scholarly journals Novel Antibacterial Resin-Based Filling Material Containing Nanoparticles for the Potential One-Step Treatment of Caries

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Angel Villegas ◽  
M. Jazmin Silvero Compagnucci ◽  
Martin Sainz Ajá ◽  
Diamela María Rocca ◽  
María Cecilia Becerra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aerobic Bacteria ◽  
Filling Material ◽  
Potential Mechanism ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Zinc Nanoparticles ◽  
One Step ◽  
Dental Surface ◽  
Microbiological Assays ◽  
Caries Lesions ◽  
Microaerophilic Conditions

The aim of this work was to study the application of resin filling containing nanomaterials for the potential treatment of caries. Zinc nanoparticles (ZnO@NP, 50 nm) were chosen for their antimicrobial capacity against aerobic bacteria, and here, they have proved to be bactericidal against anaerobic bacterial strains (Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus mitis, and Lactobacillus spp.). Potential mechanism of action is proposed based on microbiological assays and seems to be independent of oxidative stress because the nanoparticles are effective in microaerophilic conditions. The loading of nanoparticles on the demineralized dental surface and their infiltration power were significantly improved when ZnO@NP were carried by the resin. Overall, this material seems to have a high potential to become a one-step treatment for caries lesions.

Microbiological purity of syringes containing composites in the context of cross-infection prevention in dental practices

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-105
Author(s):  
Joanna Bialowska ◽  
Witold Bojar ◽  
Tomasz Zareba ◽  
Stefan Tyski ◽  
Barbara Tymczyna-Borowicz
Keyword(s):  
Infection Prevention ◽  
Dental Materials ◽  
Cross Infection ◽  
Aerobic Bacteria ◽  
Filling Material ◽  
Bodily Fluids ◽  
Dental Office ◽  
Dental Practices ◽  
Dental Offices ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic

AbstractCross-infection involves the transmission of microorganisms through secretions, bodily fluids and excreta, as well as undisinfected surfaces and medical equipment. In the dental office, diseases are transmitted via various routes, e.g. from patient to dentist or other member of dental team, from doctor or dental team member to patient, from patient to another patient, from dental office to community and from community to patient. The study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of infection control in dental practices based on the qualitative and quantitative assessment of microbiological contaminants detected on the surface of filling material packaging used in dental offices. The material for research were 9 packages containing dental materials during their use in 3 dental settings. The packages were placed in sterile flasks and rinsed to wash microorganisms from the surfaces. The washes were filtered through membrane filters and cultured under proper aerobic and anaerobic conditions, and at elevated CO2 concentration. Microbial growth on TIO and TSB media was observed. The contamination of most samples remained low as indicated by the growth from one to a maximum of five colonies on TSA. The contamination remained at the level of 10-50 CFU/package, i.e. <100 CFU/single package. The tests evaluating the contamination of dental package surfaces with aerobic bacteria confirmed high hygiene standards observed in dental offices from which the packages were brought.

scholarly journals Efficient Degradation of 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol Requires a Set of Catabolic Genes Related to tcp Genes from Ralstonia eutropha JMP134(pJP4)

2003 ◽  
Vol 69 (12) ◽  
pp. 7108-7115 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Matus ◽  
M. A. Sánchez ◽  
M. Martínez ◽  
B. González
Keyword(s):  
Sole Carbon Source ◽  
Ralstonia Eutropha ◽  
The Other ◽  
Aerobic Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Gene Sequences ◽  
Catabolic Pathway ◽  
Liquid Cultures ◽  
Catabolic Genes ◽  
Maleylacetate Reductase

ABSTRACT 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol (2,4,6-TCP) is a hazardous pollutant. Several aerobic bacteria are known to degrade this compound. One of these, Ralstonia eutropha JMP134(pJP4), a well-known, versatile chloroaromatic compound degrader, is able to grow in 2,4,6-TCP by converting it to 2,6-dichlorohydroquinone, 6-chlorohydroxyquinol, 2-chloromaleylacetate, maleylacetate, and β-ketoadipate. Three enzyme activities encoded by tcp genes, 2,4,6-TCP monooxygenase (tcpA), 6-chlorohydroxyquinol 1,2-dioxygenase (tcpC), and maleylacetate reductase (tcpD), are involved in this catabolic pathway. Here we provide evidence that all these tcp genes are clustered in the R. eutropha JMP134(pJP4) chromosome, forming the putative catabolic operon tcpRXABCYD. We studied the presence of tcp-like gene sequences in several other 2,4,6-TCP-degrading bacterial strains and found two types of strains. One type includes strains belonging to the Ralstonia genus and possessing a set of tcp-like genes, which efficiently degrade 2,4,6-TCP and therefore grow in liquid cultures containing this chlorophenol as a sole carbon source. The other type includes strains belonging to the genera Pseudomonas, Sphingomonas, or Sphingopixis, which do not have tcp-like gene sequences and degrade this pollutant less efficiently and which therefore grow only as small colonies on plates with 2,4,6-TCP. Other than strain JMP134, none of the bacterial strains whose genomes have been sequenced possesses a full set of tcp-like gene sequences.

