to degrade chloramphenicol and nadolol pharmaceutical drugs in wastewater. It was proved that biopolymer-based photoelectroactive novel electrodes render good catalytic activity. Furthermore, the reusability study of fabricated electrodes showed excellent storage and self-healing properties.

scholarly journals Hybrid zeolitic imidazolate framework-derived ZnO/ZnMoO4 heterostructure for electrochemical hydrogen production

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Li ◽  
Shumei Chen ◽  
Xin Wu ◽  
Huabin Zhang ◽  
Jian Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Water Splitting ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
Hydrogen Fuel ◽  
Interface Engineering ◽  
Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework ◽  
System P ◽  
High Efficient ◽  
Electrochemical Water Splitting

Sustainable hydrogen fuel supply through electrochemical water splitting requires high-efficient, low-cost and robust electrocatalysts. Interface engineering is of key importance to improve the catalytic performance in the heterogeneous electrocatalysis system....

High-efficient production of biofuels using spent fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) catalysts and high acid value waste cooking oils

2021 ◽  
Vol 168 ◽  
pp. 57-63
Author(s):  
Nguyen Le-Phuc ◽  
Tri V. Tran ◽  
Thien T. Phan ◽  
Phuong T. Ngo ◽  
Quan L.M. Ha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Cracking ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Fluid Catalytic Cracking ◽  
Efficient Production ◽  
High Acid ◽  
Waste Cooking Oils ◽  
High Efficient ◽  
Cooking Oils ◽  
Fcc Catalysts

A nona-vacant Keggin-type tricarbonyl rhenium derivative {[PMo3O16][Re(CO)3]4}5− and its catalytic performance for CO2 cycloaddition reactions

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (84) ◽  
pp. 69006-69009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiyuan Huo ◽  
Jipeng Guo ◽  
Jingkun Lu ◽  
Qiaofei Xu ◽  
Pengtao Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Cycloaddition Reaction ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
Cycloaddition Reactions ◽  
Frontier Orbitals ◽  
Keggin Type ◽  
Good Catalytic Activity

A nona-vacant Keggin-type tricarbonyl rhenium derivative {[PMo3O16][Re(CO)3]4}5− was synthesized and its frontier orbitals were computed. Interestingly, it showed good catalytic activity for the CO2 cycloaddition reaction.

scholarly journals Bismuth-Based Free-Standing Electrodes for Ambient-Condition Ammonia Production in Neutral Media

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Sun ◽  
Zizhao Deng ◽  
Xi-Ming Song ◽  
Hui Li ◽  
Zihang Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
Reduction Reaction ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Free Standing ◽  
Hydrogen Electrode ◽  
Faradaic Efficiency ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
High Efficient ◽  
Neutral Media

AbstractElectrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction is a carbon-free and energy-saving strategy for efficient synthesis of ammonia under ambient conditions. Here, we report the synthesis of nanosized Bi2O3 particles grown on functionalized exfoliated graphene (Bi2O3/FEG) via a facile electrochemical deposition method. The obtained free-standing Bi2O3/FEG achieves a high Faradaic efficiency of 11.2% and a large NH3 yield of 4.21 ± 0.14 $$ \upmu{\text{g}}_{{{\text{NH}}_{3} }} $$ μ g NH 3  h−1 cm−2 at − 0.5 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode in 0.1 M Na2SO4, better than that in the strong acidic and basic media. Benefiting from its strong interaction of Bi 6p band with the N 2p orbitals, binder-free characteristic, and facile electron transfer, Bi2O3/FEG achieves superior catalytic performance and excellent long-term stability as compared with most of the previous reported catalysts. This study is significant to design low-cost, high-efficient Bi-based electrocatalysts for electrochemical ammonia synthesis.