scholarly journals Physiology and Molecular Phylogeny of Bacteria Isolated from Alkaline Distillery Lime

2015 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 369-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Kalwasińska ◽  
Tamas Felfoldi ◽  
Maciej Walczak ◽  
Przemysław Kosobucki
Keyword(s):  
Gene Sequence ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Taxonomic Composition ◽  
Aerobic Bacteria ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequence ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Genus Bacillus ◽  
Gene Sequence Analysis ◽  
Number Of Bacteria

This paper presents the results of the research on the number, taxonomic composition, and biochemical properties of bacterial strains isolated from the alkaline Solvay distillery lime, deposited at the repository in Janikowo (central Poland). Fifteen strains out of 17 were facultative alkaliphiles and moderate halophiles, and two were alkalitolerants and moderate halophiles. The number of aerobic bacteria cultured in alkaline lime was approximately 105 CFU ml-1, and the total number of bacteria was 107 cells g-1. According to 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, nine strains belonged to the genus Bacillus, six to the genus Halomonas, one to the genus Planococcus, and one to the genus Microcella. Strains that hydrolyse starch and protein were the most numerous. Esterase (C4) and esterase lipase (C8) were detected in the majority of bacterial strains. Twelve strains exhibited α-glucosidase activity and nine, naphtol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase activity. The present study proves that alkaliphilic bacteria of this type may constitute a source of potentially useful extremozymes.

scholarly journals Application of culture-based, mass spectrometry and molecular methods to the study of gut microbiota in children

2019 ◽  
pp. 54-65
Author(s):  
B.A. Efimov ◽  
A.V. Chaplin ◽  
S.R. Sokolova ◽  
Z.A. Chernaia ◽  
A.P. Pikina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Aerobic Bacteria ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Sequencing Technologies ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi

In recent decades, nucleic acid sequencing technologies used for metagenomic analysis have become the main methods for assessing the composition of microbiota. At the same time, the use of novel methods of cultivation and identification of microorganisms in microbiological research led to the renaissance of culture-based technologies, because facilitated the discovery and isolation of both new strains of well-known microorganisms as well as uncultivated and unexplored bacterial taxa. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential of using the culture-based method for the assessment of the qualitative and quantitative composition of the intestinal microbiota in healthy children. Eleven growth media were inoculated with serial dilutions of stool samples in order to analyze the profile of dominant anaerobic bacteria, as well as aerobic bacteria and fungi in 20 healthy children aged 2–4 years. The identification of microorganisms was performed using MALDI TOF MS and 16S rRNA gene fragment sequencing were used. 1,819 isolated and identified strains belong to 7 phyla, 13 classes, 18 orders, 33 families, 77 genera and 149 species in the Bacteria domain. The Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria phyla were most abundant and frequent. The greatest species diversity (more than 85 species) was found in the Firmicutes phylum. Ten new previously uncharacterized bacterial strains were isolated.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Benzophenone-N-ethyl Morpholine Ethers as Antibacterial and Antifungal Activities

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Bushra Begum ◽  
Noor Fatima Khanum ◽  
V. Lakshmi Ranganatha ◽  
T. Prashanth ◽  
Mohammed Al-Ghorbani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Chemical Methods ◽  
Subtle Change ◽  
Antifungal Activities ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal Activities ◽  
Paratyphi B ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal ◽  
Microbiological Assays

Microorganisms are closely associated with the health and welfare of human beings. Whereas some microorganisms are beneficial, others are detrimental. Bacterial infections often produce inflammation and pains and in some instances, infections result in high mortality. Any subtle change in the drug molecule, which may not be detected by chemical methods, can be revealed by a change in the antimicrobial activity and hence microbiological assays are very useful. A series of substituted hydroxy benzophenones and benzophenone-N-ethyl morpholine ethers were screened for their antibacterial and antifungal activities. Antibacterial activity againstS. aureus,E. aerogenes,M. luteus,K. pneumonia, andS. typhimurium,S. paratyphi-BandP. vulgarisbacterial strains and antifungal activity againstC. albicans,B. cinerea,M. pachydermatis,C. kruseifungal strains were carried out. The bioassays indicated that most of the synthesized compounds showed potential antibacterial and antifungal agents.

scholarly journals Analysis of cultivable aerobic bacteria isolated from bottom sediments in the Wijdefjorden region, Spitsbergen

2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iwona Konieczna ◽  
Barbara Wojtasik ◽  
Marek Kwinkowski ◽  
Dorota Burska ◽  
Kamil Nowiński ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Dna Analysis ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Resistance Testing ◽  
Aerobic Bacteria ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Sampling Station ◽  
Bacterial Strains

Analysis of cultivable aerobic bacteria isolated from bottom sediments in the Wijdefjorden region, SpitsbergenThe paper presents the first physicochemical and microbiological studies conducted in the northern area of Svalbard (Spitsbergen). Ten sediment samples were collected from the bottom of the longest fjord in the region, Wijdefjorden. Bottom sediments from ten lakes lo- cated along the shores of Wijdefjorden and Woodfjorden were also sampled. Organic matter content (LOI), water content, temperature, pH, and salinity of the sediments were determined. The quantity of aerobic bacteria cultured on various growth media at 4°C, 14°C, and 37°C ranged from 102to 106cfu/g of wet sediment mass, depending on the type of sampling station (fjord or lake). The number of bacteria did not correlate with organic matter content. Out of the 37 bacterial strains isolated from Wijdefjorden, 48% and 70% revealed ureolytic and proteolytic activity, respectively. The proportion of freshwater strains with ureolytic and proteolytic activitywas 32% and 55%, respectively. Antibiotic resistance testing indicated that bacterial strains from the bottom sediments of the lakes were resistant to 8 antibiotics (out of the 18 investigated). Possible sources of this resistance are discussed. Using 16S DNA analysis, bacterial isolates from the lakes were identified asPseudomonassp., whereas frequently occurring strains in bottom sediment of the fjord werePseudoalteromonassp.

scholarly journals PHAGE FORMATION IN STAPHYLOCOCCUS MUSCAE CULTURES

1952 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 409-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Winston H. Price
Keyword(s):  
Ribonucleic Acid ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Virus Particles ◽  
Plaque Type ◽  
One Step ◽  
Infected Cells ◽  
Step Growth ◽  
Cellular Lysis

1. Under a variety of conditions in which cells are infected with one or a few virus particles and the host cells are killed, but no infective particles or virus material is formed as indicated by plaque count, one-step growth curve, or protein or desoxyribonucleic determinations, the cells neither lyse nor release ribonucleic acid into the medium. 2. The "killing" effect of S. muscae phage is separate from its lytic property. 3. The release of ribonucleic acid into the medium is not simply due to the killing of the cell by the virus, and ribonucleic acid is never found in the medium unless virus material is synthesized. 4. Infected cells of S. muscae synthesizing virus release ribonucleic acid into the medium before cellular lysis begins and before any virus is liberated. 5. The higher the phage yield the more ribonucleic acid is released into the medium before any virus is released. 6. Phage may be released from one strain of Staphylococcus muscae without cellular lysis, although bacterial lysis begins shortly after the virus is released. In another strain, infected under similar conditions, virus liberation occurs simultaneously with cellular lysis. 7. The viruses liberated from both bacterial strains appear to be the same in so far as they cannot be distinguished by serological tests, have the same plaque type and plaque size, and need the same amino acids added to the medium in order to grow. Furthermore, the virus liberated from one strain can infect and multiply in the other strain and vice versa. 8. It is suggested that virus synthesis, in S. muscae cells infected with one or a few phage particles, leads to a disturbance of the normal cellular metabolism, resulting in lysis of the host cell.

scholarly journals Aerobic polychlorinated biphenyl-degrading bacteria isolated from the Tohoku region of Japan are not regionally endemic

2022 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Tomijiro Hara ◽  
Yumiko Takatsuka
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Samples ◽  
Polychlorinated Biphenyl ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Aerobic Bacteria ◽  
Mountain Forest ◽  
Comamonas Testosteroni ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Heavy Snowfall ◽  
Degrading Bacteria ◽  
Gene Structures