Preparation of Fly Ash/CeO2 Composite and its Adsorption Kinetics for Congo Red Dye from Aqueous Solution

2015 ◽  
Vol 814 ◽  
pp. 458-463
Author(s):  
Bei Gang Li ◽  
Lei Ding
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Congo Red ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Physical Adsorption ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Adsorption Model ◽  
Acid Modification ◽  
High Efficient

Fly ash/CeO2 composite (FA/CeO2) was prepared by acid modification and precipitation method using a low-cost waste fly ash (FA) as a raw material and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and the BET surface analysis. The adsorption of FA and FA/CeO2 for Congo Red (CR) from simulated dye wastewater was studied. The different regeneration methods for the CR-saturated FA/CeO2 were investigated. The results show that the adsorption capacity and removal rate of CR on FA/CeO2 can respectively reach 175.35mg/g and 97.42%, 4.5 times higher than those on FA. The adsorption process of FA/CeO2 for CR at different temperatures (25°C~55°C) can well be described by the pseudo-second-order adsorption model and is mainly controlled by intraparticle diffusion. The adsorption rate decreased slightly with increasing temperature, and the obtained adsorption apparent activation energy is 15.08kJ/mol. This indicates that CR is easily adsorbed on FA/CeO2, and the adsorption of the process is mainly physical adsorption with exothermic nature. The room temperature is favorable to the adsorption and actual operation. NaOH solution of 0.01 mol/L can make CR-saturated FA/CeO2 regenerated three times, and corresponding removal rate for CR can reach 97.82%, 80.21% and 66.04%, respectively. As a new kind of low-cost and high-efficient adsorbent, FA/CeO2 composite has the potential value in the application of wastewater treatment.

Catalytic Synthesis of Dioctyl Phthalate over Al-MCM-41 Molecular Sieves

2011 ◽  
Vol 306-307 ◽  
pp. 1741-1746
Author(s):  
Hua Feng Zhou ◽  
Yong Jin Yang ◽  
Jin Son Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Molecular Sieves ◽  
Hydrothermal Process ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
Dioctyl Phthalate ◽  
Catalytic Synthesis ◽  
Al Content ◽  
Good Catalytic Activity ◽  
Mcm 41

In this paper, mesoporous MCM-41 and Al-MCM-41(Si/Al =100, 70, 40, 10, 5) molecular sieves were synthesized by direct hydrothermal process and characterized by various analytical techniques. Their catalytic performance in the synthesis of dioctyl phthalate (DOP) was also studied. The results show that while keeping the mesostructure of Al-MCM-41(Si/Al=100, 70, 40), increasing Al content can increase the acidity and so forth effectively improve the catalytic activity. But too much aluminum incorporation can destroy the structure of Al-MCM-41(Si/Al=10). The Al-MCM-41 molecular sieves with proper Si/Al ratios have good catalytic activity and stability in DOP synthesis. When Al-MCM-41(40) was used as the catalyst, A high PA conversion of 98.45% can be reached in 4 h. After being reused for five times, Al-MCM-41(40) still remains good catalytic activity.

scholarly journals Design and Analysis of Hexagonal and Octagonal Honey Comb Structures with Various Materials and FEM Analysis.

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 669-678
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Flow Simulation ◽  
Fem Analysis ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Core Material ◽  
Efficient Production ◽  
Material Usage ◽  
High Efficient ◽  
Cost Efficient

The demands for automotive interior and exterior panels in present and future request is an optimal combination of materials and cost-efficient production processes. Mechanical andacoustical requirementsof high strength and a weight target result, todayoften in the selection of a sandwich design with a cost efficient and recyclable core material. Honey comb sandwich structures are used in Airplane wings, Ships, Cars, Civil Constructions, etc. Now a days this technology is being used allover the automotive fields. These designs are the best way for low material usage and high strength. In this project the designs of hexagonal and octagonal honey comb structures are to be analysed and compared for the best result in structure. The structures are to be developed by using SolidWorks[1] software. Solidworks flow simulation is to be used to test the effectiveness and limitations of the structures. Thermal and static analysis are to be analysed by using solidworks simulation software with different types of materials like Titanium, Aluminum, and Stainless steelto identify the best material at low cost and high efficient by applying various loads of finite element method analysis.

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