In the Tohoku region of Japan, 72% of the land comprises mountain forest zones. During winter, severe climatic conditions include heavy snowfall. In such an environment, which is considered high in biodiversity, we assumed that aerobic bacteria would be diverse and would possess the ability to degrade polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). In this study, 78 environmental samples were collected from the Tohoku region and 56 aerobic PCB-degrading bacterial strains were isolated. They belonged to the genera Achromobacter, Rhodococcus, Pseudomonas, Stenotrophomonas, Comamonas, Pigmentiphaga, Xenophilus, Acinetobacter, and Pandoraea. Previously reported aerobic PCB-degrading bacterial strains isolated in Japan belonged to the same genera, except that the genera Acidovorax and Bacillus were not identified in the present study. In particular, the isolated Comamonas testosteroni strains YAZ2 and YU14-111 had high PCB-degrading abilities. Analysis of the sequences of the YAZ2 and YU14-111 strains showed that the gene structures of the bph operon, which encode enzymes associated with PCB degradation, were the same as those of the Acidovorax sp. KKS102 strain. Moreover, 2,3-biphenyl dioxygenase activity was responsible for the degradation characteristics of all the isolated strains. Overall, this study suggests that aerobic PCB-degrading bacteria are not specifically endemic to the Tohoku region but distributed across Japan.

scholarly journals One-Step Differential Detection of OXA-48-Like Variants Using High-Resolution Melting (HRM) Analysis

Antibiotics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 256
Author(s):  
Min Yi Lau ◽  
Kartini Abdul Jabar ◽  
Kek Heng Chua ◽  
Boon Pin Kee ◽  
Sasheela Sri La Sri Ponnampalavanar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
High Resolution Melting ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Hrm Analysis ◽  
Sequencing Method ◽  
Tertiary Teaching ◽  
Carbapenemase Gene ◽  
Tertiary Teaching Hospital ◽  
One Step ◽  
Pcr Method

OXA-48-like carbapenemase gene remains a hidden threat, as different OXA-48 variants have varying presentations of susceptibility to antibiotics that might affect the treatment decisions. Rapid detection and differentiation of OXA-48-like carbapenemase genes are critical for targeted treatment and infection control. In this study, we aimed to develop high-resolution melting (HRM) analysis for the differentiation of OXA-48 variants. HRM analysis is a post-polymerase chain reaction (post-PCR) method for identification of small variations in nucleic acid sequences based on the PCR dissociation curve. A total of 82 bacterial strains, which consisted of Enterobacteriaceae and non-Enterobacteriaceae, were collected from a tertiary teaching hospital. The sensitivity and specificity of the assay were determined, and the developed assay was evaluated using the collected isolates against conventional-sequencing method. Overall, the developed assay was able to detect isolates that harboured OXA-48 and OXA232/OXA-181 by showing two distinct peaks at 81.1 ± 0.2 °C and 82.1 ± 0.2 °C, respectively. The detection limit of the assay was 1.6 x 10-6 ng/µl for OXA-48 and 1.8 x 10-7 ng/µl for OXA-232/OXA-181. This assay showed 100% specificity when evaluated on a panel of 37 isolates comprised of different species of bacteria and yeasts. When the assay with isolates collected in the year 2016 was first evaluated, the assay showed comparable results with conventional PCR-sequencing method where 34 OXA-48 and OXA-232/OXA-181 were detected. By using HRM analysis, the presence of OXA-48-like variants could be easily identified within 3 hours from the pure culture.

scholarly journals Choanal and cloacal aerobic bacterial flora in captive green iguanas: a comparative analysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Barazorda Romero ◽  
Alois Čížek ◽  
Martina Masaříková ◽  
Zdeněk Knotek
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Flora ◽  
Aerobic Bacteria ◽  
Comamonas Testosteroni ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogens ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Ionization Time ◽  
Flight Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Water Container ◽  
Green Iguanas

The aims of this study were to characterize the choanal and cloacal aerobic bacterial flora in healthy captive green iguanas and to compare it with the bacterial flora of the biofilm present in the water container of each terrarium. Samples were collected from the choana and the cloaca of 20 healthy captive adult green iguanas and from the biofilm of 15 water containers. The final identification of aerobic bacteria was performed by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry.Salmonellapositive samples were serotyped. The most common strains observed at each test location were from 1) choanae:Staphylococcusspp.,Enterobacter cloacaeandComamonas testosteroni; 2) cloacae:Citrobacterspp.,Salmonellaspp. andCorynebacteriumspp.; and 3) biofilms:Pseudomonasspp.,Salmonellaspp. andAcidovoraxspp. We showed that apart fromSalmonellaspp., the choanal and cloacal bacterial flora differed from the microorganisms present in the biofilm of the animal’s water container. These data revealed that healthy captive adult green iguanas harbored several aerobic bacterial strains that in immunosuppressed reptiles may act as opportunistic pathogens. Also, several of the aerobic bacteria identified in samples are potential zoonotic agents. Characterization of the normal background flora in captive reptiles and their environment can contribute to an understanding of the spread of bacterial contamination and the risk of potential zoonotic diseases for people in contact with these animals.

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